Biodiversity Impacts of Some Agricultural Commodity Production Systems

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Donald
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Commodity Production

Globalization, Agriculture, and Rural Social Change in Japan

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
R A Jussaume
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Agrarian Sector ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Agricultural Production System ◽  
Increased Activity

Increasingly, globalization is being used to conceptualize ongoing transformations in agrofood production systems. One focus is to understand how globalization expresses itself at the local level. In this paper I contribute to the examination of this issue by analyzing how Japan's agrarian sector is being altered as a consequence of increased activity on the part of transnational corporations. By doing so, I address the question of whether Japan's national agricultural production system is being globalized, despite its comparatively unique agrarian history and Japan's role in the global agrofood trading system as a major food importing, rather than an exporting, nation. The evidence presented demonstrates that transnational firms are beginning to expand their presence in Japanese agricultural commodity production. As these are transnational firms, and as the result of this process is to force Japanese agriculture to compete against foreign agricultures for its ‘home’ market, it is argued that this process indicates that Japanese agriculture is being globalized, although in a manner that does reflect an adaptation to local conditions.

scholarly journals Broadening the Perspective of Zero-Deforestation Interventions in Peru by Incorporating Concepts from the Global Value Chain Literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12138
Author(s):  
Augusto Carlos Castro-Nunez ◽  
Ma. Eliza J. Villarino ◽  
Vincent Bax ◽  
Raphael Ganzenmüller ◽  
Wendy Francesconi
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Spatial Associations ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
High Degree

Global narratives around the links between deforestation and agricultural commodity production have led to the application of voluntary zero-deforestation agreements between companies, governments, and civil society. The continued tropical deforestation warrants a re-examination of this approach in order to customize its application for a particular location. Our paper contributes to this by exploring the spatial associations between deforestation and the production of cacao, coffee, and oil palm in the Amazon region in Peru. The geographical overlaps between deforestation, and the distribution of these commodity crops, indicate four types of spatial associations: (1) a high degree of deforestation and a high degree of commodity production (high-high); (2) a high degree of deforestation and a low degree of commodity production (high-low); (3) a low degree of deforestation and a high degree of commodity production (low-high); and (4) a low degree of deforestation and a low degree of commodity production (low-low). On the basis of these associations, we present four scenarios in which zero-deforestation supply chain interventions may operate in Peru and argue that broadening the perspective of such interventions by adopting a global value chain lens can improve the use of previously deforested lands, prevent unintended or future deforestation and, in turn, ensure that no forest area is left behind.

scholarly journals Rynek mięsa w Polsce w dobie koronawirusa SARS-Cov-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 20(35) (3) ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Robert Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
African Swine Fever ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Polish Economy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Meat Market

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of SARS-CoV-2 virus on the meat market in Poland. The meat market is an important part of the Polish economy. Production of slaughter animals (pork, beef and poultry) accounts for over 1/3 of agricultural commodity production, and the meat industry (red meat and poultry) is the largest branch of food processing. The COVID-19 pandemic, which also reached Poland, did not significantly shake this market. A sign of the introduced restrictions in social and economic life was a short-term massive purchase of food with an extended shelf life. Lockdown slightly changed the eating and shopping habits of Poles. In the first half of 2020, exports of beef and poultry decreased by 3-5%, and exports of pork decreased by 28% compared to the first half of 2019. The meat market continued to struggle with African Swine Fever (ASF) and, in addition, with bird flu. The HoReCa segment was the most affected part of the market.

scholarly journals Peanut Production in Systems Restricting Use of Pesticides Based on Carcinogenicity or Leachability1

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. K. Kvien ◽  
A. K. Culbreath ◽  
J. W. Wilcut ◽  
S. L. Brown ◽  
D. K. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Commodity Price ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Leaching Potential ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
System A ◽  
Peanut Production ◽  
Production Strategy

Abstract This research was conducted to determine the short-term impact of potential broad sweeping changes in pesticide registrations on peanut production and to compare and improve pest management systems for peanuts. In this research, detailed records on production inputs and returns were kept to access the short-term economic impact of each of six production systems differing in pesticide use. The preventative management strategy required additional pesticide inputs and averaged $180 per hectare less return when compared to the non-restrictive IPM program. When non-restrictive IPM programs were compared to IPM systems that eliminated carcinogens, return to management per hectare declined $1010 and $516 for the cultivars Florunner and Southern Runner respectively. The exclusion of the fungicide chlorothalonil was the primary reason for this loss in revenue. Elimination of compounds most likely to leach, based on their relative leaching potential, had minimal impact on peanut production. All test locations had low nematode pressures. The organic production strategy had the highest pre-harvest variable costs, due to the high input of hand labor required for weeding. To produce returns similar to an unrestricted IPM system, a raw agricultural commodity price 1.95 times that of the IPM system would have to be offered to organic growers.

Muqdisho in the Nineteenth Century: A Regional Perspective

1983 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward A. Alpers
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Urban Culture ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Merchant Capital ◽  
The Town

During the nineteenth century Muqdisho experienced a significant revival in its fortunes after several centuries of gradual decline from its medieval heyday. While it remained on the periphery of the Omani empire on the coast of East Africa, steady commercial penetration of Indian merchant capital based at Zanzibar inexorably drew the entire Benaadir coast into the Omani orbit. Massive infusions of slave labour transformed agricultural commodity production in the Benaadir hinterland and created a new basis for ruling-class collaboration between town and country. At Muqdisho these external factors intertwined with established internal rivalries which were based on moiety competition and the traditional search for supporting alliances in the hinterland. The end result of this complex process was increased competition and tension between the town moieties that affected both the spatial segregation of the two quarters and enabled first Omani Zanzibar and then Italy to insinuate themselves into a dominant mediating position within the urban community. At the end of the century the urban culture of Muqdisho had also been influenced by the incorporation of a large slave population. While all of these changes indicate that Muqdisho was integrally a part of the wider coastal region of East Africa, other cultural evidence establishes no less that it was still uniquely Soomaali within that context.

scholarly journals Pricing Benefit Externalities of Soil Carbon Sequestration in Multifunctional Agriculture

2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 491-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason G. Hartell
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Mathematical Programming ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Public Good ◽  
Multifunctional Agriculture ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
No Till ◽  
Valuation Process

“Multifunctionality” emphasizes the benefit externality properties of nonfood products that coincide with agricultural commodity production, some of which also have public-good properties. However, determining the willingness to pay for local benefit externalities is seen as necessary but daunting. This paper pursues the idea that the valuation process might first start by estimating the incentives required to supply various levels of a benefit externality. With the use of carbon sequestration through the adoption of no-till cultivation as an example of a multifunctional benefit externality, mathematical programming is used to derive representative price schedules. The implication for incentive prices are examined in light of risk aversion.

scholarly journals Modern transformations in small-scale agricultural commodity production in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Mishenin ◽  
◽  
V. Valentynov ◽  
O. Maslak ◽  
I. Koblianska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Commodity Production
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