scholarly journals Delivery by Cesarean Section and Early Childhood Respiratory Symptoms and Disorders: The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 174 (11) ◽  
pp. 1275-1285 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Magnus ◽  
S. E. Haberg ◽  
H. Stigum ◽  
P. Nafstad ◽  
S. J. London ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Mother And Child

scholarly journals Pregnancy exposure to air pollution and early childhood respiratory health in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. e015796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Madsen ◽  
Siri Eldevik Haberg ◽  
Maria C Magnus ◽  
Geir Aamodt ◽  
Hein Stigum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Adjusted Risk Ratio ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Pollution Exposure

ObjectivesIt is unclear whether maternal air pollution exposure during pregnancy induces changes in the developing respiratory system of a child and whether it has consequences for respiratory health in early childhood. We investigated associations between exposure to moderate levels of air pollution during pregnancy and early childhood lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) and wheezing.MethodsThis study used a subgroup of 17 533 participants in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study. Air pollution levels at residential addresses were estimated using land use regression models, and back-extrapolated to the period of each pregnancy. Information on LRTI and wheezing and lifestyle factors was collected from questionnaires completed by mothers during pregnancy and when the child was 6 and 18 months of age.ResultsModerate mean levels of NO2(13.6 µg/m3, range 0.01–60.4) exposure at residential address during pregnancy were not statistically associated with LRTI and wheezing. No association was found per 10 µg/m3change in NO2exposure and LRTI before the age of 6 months (adjusted risk ratio (RR) 0.99; 95% CI 0.84 to 1.17), or between 6 and 18 months of age (adjusted RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.16). Similarly, we found no association per 10 µg/m3change in NO2exposure and wheezing between 6 and 18 months of age (adjusted RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.97 to 1.07).ConclusionsThere were no statistically significant associations for moderate levels of pregnancy NO2exposure and respiratory health outcomes during early childhood in overall analyses.

Do type of childcare and age of entry predict behavior problems during early childhood? Results from a large Norwegian longitudinal study

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratib Lekhal
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Age Of Entry ◽  
Children’S Behavior Problems

Associations between type and age of entry into Norwegian universally-accessible childcare and children’s behavior problems at age 3 years were examined in this study. Data from 73,068 children in the large population-based, prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were used, and included information about childcare arrangements, behavior problems, and a variety of covariates. The results provided little support for childcare being related to children’s behavior problems at age 3 years when controlling for covariates. In fact, previous research has indicated that children may benefit from Norway’s childcare in other areas, such as language development. Results are discussed in relation to differences in countries' early childhood policies as a possible factor explaining discrepancies across studies.

scholarly journals Airborne occupational exposures and the risk of developing respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in the Lifelines Cohort Study

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2020-216721
Author(s):  
Md Omar Faruque ◽  
H Marike Boezen ◽  
Hans Kromhout ◽  
Roel Vermeulen ◽  
Ute Bültmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Occupational Exposures ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Pesticides Exposure

ObjectivesTo date, only a few studies have investigated the associations between occupational exposures and respiratory outcomes longitudinally in the general population. We investigated the associations between occupational exposures and the development of respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction in the Lifelines Cohort Study.MethodsWe included 35 739 occupationally active subjects with data on chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis or airway obstruction at baseline and approximately 4.5 years follow-up. Exposures to biological dust, mineral dust, gases/fumes, pesticides, solvents and metals in the current job at baseline were estimated with the ALOHA+job-exposure matrix (JEM). Airway obstruction was defined as FEV1/FVC below the lower limit of normal. Logistic regression analysis adjusted for baseline covariates was used to investigate the associations.ResultsAt follow-up, 1888 (6.0%), 1495 (4.7%), 710 (2.5%) and 508 (4.5%) subjects had developed chronic cough, chronic phlegm, chronic bronchitis and airway obstruction, respectively. High exposure to biological dust was associated with a higher odds to develop chronic cough and chronic bronchitis. High exposure to pesticides was associated with a higher odds for the development of all respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction. In the multiple exposures analyses, only the association between pesticides exposure and respiratory symptoms remained.ConclusionsSubjects exposed to high pesticides had a higher odds to develop respiratory symptoms on average 4.5 years later. Control measures should be taken to reduce pesticides exposure among the working population to prevent respiratory symptoms and airway obstruction.

scholarly journals Comparison of adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians: a population-based retrospective cohort study in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zeng ◽  
Erica Erwin ◽  
Wendy Wen ◽  
Daniel J. Corsi ◽  
Shi Wu Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Adverse Perinatal Outcomes

Abstract Background Racial disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes have been studied in other countries, but little has been done for the Canadian population. In this study, we sought to examine the disparities in adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians in Ontario, Canada. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study that included all Asian and Caucasian women who attended a prenatal screening and resulted in a singleton birth in an Ontario hospital (April 1st, 2015-March 31st, 2017). Generalized estimating equation models were used to estimate the independent adjusted relative risks and adjusted risk difference of adverse perinatal outcomes for Asians compared with Caucasians. Results Among 237,293 eligible women, 31% were Asian and 69% were Caucasian. Asians were at an increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus, placental previa, early preterm birth (< 32 weeks), preterm birth, emergency cesarean section, 3rd and 4th degree perineal tears, low birth weight (< 2500 g, < 1500 g), small-for-gestational-age (<10th percentile, <3rd percentile), neonatal intensive care unit admission, and hyperbilirubinemia requiring treatment, but had lower risks of preeclampsia, macrosomia (birth weight > 4000 g), large-for-gestational-age neonates, 5-min Apgar score < 7, and arterial cord pH ≤7.1, as compared with Caucasians. No difference in risk of elective cesarean section was observed between Asians and Caucasians. Conclusion There are significant differences in several adverse perinatal outcomes between Asians and Caucasians. These differences should be taken into consideration for clinical practices due to the large Asian population in Canada.

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