POPULATION AGEING, CAPITAL INTENSITY AND LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSS GUEST
Keyword(s):  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Population Ageing

scholarly journals Population ageing, labour productivity and economic welfare in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1354-1376
Author(s):  
Mirela Cristea ◽  
Graţiela Georgiana Noja ◽  
Daniela Emanuela Dănăcică ◽  
Petru Ştefea
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
The European Union

Informality and structural change: evidences from microenterprises in India's unorganised manufacturing sector

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shromona Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Small Firm ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
World Market ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Content Type

PurposeThis article analyses the structural change in microenterprises located at India's unorganised manufacturing sector in terms of output mix, choice of technique and productivity during the last few decades.Design/methodology/approachBased on data collected from a quinquennial survey of unorganised firms, this study attempts productivity analysis by using the growth accounting technique.FindingsThe paper finds that there is a significant structural change which has occurred in the small firm sector in Indian manufacturing. The share of capital-intensive industries has increased substantially in recent years. Further, though small firms are more labour intensive, the labour productivity and total productivity of these firms are very low. The falling labour productivity and rising capital intensity indicates replacement of labour with capital in Indian small firm sector.Practical implicationsLow productivity of the sector is a cause for concern and this needs to be addressed by making the sector more competitive in the world market. To achieve this, policies should be designed so that small firms reach the efficient scale of production.Originality/valueThis is the first paper which examines structural changes in the Indian MSME sector. The findings have strong implications for creation of a viable ecosystem of entrepreneurship in the country.

Automotive Components Industry and Profitability Factors: Evidence from India

2020 ◽  
pp. 097226292095500
Author(s):  
J. Vineesh Prakash ◽  
D. K. Nauriyal
Keyword(s):  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Export Intensity ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Automotive Components ◽  
The Past ◽  
Annual Survey ◽  
Labour Productivity Growth ◽  
Negative Effect

Based upon the dataset drawn from Centre for Monitoring of Indian Economy (CMIE) Prowess database, World Bank and Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) for a period 2000–2015, this article tests the persistence of profitability and checks the validity of Resource-Based View (RBV) in elucidating the variations in profitability on an industry-specific setting that is, Indian automotive components industry under a Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) framework. The article finds that the persistence of profits is positive and moderate, indicating that the industry is reasonably competitive. The results further suggest that the past R&D intensity, export intensity, size, labour productivity growth, and GDP growth have a positive bearing on the current profitability, while current R&D intensity, A&M intensity, capital intensity, firm leverage and output of OEMs were found to have exercised negative effect. Since past R&D intensity is found to be positively influencing the current profitability, this article infers that RBV holds for this industry.

scholarly journals Mediating Effect of Advertising Expenditure on Labour Productivity: A Case of Manufacturing Industries in Pakistan

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Tariq Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Bootstrap Method ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Advertising Expenditure

This paper explores the possibility that the labour productivity enhancing effects often ascribed to capital intensity may partly act through some mediating variable. The paper uses a mediation model to estimate direct and indirect effects of capital intensity on labour productivity in Pakistan‘s manufacturing industries. The data involve 229 industries at five-digits level of aggregation. The data are taken from Census of Manufacturing Industries for the year 2005-06. Using capital intensity as an independent variable and advertising expenditure as a mediating variable, the paper estimates total, direct, and indirect effects on labour productivity. Approximately 18 percent of total effects on labour productivity are found to be mediated through advertising expenditure. The statistical significance of indirect effects is tested using standard normal tests as well as bootstrap method, and these effects are found to be significant. JEL classification: D24, C31, M37, L60 Keywords: Productivity, Mediation, Advertising, Industries

scholarly journals IMPORT COMPETITION AND LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Oziengbe Scott Aigheyisi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Import Competition ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government

The paper examines the effects of import competition and other factors such as capital intensity, foreign direct investment (being a channel through which foreign technologies are transmitted into an economy) and access to electricity, on labour productivity in Nigeria using annual time series data spanning the period from 1991 to 2018. In doing this, the FMOLS estimator is employed for estimation of a long run cointegrating model. The study finds that import competition adversely affects labour productivity in the long run. It also finds that the effect of capital intensity on labour productivity is positive, but not statistically significant. Further evidence from the study are that foreign direct investment and access to electricity positively and significantly affect labour productivity in the country. The study recommends, as measures to increase labour productivity in the country, efforts by the government to improve access to electricity, enhance the attractiveness of various sectors of the economy to FDI, and boost domestic production capacity to increase volume and quality of output so as to enhance its competitiveness and reduce dependence on imports, especially of consumption goods.

scholarly journals Revitalising Indonesia’s Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zulfan Tadjoeddin ◽  
Ilmiawan Auwalin ◽  
Anis Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Time Series Data ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Common

In light of the continuing importance, but declining dynamism, of the manufacturing sector, this paper investigates trends in productivity at firm levels. It finds that labour productivity has been either stagnant or falling in labour-intensive manufacturing. The paper uses firm level cross-sectional and time series data and employs GMM techniques to estimate determinants of productivity. It finds that real wage is the most important variable that influences firm level productivity, followed by capital intensity. Contrary to the common perception, foreign ownership and export orientation are not found to have statistically significant influence on firm level productivity. This finding is consistent for firms of all sizes—large, medium, small and micro. This implies that Indonesia can use wages policy, as Singapore did during the late 1970s to mid-1980s, to upgrade its manufacturing to higher value-added activities.

International Comparisons of Levels of Capital Input and Multi-Factor Productivity

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Schreyer
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
International Comparisons ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Capital Input ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Base Data

Abstract The paper uses a method by Christensen et al. to construct crosscountry comparisons of the levels of capital input, capital and labour productivity and multi-factor productivity. These results are used to decompose international differences in gross domestic product per capita into differences in labour utilization, information and communication technology (ICT) and non-ICT capital intensity and multi-factor productivity for seven Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. We provide Monte Carlo estimates to examine the effects of measurement errors in the base data, and these simulations showed that boundaries for the resulting indicators can be important.

Is There Really a Foreign Ownership Productivity Advantage? Evidence from Nigerian Manufacturing Firms

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 475-490
Author(s):  
Kilishi Adamu Alka
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Firm Heterogeneity ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Foreign Ownership ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Factor Productivity

ABSTRACT The role of foreign ownership of an enterprise in impacting their performance is a vital policy issue for Africa. In this paper, panel data for manufacturing firms is used to investigate that role in Nigeria. After controlling for unobserved firm heterogeneity, inputs simultaneity, measurement errors and possible selection bias, I find that foreign ownership has a positive, but statistically insignificant, effect on total factor productivity (TFP). However, foreign-owned firms operate on a far larger scale than domestic ones, with much higher levels of employment, capital intensity and labour productivity. As it is labour productivity that determines the ability of firms to pay higher wages, the evidence presented in this paper suggests it is their ability to operate at higher scale, rather than having higher TFP, is what characterises foreign-owned firms in Nigeria.

Productivity of Indian Textile Industry in the Post Multi Fibre Agreement (MFA) Regime

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-131
Author(s):  
Greeshma Manoj ◽  
S. Muraleedharan
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Capital Productivity ◽  
Textiles And Clothing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Intensity Estimate

The system of bilateral quotas which had governed the international trade in textiles and clothing under the Multi Fibre Agreement came to an end and has been replaced by the Agreement on Textiles and Clothing (ATC) from January 1, 2005. The ATC provided for a progressive elimination of quota in four stages during the transitional period which ended on 2005. This study is an attempt to understand the impact of trade liberalization on the productivity of Indian textile industry. Estimation of labour productivity shows an improvement in the labour productivity during the post MFA period. Analysis of capital productivity reveals that average capital productivity was higher during the pre MFA period compared to post MFA period. Capital intensity estimate reveals that there has been an increase in the capital intensity for all product groups in the post MFA period compared to pre MFA.

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