One-Year Prevalence and Socio-Cultural Aspects of Chronic Headache in Turkish Immigrants and German Natives

Cephalalgia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Kavuk ◽  
C Weimar ◽  
BT Kim ◽  
G Gueneyli ◽  
M Araz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Headache ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Turkish Immigrants ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Turkish Immigrant ◽  
Acute Headache

The aim of this research was to study the prevalence of chronic headache (CH) and associated socio-cultural factors in Turkish immigrants and native Germans. Five hundred and twenty-three Turkish and German company employees were screened using a standard questionnaire. Those who suffered from headaches were also examined by a neurologist. Complete data were available for 471 (90%) subjects. Thirty-four participants (7.2%) had CH. Two independent factors for association with CH could be identified: overuse of acute headache medication (OR = 72.5; 95% CI 25.9-202.9), and being a first-generation Turkish immigrant compared with native Germans (OR = 4.4; 95% CI 1.4-13.7). In contrast, the factor associated with chronic headache was not increased in second-generation Turkish immigrants. Medication overuse was significantly more frequent in first-generation Turkish immigrants (21.6%) compared with second-generation Turkish immigrants (3.3%) and native Germans (3.6%; X2 = 38.0, P < 0.001). First-generation Turkish immigrants did not contact headache specialists at all, compared with 2.8% of second-generation Turkish immigrants and 8.8% of native Germans ( X2 = 118.4, P < 0.001). Likewise no first-generation Turkish immigrant suffering from CH received headache preventive treatment, compared with 6.6% of native Germans ( X2 = 19.1, P = 0.014). The data from this cross-sectional study reveal a high prevalence of chronic headache as well as a very low utilization of adequate medical care in first-generation Turkish immigrants in Germany.

scholarly journals Do Diabetes Mellitus Differences Exist within Generations? Three Generations of Moluccans in the Netherlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Adee Bodewes ◽  
Charles Agyemang ◽  
Anton E. Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Three Generations ◽  
Health Database

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to be more prevalent among migrants compared to their host populations. It is unclear whether DM prevalence differs between generations among migrants. We investigated the differences in DM prevalence among three generations of Moluccans, who have been living for over 65 years in the Netherlands, compared to the Dutch population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, data of a healthcare insurance database on hospital and medication use (Achmea Health Database) were used. The dataset contained 5394 Moluccans and 52,880 Dutch persons of all ages. DM differences were assessed by means of logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, urbanization, and area socio-economic status. Results: The prevalence of DM was higher in all generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. The adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for DM were significantly higher in total group of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (AOR 1.60, 95% CI 1.42–1.80) and across the first and second generation of Moluccans compared to the Dutch (first generation (1.73, 1.47–2.04) and second generation (1.44, 1.19–1.75). Higher AOR were found for first generation men (1.55, 1.22–1.97) and first (1.90, 1.52–2.37) and second (1.63, 1.24–2.13) generation Moluccan women compared to the Dutch. AOR for the third generation Moluccans was increased to a similar extent (1.51, 0.97–2.34), although not statistical significant. Conclusions: Our findings show higher odds of DM across generations of Moluccans compared to the Dutch. DM prevention strategies for minorities should be targeted at all migrant generations in host countries.

scholarly journals Impact of adverse reactions to first-generation antipsychotics on treatment adherence in outpatients with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merhawi Bahta ◽  
Azieb Ogbaghebriel ◽  
Mulugeta Russom ◽  
Eyasu H. Tesfamariam ◽  
Tzeggai Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Generation Antipsychotics ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Antipsychotics are well-known to cause potentially serious and life-threatening adverse drug reactions (ADRs) that have been reported to be also one of the major reasons for non-adherence. In Eritrea, shortage of psychiatrists and physicians, inadequacy of laboratory setups and unavailability of second-generation antipsychotics in the national list of medicines would seem to amplify the problem. This study’s objective is to determine the impact of adverse effects of first-generation antipsychotics on treatment adherence in outpatients with schizophrenia at Saint Mary Neuro-Psychiatric National Referral Hospital. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed. All eligible adult patients with diagnosed schizophrenia (n = 242) who visited the hospital during the study period were enrolled. Data on ADRs, adherence and other variables were collected from patients using a self-administered questionnaire, interview and through medical cards review. The collected variables were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Statistical significance was tested at p value < 0.05. Results Greater than one-third (35.5%) of the patients with schizophrenia were non-adherent to treatment. The odds of non-adherence increased 1.06 times for each unit increase in the total ADR score (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.04, 1.09). Patients with extrapyramidal (AOR = 44.69, 95% CI 5.98, 334.30), psychic (AOR = 14.90, 95% CI 1.90, 116.86), hormonal (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI 1.41, 4.80), autonomic (AOR = 3.23, 95% CI 1.37, 7.57) and miscellaneous reactions (AOR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.13, 4.13) were more likely to be non-adherent compared to their counterparts. Conclusion Poor treatment adherence was found to be substantial which was attributed to total ADR score, extrapyramidal, hormonal, psychic, autonomic and miscellaneous categories of reactions of the LUNSERS. To improve treatment adherence, early detection and management of adverse effects and inclusion of second-generation antipsychotics are recommended.

scholarly journals First Prospective Cross-Sectional Study on the Impact of Immigration Background and Education in Early Detection of Breast Cancer

Breast Care ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Elna Kuehnle ◽  
Wulf Siggelkow ◽  
Kristina Luebbe ◽  
Iris Schrader ◽  
Karl-Heinz Noeding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Participation Rate ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
First Generation Immigrants ◽  
Cancer Early Detection

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Although immigrant health is an important issue in national health policy, there is a serious shortage of data in many countries. Most studies lack information on educational status, which is a major limitation. This prospective cross-sectional study analyzed a real-world breast cancer population on the influence of immigration background and educational status on participation in breast cancer early detection programs in the federal state of Lower Saxony, Germany. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Data collection was conducted from 2012 to 2016 in six certified breast cancer centers using a standardized questionnaire for patients’ interview and tumor-specific data from the patients’ medical records. <b><i>Results:</i></b> 2,145/3,047 primary breast cancer cases were analyzed. 17.5% of our patients had a history of immigration, including <i>n</i> = 202 first-generation immigrants and <i>n</i> = 168 second-generation immigrants. Most of them were citizens of EU27 member states. No significant difference was seen in age, tumor stage, histology, grading, Ki-67, Her2/neu-status, and hormone receptor status compared to the native cohort. 100% participation rate in the breast cancer early detection programs were seen in patients with no school graduation. With regards to the national mammography screening program, participation decreased significantly with educational status (<i>p</i> = 0.0003). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> No tumor biological differences were seen between immigrants and German natives. In first-generation immigrants, early detection programs were well accepted despite sociocultural and language differences. Participation rate decreased significantly with higher education levels irrespective of country of origin. Immigration background does not have a negative effect on the participation in breast cancer screening. This mainly relates to immigrants from EU27 member states.

scholarly journals A Cross-National Study of Dementia Stigma Among the General Public in Israel and Australia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Perla Werner ◽  
Sarang Kim
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
National Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subjective Knowledge ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cross National

Background: Despite the increasing amount of research on dementia stigma, there is a dearth of cross-national studies conducted on this subject. This is surprising since the experience of stigma is closely associated to socio-cultural aspects. Objective: The present study intended to expand knowledge about the impact of culture on dementia stigma by comparing the level and correlates of stigmatic beliefs about dementia among the general public in Israel and Australia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey was conducted with two age-matched samples: 447 adults in Israel and 290 adults in Australia. Results: Overall, dementia stigma was moderate in both countries. However, the level of dementia stigma was significantly higher in Australia than in Israel. Lower levels of subjective knowledge and higher levels of ageism were associated with increased levels of stigmatic beliefs in both countries. Gender was a significant correlate of dementia stigma, with male participants reporting higher levels of public stigma than women, although this gender difference was mainly driven by the Australian sample. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that providing knowledge and decreasing ageist attitudes should be key considerations in dementia awareness and stigma reduction campaigns despite the cultural context. In addition, developing gender-specific messages should be considered as a way of improving the effects of such campaigns.

scholarly journals Diferencias étnicas en salud en personas mayores del norte de Chile / Ethnic Differences in Health among Elderly People Living in Northern Chile

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Lorena Patricia Gallardo Peralta
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Chilean Altiplano ◽  
Impaired Health ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

ABSTRACTThis research analyzes the differences in health in terms of belonging to a native Chilean ethnic group in the region of Arica and Parinacota. This is one of the first investigations in Chile and South America that analyze this dimension in the aging process. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study. The sample consists of 493 Chilean elderly living in the far north of Chile. The application of the questionnaire was conducted through personal interviews. The study was conducted in urban and rural areas, including villages in the Chilean Altiplano. Scales internationally recognized geriatric research to measure the presence of symptoms of impaired health, dependence and depression were applied. The results of data analysis showed statistically significant differences in depression and health in terms of ethnic belonging, establishing a disadvantage for the elderly Indians. The findings confirm the heterogeneity of the aging process and the importance of the cultural aspects through belonged to a native ethnic group. For the field of social sciences this study confirms the need for gerontological contextualized interventions that positively discriminate against groups at riskRESUMENEsta investigación analiza las diferencias en salud en función de la pertenencia a una etnia originaria chilena en la región de Arica y Parinacota. Se trata de unas de las primeras investigaciones en Chile y en Sudamérica que analizan esta dimensión en el proceso de envejecimiento. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo y transversal. La muestra está conformada por 493 personas mayores chilenas que residen en el extremo norte de Chile. La aplicación del cuestionario se realizó a través de entrevista personal. El estudio fue realizado en zona urbana y zonas rurales, incluyendo poblados del altiplano chileno. Se aplicaron escalas internacionalmente reconocidas en la investigación geriátrica para medir la presencia de síntomas de deterioro en salud, dependencia y depresión. Los resultados obtenidos en el análisis de datos muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas en depresión y salud en función de la pertenecía étnica, estableciendo una desventaja para las personas mayores indígenas. Los hallazgos confirman la heterogeneidad del proceso de envejecimiento y la relevancia de los aspectos culturales a través de la pertenecía a una etnia originaria. Para el campo de las ciencias sociales este estudio confirma la necesidad de realizar intervenciones gerontológicas contextualizadas que discriminen positivamente a los grupos en riesgo social.

scholarly journals Breakfast Characterization and Consumption by Low-Income Brazilians: Food Identity and Regional Food

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janice Ramos de Sousa ◽  
Rita de Cássia C.A. Akutsu ◽  
Renata Puppin Zandonadi ◽  
Raquel B. A. Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Standard Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugar ◽  
Regional Food ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Identity Markers ◽  
Food Identity

The study aimed to evaluate the breakfast (BF) of the Brazilian low-income population, analyzing cultural aspects, such as the habit of consuming regional foods and the BF food identity markers. This cross-sectional study used a sample of 1872 low-income Brazilians. For the food consumption analysis, three 24–hour dietary recalls were used. For the qualitative analysis of the BF, we used three classifications: standard, full, partial, and without BF. Also, BF was considered as regional when at least one regional food (contained in a predefined list of regional foods) was consumed. For the analysis of BF's food identity markers, we evaluated all food groups and their frequencies. Of the 5616 possible BF meals available for the three days of consumption, 17.3% were skipped, a low percentage. A total of 4642 BF examples were analyzed. Standard type BF was prevalent in all regions, and full BF was rarely consumed by participants. Women during the weekend skipped BF less often. Out of all five Brazilian regions, the ones with the highest consumption of regional foods were the Midwest (46.6%) and the South (45.9%). The highest frequency of consumed foods in BF were coffee with cow’s milk (or milk with coffee), added sugar, bread, and margarine, indicating that these are the identity markers of BF in the studied sample. Considering that the percentage of standard type BF was very high and that the consumption of added sugar and margarine was accentuated, actions to stimulate the intake of fresh fruits and foods in all meals are necessary, especially in the first meal of the day. There is a need for new proposals for actions and programs with the purpose of expanding access to healthy and adequate regional foods, especially to low-income families.

scholarly journals Contraceptive use among migrant, second-generation migrant and non-migrant women seeking abortion care: a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Emtell Iwarsson ◽  
Elin C Larsson ◽  
Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson ◽  
Birgitta Essén ◽  
Marie Klingberg-Allvin
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Induced Abortion ◽  
Migrant Women ◽  
Women Migrants ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abortion Care ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
Second Generation Migrants

IntroductionThe objective of this study was to compare ever-in life contraception use, use of contraception at current conception, and planned use of contraception after an induced abortion, among three groups of women: migrants, second-generation migrants and non-migrant women, and to compare the types of contraception methods used and intended for future use among the three groups of women.MethodsThe cross-sectional study administered a questionnaire face-to-face to women aged 18 years and older who were seeking abortion care at one of six abortion clinics in Stockholm County from January to April 2015.ResultsThe analysis included 637 women. Migrants and second-generation migrants were less likely to have used contraception historically, at the time of the current conception, and to plan to use contraception after their induced abortion compared with non-migrant women. Historically, non-migrants had used pills (89%) and withdrawal (24%) while migrants had used the copper intrauterine device (24%) to a higher extent compared to the other two groups of women. Both the migrants (65%) and second-generation migrants (61%) were more likely than the non-migrants (48%) to be planning to use long-acting reversible contraception.ConclusionsLower proportions of contraception use were found in migrants and second-generation migrants than in non-migrants. In addition, there were significant differences in the types of contraception methods used historically and intended for future use.

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