Metabolic risk profile of schoolchildren and joint physical activity with an adult in the household: Multilevel analysis

The research aim was to investigate associations between objectively-assessed built environment attributes and metabolic risk in adolescents of Pacific Islands ethnicity, and to consider the possible mediating effect of physical activity and sedentary time. Youth (n = 204) undertook a suite of physical assessments including body composition, blood sampling, and blood pressure measurements, and seven day accelerometry. Objective measures of the neighbourhood built environment were generated around individual addresses. Logistic regression and linear modelling were used to assess associations between environment measures and metabolic health, accounting for physical activity behaviours. Higher pedestrian connectivity was associated with an increase in the chance of having any International Diabetes Federation metabolic risk factors for males only. Pedestrian connectivity was related to fat free mass in males in unadjusted analyses only. This study provides evidence for the importance of pedestrian network connectivity for health in adolescent males. Future research is required to expand the limited evidence in neighbourhood environments and adolescent metabolic health.

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Physical activity, sedentary time and their associations with clustered metabolic risk among people with type 2 diabetes in Jiangsu province: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027906 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. e027906

Author(s):

Yijia Chen ◽

Jie Yang ◽

Jian Su ◽

Yu Qin ◽

Chong Shen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Systolic Blood Pressure ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽

Jiangsu Province ◽

Metabolic Risk

ObjectiveInvestigating the association between total physical activity, physical activity in different domains and sedentary time with clustered metabolic risk in patients with type 2 diabetes from Jiangsu province, China.DesignInterview-based cross-sectional study conducted between December 2013 and January 2014.Setting44 selected townships across two cities, Changshu and Huai’an, in Jiangsu province.Participants20 340 participants selected using stratified cluster-randomised sampling and an interviewer-managed questionnaire.MethodsWe constructed clustered metabolic risk by summing sex-specific standardised values of waist circumference, fasting triacylglycerol, fasting plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure and the inverse of blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol). Self-reported total physical activity included occupation, commuting and leisure-time physical activity. The un-standardised regression coefficient [B] and its 95% CI were calculated using multivariate linear regression analyses.ResultsThis study included 17 750 type 2 diabetes patients (aged 21–94 years, 60.3% female). The total (B=−0.080; 95% CI: −0.114 to −0.046), occupational (B=−0.066; 95% CI: −0.101 to− 0.031) and leisure-time physical activity (B=−0.041; 95% CI: −0.075 to −0.007), and sedentary time (B=0.117; 95% CI: 0.083 to 0.151) were associated with clustered metabolic risk. Total physical activity, occupational physical activity and sedentary time were associated with waist circumference, triacylglycerol and HDL-cholesterol, but not with systolic blood pressure. Commuting physical activity and sedentary time were significantly associated with triacylglycerol (B=−0.012; 95% CI: −0.019 to −0.005) and fasting plasma glucose (B=0.008; 95% CI: 0.003 to 0.01), respectively. Leisure-time physical activity was only significantly associated with systolic blood pressure (B=−0.239; 95% CI: −0.542 to− 0.045).ConclusionsTotal, occupational and leisure-time physical activity were inversely associated with clustered metabolic risk, whereas sedentary time increased metabolic risk. Commuting physical activity was inversely associated with triacylglycerol. These findings suggest that increased physical activity in different domains and decreased sedentary time may have protective effects against metabolic risk in type 2 diabetes patients.

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Influence of Peripheral Artery Disease and Statin Therapy on Apolipoprotein Profiles

International Journal of Vascular Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/548764 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Andrew W. Gardner ◽

Petar Alaupovic ◽

Donald E. Parker ◽

Polly S. Montgomery ◽

Omar L. Esponda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Statin Therapy ◽

Peripheral Artery Disease ◽

Apolipoprotein B ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Risk Profile ◽

Peripheral Artery ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Plasma Apolipoprotein

Apolipoprotein B is a stronger predictor of myocardial infarction than LDL cholesterol, and it is inversely related to physical activity and modifiable with exercise training. As such, apolipoprotein measures may be of particular relevance for subjects with PAD and claudication. We compared plasma apolipoprotein profiles in 29 subjects with peripheral artery disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication and in 39 control subjects. Furthermore, we compared the plasma apolipoprotein profiles of subjects with PAD either treated (n=17) or untreated (n=12) with statin medications. For the apolipoprotein subparticle analyses, subjects with PAD had higher age-adjusted Lp-B:C (P<0.05) and lower values of Lp-A-I:A-II (P<0.05) than controls. The PAD group taking statins had lower age-adjusted values for apoB (P<0.05), Lp-A-II:B:C:D:E (P<0.05), Lp-B:E + Lp-B:C:E (P<0.05), Lp-B:C (P<0.05), and Lp-A-I (P<0.05) than the untreated PAD group. Subjects with PAD have impaired apolipoprotein profiles than controls, characterized by Lp-B:C and Lp-A-I:A-II. Furthermore, subjects with PAD on statin medications have a more favorable risk profile, particularly noted in multiple apolipoprotein subparticles. The efficacy of statin therapy to improve cardiovascular risk appears more evident in the apolipoprotein sub-particle profile than in the more traditional lipid profile of subjects with PAD and claudication. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.govNCT00618670.

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Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in Women

American Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009273 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 146 (4) ◽

pp. 322-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

M. A. Pols ◽

P. H. M. Peeters ◽

J. W. R. Twisk ◽

H. C. G. Kemper ◽

D. E. Grobbee

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Risk Profile

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Differences in Muscle and Adipose Tissue Gene Expression and Cardio-Metabolic Risk Factors in the Members of Physical Activity Discordant Twin Pairs

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0012609 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. e12609 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Tuija Leskinen ◽

Rita Rinnankoski-Tuikka ◽

Mirva Rintala ◽

Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso ◽

Eija Pöllänen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Metabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Adipose Tissue Gene Expression ◽

Tissue Gene Expression ◽

Discordant Twin

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Comparison of monounsaturated fat with carbohydrates as a replacement for saturated fat in subjects with a high metabolic risk profile: studies in the fasting and postprandial states

American Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1093/ajcn/86.5.1611 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 86 (6) ◽

pp. 1611-1620 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Lars Berglund ◽

Michael Lefevre ◽

Henry N Ginsberg ◽

Penny M Kris-Etherton ◽

Patricia J Elmer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saturated Fat ◽

Risk Profile ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Monounsaturated Fat

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Sedentary behavior moderates the relationship between physical activity and cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children

Translational Behavioral Medicine ◽

10.1093/tbm/ibab046 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jamil A Malik ◽

Jennifer Coto ◽

Elizabeth R Pulgaron ◽

Amber Daigre ◽

Janine E Sanchez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Low Income ◽

Latent Variables ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽

Metabolic Risk ◽

Latino Children

Abstract This study investigated the role of objectively measured moderate–vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior on cardiometabolic risk factors of young Latino children. We hypothesized that MVPA would be associated with lower cardiometabolic risk when sedentary behavior is low. We studied 86 primarily low-income, Latino children using a cross-sectional study design. The study sample consisted of 51 girls and 35 boys, with mean age 5.6 (SD = .53) years. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, anthropometric measures obtained, and fasting blood samples were used to measure cardiometabolic risk factors. Greater levels of sedentary behavior were associated with increased waist circumference (rs = .24, p < .05) and metabolic risks. MVPA, however, had significant beneficial associations with all cardiometabolic risk factors (rs-range = −.20 to −.45, p < .05) with the exception of plasma insulin. MVPA predicted latent variables representing anthropometric risk (β = −.57, p < .01), cardiac risk (β = −.74, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β = −.88, p < .01). Sedentary behavior significantly moderated the effect of MVPA on anthropometric (β-interaction = .49, p < .01), cardiac (β-interaction = .45, p < .01), and metabolic risk (β-interaction = .77, p < .01), such that more MVPA was associated with better health outcomes under conditions of lower sedentary behavior. The model explained 13%, 22%, and 45% variance in anthropometric, cardiac, and metabolic risk factors, respectively. Increased MVPA is associated with decreased cardiometabolic risk in young Latino children, particularly when sedentary behavior is low.

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