The Sterol Composition of Trypanosoma cruzi Changes After Growth in Different Culture Media and Results in Different Sensitivity to Digitonin-Permeabilization

2001 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 588-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLAUDIA O. RODRIGUES ◽  
ROSANA CATISTI ◽  
SERGIO A. UYEMURA ◽  
ANIBAL E. VERCESI ◽  
RENEE LIRA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Digitonin Permeabilization

Fetal bovine serum induces changes in fatty acid composition ofTrypanosoma cruziphosphoinositides

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 951-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Racagni ◽  
M. G. de Lema ◽  
G. Hernández ◽  
E. E. Machado-Domenech
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Fetal Bovine Serum ◽  
Fetal Bovine

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a necessary constituent of the culture media employed to foster the growth of Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigote forms. In different laboratories, the serum is used at final concentrations of 5 or 10%. We have normally supplemented the complex medium with 10% FBS. Under this condition we have described the fatty acid composition of the total lipids and of the phosphoinositide fractions. Additionally, we have reported the increase of polyphosphoinositides and phosphatidic acid after cholinergic stimulation. Since further attempts to reproduce these results with 5% FBS in the culture medium were not successful, the effect of the FBS concentration on the fatty acid composition of phospholipids from the T. cruzi epimastigote forms was thoroughly examined. This work showed that when the FBS concentration supplementing the culture medium was reduced from 10 to 5%, the fatty acid composition of the phosphoinositides was altered while the other major phospholipids were not significantly affected. The most relevant result was the decrease in the content of linoleic acid (18:2) and the increase of palmitoleic acid (16:1) in phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylinositol phosphate also exhibited similar changes in the same fatty acids. The C2fatty acid composition of the phosphoinositides, under the same conditions, is also reported here for the first time.Key words: Trypanosoma cruzi, fatty acids, phosphoinositides, fetal bovine serum, phospholipids.

scholarly journals Usefulness of serology for the evaluation of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in endemic areas of Chagas' disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Chuit ◽  
Elisabet Subias ◽  
Analia C. Pérez ◽  
Irene Paulone ◽  
Cristina Wisnivesky-Colli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
History Of

Thirteen communities from 7 Argentinian provinces were selected for the evaluation of serology as an indicator of transmission of Chagas disease. Of the communities appraised, 6 did not have a history of previous treatment with insecticides and 7 had received sporadic or continuous insecticide treatment. The inhabitants of 20% of the houses of each locality were studied by serology. The samples were obtained byfinger pricking and 50 fil of blood were mixed with 150μl of 50% glycerine solution in tissue culture media to be assayed by Indirect Hemagglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence tests. In untreated areas, the prevalence of infection in infants 0-4 years old was 17.5%, reaching to over 22% for the 5-9 year old group, and to 33.3% in 10-14 year old individuals. The prevalence in treated and surveyed areas was 2.6% in 0-4 year old children, 5.4% in 5-9 year old and 6,2% in 10-14 year old youngsters. The differences between both areas were statistically significant (p < 0.005). This study favors serology as a valid indicator for the evaluation of transmission of Chagas disease in rural areas.

Sterol composition and biosynthesis in Trypanosoma cruzi amastigotes

1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreı́na Liendo ◽  
Gonzalo Visbal ◽  
Marta M. Piras ◽  
Romano Piras ◽  
Julio A. Urbina
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Sterol Composition

A survey of culture media of Trypanosoma cruzi amastigote forms from infected Vero cells

Chemosphere ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 1743-1748 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Velasco ◽  
F.J. Adroher ◽  
A. Osuna
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Vero Cells

Trypanosoma cruzi: separation of broad and slender trypomastigotes using a continuous hypaque gradient

Parasitology ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Schmatz ◽  
R. C. Boltz ◽  
P. K. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Separation Procedure ◽  
Continuous Gradient ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Mixed Populations

SUMMARYTrypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes occur as a mixture of morphologically distinct forms in natural and experimental infections. We have been able to separate mixed populations into slender and broad forms using a continuous gradient composed of 12·5–25·0% hypaque in culture media. Previously, comparisons could only be made by using various strains of T. cruzi which show a predominance of either form. This separation procedure gave recoveries of 88–98% and had no effect on the viability of the parasites. Infectivity studies showed that slender forms were much more infectious to cultured muscle cells than were broad forms. However, studies with macrophages from CFW mice showed both forms to be equally capable of infection. It is concluded that the mechanism by which each form infects host cells is different; slender forms being capable of infecting both by penetration and by phagocytosis, while broad forms are only capable of infecting through phagocytosis.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi Affects Rhodnius prolixus Lipid Metabolism During Acute Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Géssica Sousa ◽  
Stephanie Serafim de Carvalho ◽  
Georgia Correa Atella
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Fat Body ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Sterol Composition ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
Lipid Classes ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Interaction Field

The interaction between Rhodnius prolixus and Trypanosoma cruzi has huge medical importance because it responds to the transmission of Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that affects about eight million people worldwide. It is known that trypanosomatid pathogens depend on active lipid endocytosis from the insect host to meet growth and differentiation requirements. However, until now, knowledge on how the parasite affects the lipid physiology of individual insect organs was largely unknown. Herein, the biochemical and molecular dynamics of the triatomine R. prolixus lipid metabolism in response to T. cruzi acute infection were investigated. A qRT-PCR approach was used to determine the expression profile of 12 protein-coding genes involved in R. prolixus lipid physiology. In addition, microscopic and biochemical assays revealed the lipid droplet profile and the levels of the different identified lipid classes. Finally, spectrometry analyses were used to determine fatty acid and sterol composition and their modulation towards the infection. T. cruzi infection downregulated the transcript levels of protein-coding genes for lipid biosynthetic and degrading pathways in individual triatomine organs. On the other hand, upregulation of lipid receptor transcripts indicates an attempt to capture more lipids from hemolymphatic lipoproteins. Consequently, several lipid classes (such as monoacylglycerol, diacylglycerol, triacylglycerol, cholesteryl ester, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine) were involved in the response to the parasite challenge, although modulating only the insect fat body. T. cruzi never leaves the insect gut and yet it modulates non-infected tissues, suggesting that the association between the parasite and the vector organs is reached by cell signaling molecules. This hypothesis raises several intriguing issues to inspire future studies in the parasite-vector interaction field.

scholarly journals Methylene blue vital staining for Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes and epimastigotes

2006 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 347-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio S. Ferreira ◽  
Rita C. Bezerra ◽  
Ariadne A. Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Morphological Identification

The morphological identification of Trypanosoma cruzi is currently considered to have a high specificity, but its sensitivity, which depends on the volume of the sample examined, is rather low. Trypanosome developmental stages suspended in blood, reduviid feces, and culture media are routinely searched for by means of fresh film examination (about 2 µL). High speed centrifugation of blood samples separates the buffy coat, where most trypomastigotes concentrate. As the parasites are transparent and colorless, their detection is mostly dependent on their motility. The fluorescent vital stain acridine orange has been used to enhance image contrast, as exemplified by the QBC (Quantitative Buffy Coat) technique. Staining blood, buffy coat, reduviid feces, and culture media samples with methylene blue (also a vital dye) is a means of producing sharp, well contrasted images of motile or non-motile T. cruzi developmental stages, only standard laboratory microscopes being required. Slides previously coated with a thin layer of methylene blue are used to stain fresh blood films. Photomicrographs exemplify the results of methylene blue staining applied to living and fixed parasites.

scholarly journals The Fungal Microbiota of the Digestive Tract of the Chagas Disease Vectors Triatoma infestans Klug, 1834 and Panstrongylus megistus Burmeister, 1835

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Ingrid dos Santos da Silva ◽  
Mônica de França Guedelha ◽  
Cíntia Alves da Silva ◽  
Lara Cristina Santos ◽  
Angela Cristina Verissimo Junqueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Triatoma Infestans ◽  
Nymphal Stage ◽  
Panstrongylus Megistus ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Fungal Microbiota

Chagas is a neglected disease, one of Brazil’s main medical and social problems and a serious public health problem in the Americas, with more recent occurrences in non-endemic countries outside of the Americas. Research into the microbiota of triatomines is relevant because of its potential role in vector competence and as a proposed biological control strategy. Stressing a possible insect-fungal interaction in the development of Trypanosoma cruzi, and considering the lack of studies on the subject, we analyzed the fungal microbiota of the digestive tract of two species considered important vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi: Triatoma infestans and Panstrongylus megistus. Specimens were dissected, digestive tracts macerated and contents serially diluted. Each aliquot was seeded in three culture media. The plates were incubated in type B.O.D. climate chambers for 21 days, after which isolated colonies were morphological characterized and identified. There have been few published studies on the fungal microbiota of the triatomine digestive tract. Comparing the results found here with existing data reveals that the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium are commonly found in the digestive tract of the studied triatomines. Among the several genera identified, the species found in the highest percentages were Aspergillus flavus, Paecilomyces variotii, Penicillium waksmanii, Penicillium raistrickii and Penicillium fellutanum. Quantitative differences in the number of isolated fungal strains were observed according to sex and nymphal stage of the vector. The present findings corroborate those found in the literature, showing that there is a natural fungal microbiota in triatomines. Data revealing quantitative differences in isolated fungal strains found in male, female and nymphs reinforce the idea that their presence is related to physiology and fasting resistance. The secondary metabolite-producing fungi isolated in this work have in their biology great potential to be tested with regard to the establishment of T. cruzi in the digestive tract of its vector.

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