Science, Technology and the Large Corporation

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Wilks
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
The Core ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Future Society ◽  
Political Differences

ECONOMIC HISTORY IS FAR REMOVED FROM PRECISE SCIENCE and cannot offer an unambiguous explanation of the initiation, pace and causes of rapid industrial growth. Nevertheless, few economic historians would disagree that the pattern of growth is not random; and that in evaluating it, technological innovation must be a central element.The landmarks of industrial development are conventionally thought of in terms of science and technology. From the adoption of the stirrup and the plough, which heralded the feudal age in Europe; to the spread of the silicon chip and the microprocessor, which lie at the core of the emergent IT economy, the development of society can be charted in terms of technological change. And just as the analysis of technological change has become one of the dominant tools of the economic historian, so ‘futurology’ is centred around trajectories of innovation. Over the next century changes are projected which are just as profound as those experienced since 1890. The world of 2090 will be different, and while the fundamental political differences may be unpredictable, there is a presumption that it will be technologically very different from the present. It is appropriate that popular speculation about future society is termed not ‘future fiction’ but ‘science fiction’.

scholarly journals Optimistic Fiction as a Tool for Ethical Reflection in STEM

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Strong Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Stem Education ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Ethical Reflection ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Ethics Guidelines

AbstractGreater emphasis on ethical issues is needed in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education. The fiction for specific purposes (FSP) approach, using optimistic science fiction texts, offers a way to focus on ethical reflection that capitalizes on role models rather than negative examples. This article discusses the benefits of using FSP in STEM education more broadly, and then explains how using optimistic fictions in particular encourages students to think in ethically constructive ways. Using examples of science fiction texts with hopeful perspectives, example discussion questions are given to model how to help keep students focused on the ethical issues in a text. Sample writing prompts to elicit ethical reflection are also provided as models of how to guide students to contemplate and analyze ethical issues that are important in their field of study. The article concludes that the use of optimistic fictions, framed through the lens of professional ethics guidelines and reinforced through ethical reflection, can help students to have beneficial ethical models.

scholarly journals I, Librarian

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilda Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Font Size ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Society ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Way

<span>The fast and continuous technological change that is characteristic of the information society we find ourselves in has demonstrable impact on the way librarians go about their business. This paper offers a scenario of technological changes already in the pipeline and yet to come, and how those changes will impact the role of librarians in the future. One of the main concerns of this paper is the continued relevance of information professionals as infomediaries in our future society.</span><div><span style="color: #303030; font-family: 'Helvetica Neue', arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px;"><br /></span></div>

Measuring Embodies Technological Change in Indonesian Textiles: The Core-Machinery Approach

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-177
Author(s):  
A. Szirmai ◽  
M.P. Timmer ◽  
R. van der Kamp
Keyword(s):  
Technological Change ◽  
The Core

Private Enterprise Development in a One-Party Autocratic State: The Case of Alibaba Group in China’s E-Commerce

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850001
Author(s):  
FU LAI TONY YU
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Party Members ◽  
Private Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

This study attempts to explain China’s industrial development with special reference to e-commerce. It argues that in a one-party autocratic regime such as China, the collaboration between government officials and private entrepreneurs in strategic industries can promote industrial growth. Since Internet can jeopardize communist party’s goal of maintaining cohesiveness and absolute political power, the Chinese government has imposed surveillance on private operation in all IT operations. Specifically, in e-commerce industry, through collaborations with private enterprises, the communist party can “kill two birds in one arrow.” On the one hand, party members are able to preserve national security and maintain social and financial stability by closely monitoring the private enterprise operation. Moreover, party members can seize tangible and non-tangible benefits from the growth in e-commerce firms. On the other hand, private e-commerce enterprises, by building close connection with public officials and senior party members, can obtain strong support from the government, and thus boosting its business growth. This argument is applied to explain the miraculous growth of Alibaba Group, a private e-commerce enterprise in China. In particular, the paper attempts to show the relationship between the Chinese government and the private entrepreneur in the e-business development and how their collaboration enhances growth in the Internet market.

scholarly journals Adaptation of the Core CDIO Standards 3.0 to STEM Higher Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
A. I. Chuchalin
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Higher Education ◽  
Engineering Education ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
High Tech ◽  
The Core ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Postgraduate Studies ◽  
Systematic Training ◽  
And Mathematics

It is proposed to adapt the new version of the internationally recognized standards for engineering education the Core CDIO Standards 3.0 to the programs of basic higher education in the field of technology, natural and applied sciences, as well as mathematics and computer science in the context of the evolution of STEM. The adaptation of the CDIO standards to STEM higher education creates incentives and contributes to the systematic training of specialists of different professions for coordinated teamwork in the development of high-tech products, as well as in the provision of comprehensive STEM services. Optional CDIO Standards are analyzed, which can be used selectively in STEM higher education. Adaptation of the CDIO-FCDI-FFCD triad to undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate studies in the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics is considered as a mean for improving the system of three-cycle STEM higher education.

scholarly journals Education for Sustainability: Developing Ecocritical Literature Circles in the Student Teacher Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Lykke Guanio-Uluru
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Student Teachers ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Literature Circles ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Education For Sustainability ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Core ◽  
Literature Circle

Abstract How can student-teachers learn efficient ways to encourage sustainability thinking in their pupils and fulfil the competence aims on sustainability outlined in national subject curriculums as a response to UNESCO’s programme on Education for Sustainable Development, ESD? The core hypothesis of this project was that tailored literature circles, focused on the ecocritical aspects of literary texts, would make student-teachers aware of how they can use literature as a process to reflect on sustainability. This would enable them to incorporate sustainability thinking into their own teaching practices. The project’s tailoring of the standard literature circle roles (Daniels 1994, 2002, 2006) involved the design of reading roles that highlighted ecocritical and generic aspects of the studied texts and the application of an analytical matrix developed by literary scholars researching the representation of nature in children’s and young adult literature. This article presents the results of a small-scale study testing the ecocritical literature circles approach and its impact on student-teachers’ conception of their own ability to meet the competence aims on sustainability in their teaching. The intervention included lectures on ecocriticism and on the posthuman debate prior to the literature circles and student feedback through pre- and post-circle questionnaires. It was implemented in the teacher-training classroom, working with dystopian science fiction texts for young adults. These texts present the reader with visions of the future. The study showed that the ecocritical literature circles, and in particular the ecocritical reading roles, were considered useful by the participating student-teachers. The participants also reported a significant increase in confidence relative to their own ability to discuss sustainability issues with their pupils.

Innovation and technological change in South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 466-488
Author(s):  
Erika Kraemer-Mbula ◽  
Rasigan Maharajh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Technological Change ◽  
South African ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation ◽  
Radical Transformation

This chapter explores the main achievements and remaining challenges in the governance of the South African science, technology, and innovation (STI) system. While reflecting on the inherited features from the apartheid period, it focuses on the period between the two White Papers in 1996 and 2019. The chapter discusses the main shifts in policy emphasis (intents) of these two policy/institutional developments and connects them to the STI system performance and its measurement. It shows that the drastic shift in policy orientation towards addressing social imperatives and the quantitative improvements in the STI outputs since 1994, have not materialized in a radical transformation of the economy or the social relations inherited from apartheid. The chapter argues that the assessment of the STI system needs to be expanded through an evolutionary lens in order to activate the needed systemic transformations.

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