Correlates of regular exercise during pregnancy: the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

ABSTRACTOBJECTIVETo examine the association between maternal and child gluten intake and risk of type 1 diabetes in children.DESIGNPregnancy cohortSETTINGPopulation-based, nation-wide study in NorwayPARTICIPANTS86,306 children in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study born from 1999 through 2009, followed to April 15, 2018.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESClinical type 1 diabetes, ascertained in a nation-wide childhood diabetes registry. Hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression for the exposures maternal gluten intake up to week 22 of pregnancy and child’s gluten intake when the child was 18 months old.RESULTSDuring a mean follow-up of 12.3 years (range 0.7-16.0), 346 children (0.4%) developed type 1 diabetes (incidence rate 32.6 per 100,000 person-years). The average gluten intake was 13.6 grams/day for mothers during pregnancy, and 8.8 grams/day for the child at 18 months of age. Maternal gluten intake in mid-pregnancy was not associated with the development of type 1 diabetes in the child (adjusted hazard ratio 1.02 (95% confidence interval 0.73 to 1.43) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). However, the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age was associated with an increased risk of later developing type 1 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.46 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.01) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake).CONCLUSIONSThis study suggests that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age, and not the maternal intake during pregnancy, could increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in the child.WHAT IS ALREADY KNOWN ON THIS TOPICA national prospective cohort study from Denmark found that a high maternal gluten intake during pregnancy could increase the risk of type 1 diabetes in the offspring (adjusted hazard ratio 1.31 (95% confidence interval 1.001 to 1.72) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). No studies have investigated the relation between the amount of gluten intake by both the mother during pregnancy and the child in early life and risk of developing type 1 diabetes in childhood.WHAT THIS STUDY ADDSIn this prospective population-based pregnancy cohort with 86,306 children of whom 346 developed type 1 diabetes we found that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age was associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio 1.46 (95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.01) per 10 grams/day increase in gluten intake). This study suggests that the child’s gluten intake at 18 months of age, and not the maternal intake during pregnancy, could increase the child’s risk of type 1 diabetes.

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Delivery by Cesarean Section and Early Childhood Respiratory Symptoms and Disorders: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/aje/kwr242 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 174 (11) ◽

pp. 1275-1285 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

M. C. Magnus ◽

S. E. Haberg ◽

H. Stigum ◽

P. Nafstad ◽

S. J. London ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Childhood ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Cesarean Section ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Mother And Child

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Patterns of maternal feeding and child eating associated with eating disorders in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

Eating Behaviors ◽

10.1016/j.eatbeh.2009.09.004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 54-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Lauren Reba-Harrelson ◽

Ann Von Holle ◽

Robert M. Hamer ◽

Leila Torgersen ◽

Ted Reichborn-Kjennerud ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Eating Disorders ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Child Eating

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Efficacy of Regular Exercise During Pregnancy on the Prevention of Postpartum Depression

JAMA Network Open ◽

10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2018.6861 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. e186861 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carolina de Vargas Nunes Coll ◽

Marlos Rodrigues Domingues ◽

Alan Stein ◽

Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva ◽

Diego Garcia Bassani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Postpartum Depression ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Exercise During Pregnancy

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Maternal seafood consumption and infant birth weight, length and head circumference in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114511003047 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 107 (3) ◽

pp. 436-444 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Anne Lise Brantsæter ◽

Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir ◽

Helle Margrete Meltzer ◽

Helen Engelstad Kvalem ◽

Jan Alexander ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Head Circumference ◽

Birth Size ◽

Seafood Consumption ◽

Birth Registry ◽

Negatively Associated ◽

Lean Fish ◽

Mother And Child ◽

Infant Birth

Results from previous studies on associations between maternal fish and seafood intakes and fetal growth are inconclusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate how maternal intakes of seafood, subtypes of seafood and supplementary n-3 fatty acids were associated with infant birth weight, length and head circumference in a prospective study in Norway. The study population included 62 099 participants in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. The mothers answered an FFQ in mid pregnancy. The FFQ comprised detailed questions about intake of various seafood items and n-3 supplements. Data on infant birth weight, length and head circumference were obtained from the Medical Birth Registry. We used multivariable regression to examine how total seafood, various seafood subtypes and supplementary n-3 intakes were associated with birth size measures. Total seafood intake was positively associated with birth weight and head circumference. Lean fish was positively associated with all birth size measures; shellfish was positively associated with birth weight, while fatty fish was not associated with any birth size measures. Intake of supplementary n-3 was negatively associated with head circumference. The relative risk of giving birth to a small baby ( < 2500 g) in full-term pregnancies was significantly lower in women who consumed >60 g/d of seafood than in women who consumed ≤ 5 g/d (OR = 0·56 (95 % CI 0·35, 0·88). In conclusion, maternal seafood consumption was positively associated with birth size, driven by lean fish intake, while supplementary n-3 intake was negatively associated with infant head circumference.

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