Effects of defoliation at different growth stages and in different grain-filling environments on the growth and yield of spring barley

1990 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. JENKYN ◽  
T. B. ANILKUMAR
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Quantitative Response of Maize Vcmax25 to Persistent Drought Stress at Different Growth Stages

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 1971
Author(s):  
Xingyang Song ◽  
Guangsheng Zhou ◽  
Qijin He ◽  
Huailin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Leaf Water Content ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Persistent Drought ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Drought stress has adverse effects on crop growth and yield, and its identification and monitoring play vital roles in precision crop water management. Accurately evaluating the effect of drought stress on crop photosynthetic capacity can provide a basis for decisions related to crop drought stress identification and monitoring as well as drought stress resistance and avoidance. In this study, the effects of different degrees of persistent drought in different growth stages (3rd leaf stage, 7th leaf stage and jointing stage) on the maximum carboxylation rate at a reference temperature of 25 °C (Vcmax25) of the first fully expanded leaf and its relationship to the leaf water content (LWC) were studied in a field experiment from 2013 to 2015. The results indicated that the LWC decreased continuously as drought stress continued and that the LWC decreased faster in the treatment with more irrigation. Vcmax25 showed a decreasing trend as the drought progressed but had no clear relationship to the growth stage in which the persistent drought occurred. Vcmax25 showed a significantly parabolic relationship (R2 = 0.701, p < 0.001) with the LWC, but the different degrees of persistent drought stress occurring in different growth stages had no distinct effect on the LWC values when Vcmax25 reached its maximum value or zero. The findings of this study also suggested that the LWC was 82.5 ± 0.5% when Vcmax25 reached its maximum value (42.6 ± 3.6 μmol m−2 s−1) and 67.6 ± 1.2% (extreme drought) when Vcmax25 reached zero. These findings will help to improve crop drought management and will be an important reference for crop drought identification, classification and monitoring as well as for the development of drought monitoring and early warning systems for other crops or maize varieties.

Impact of foliar-applied Hoagland’s nutrient solution on growth and yield of mash bean (Vigna mungo L.) under different growth stages

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (10) ◽  
pp. 1133-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasnain Waheed ◽  
Muhammad Mansoor Javaid ◽  
Adeel Shahid ◽  
Hafiz Haider Ali ◽  
Javaria Nargis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) cultivars under water Deficit at different growth stages

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdi A.A. Mousa ◽  
Adel D. Al Qurashi
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
King Abdulaziz University ◽  
Different Growth Stages

A field experiment was conducted in 2013 and 2014 at the Agriculture Experimental Station of King Abdulaziz University to study the effects of water deficit treatments at different growth stages on growth, yield and IWUE on cowpea cultivars. Four water deficit treatments were applied T0 (no water deficit), T1 (at vegetative stage), T2 (at flowering and pod setting), T3 (at pod filling), T4 (at vegetative and flowering) and T5 (at flowering and pod filling). The cultivars ‘Balady’ under water deficit T1, T3 and T4 and ‘Cream7’under T1 and T2 produced the highest yield component parameters except number of pods/plant. The highest yield of dry seeds kg/ha was produced by the cultivars ‘Cream7’ under water deficit T1 and T3 and ‘Balady’ under T2. ‘Cream7’ and ‘Balady’ revealed the highest irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) under water deficit T1, T2 and T4. High seed yield of ‘Balady and ‘Cream7’ can be obtained by applying water deficit at vegetative stage (T1).

scholarly journals Growth stage sensitivity of wheat to irrigation water salinity

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Mojid ◽  
MS Mia ◽  
AK Saha ◽  
SS Tabriz
Keyword(s):  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Booting Stage ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity

The effects of irrigation water salinity (12 dS m?1), imposed at maximum tillering (35?40 days after sowing, DAS) or booting (50?60 DAS) or grain filling (75?85 DAS) stage of wheat, on growth and yield of the crop was demonstrated. The experiment comprised four treatments – I1: irrigation by fresh water (FW) at all three growth stages (control), I2: irrigation by saline water (SW) at maximum tillering stage and by FW at other stages, I3: irrigation by SW at booting stage and by FW at other stages, and I4: irrigation by SW at grain filling stage and by FW at other stages. The experiment was set in a randomized complete block with three replications. Wheat was grown under three irrigations (each of 3 cm) and recommended fertilizer doses (120 kg N, 32 kg P, 62 kg K, 20 kg S, 3 kg Zn and 1 kg B ha?1). Salinity of irrigation water imposed, separately, at the three growth stages did not impart significant (p = 0.05) negative influence on plant height, spike density, spike length, spikelets and grains per spike and 1000-grain weight. It, however, significantly hindered leaf area index (LAI), above ground dry matter (ADM), grain and straw yields, grain-straw ratio and water productivity of the crop. The least grain (3.622 t ha?1) and straw (5.772 t ha?1) yields, LAI (1.24 and 2.18 at 50 and 70 DAS, respectively), ADM (0.80, 4.78 and 7.66 t ha?1) and water productivity (186.5 and 297.3 kg ha?1 cm?1) obtained under I3 implied that salinity of irrigation water imposed at booting stage exerted the maximum retarding effects on the growth and yield of wheat. Grain yield decreased by 13.4% in I3 over the control, I1. An increase in grain and biomass yields by 14.3 and 11.9%, respectively under I2 over I1 demonstrated a positive contribution of irrigation water salinity imposed at maximum tillering stage of wheat. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v11i1.18226 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 11(1): 147-152, 2013

Growth And Yield Response Of Maize To Nitrogen Application at Different Growth Stages

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1623-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Maqsood ◽  
Shakeel Ahmad ◽  
Aamir Ahmad ◽  
M. Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Different Growth Stages

scholarly journals Silicon Improves Maize Photosynthesis in Saline-Alkaline Soils

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiming Xie ◽  
Ri Song ◽  
Hongbo Shao ◽  
Fengbin Song ◽  
Hongwen Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Efficiency ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Alkaline Stress ◽  
Alkaline Soil ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Saline Alkaline Soils ◽  
Different Growth Stages ◽  
Maize Photosynthesis

The research aimed to determine the effects of Si application on photosynthetic characteristics of maize on saline-alkaline soil, including photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration rate (E), and intercellular CO2concentration (Ci) of maize in the field with five levels (0, 45, 90, 150, and 225 kg·ha−1) of Si supplying. Experimental results showed that the values ofPn,gs, andCiof maize were significantly enhanced while the values ofEof maize were dramatically decreased by certain doses of silicon fertilizers, which meant that Si application with proper doses significantly increased photosynthetic efficiency of maize in different growth stages under stressing environment of saline-alkaline soil. The optimal dose of Si application in this experiment was 150 kg·ha−1 Si. It indicated that increase in maize photosynthesis under saline-alkaline stress took place by Si application with proper doses, which is helpful to improve growth and yield of maize.

scholarly journals Improvement of Salt Tolerance in Maize by Exogenous Application of Proline

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
MI Hasan ◽  
MG Kibria ◽  
M Jahiruddin ◽  
Y Murata ◽  
MA Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Antioxidant Defense ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Total N ◽  
Exogenous Application ◽  
S Uptake ◽  
Maize Plants ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Proline provides protection in plants against various abiotic stresses including salinity. The field experiment was conducted at the farmer’s field of coastal area (Botiaghata, Khulna) to mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on growth and yield of maize by exogenous application of proline. In the experiment maize plants were treated with different concentrations of proline at seedling and/or vegetative stages. The plant growth parameters, grain and stover yields, nutrient uptake and K+/Na+ ratio were recorded. All the yield contributing characters were significantly increased due to exogenous application of proline at different growth stages. Among the treatments, application of 100 mM proline at seedling and vegetative stages offered the highest grain and stover yields (5.7 t ha-1 and 9.8 t ha-1, respectively) of maize which was followed by 100 mM proline application at seedling stage where grain and stover yields were 5.7 t ha-1 and 9.7 t/ha, respectively. However no significant differences were found between two treatments. Total N, P and S uptake (203.66, 23.24 and 23.14 kg ha-1, respectively) were highest when the maize plants were treated with 100 mM proline at seedling and vegetative stages. The highest K+/Na+ ratio both in grain (12.92) and stover (5.57) was also observed in the same treatment. Therefore, it can be concluded that exogenous application of proline improves salinity tolerance in maize by increasing nutrient uptake and probably due to increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 13-18 2015

scholarly journals Effect of drought stress on the formation of yield elements in spring barley and the potential of stress expression reduction by foliar application of fertilizers and growth stimulator

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Svobodová ◽  
P. Míša
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Grain Number Per Spike ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
1000 Grain Weight ◽  
Different Growth Stages

Spring barley plants were exposed to water stress at different growth stages &ndash; from the period after emergence to the beginning of stem elongation, from emergence to the end of anthesis and from the beginning of stem elongation to the end of anthesis in pot experiments. In variants exposed to water deficit from emergence to the end of anthesis and from the beginning of stem elongation to the end of anthesis, effects of foliar fertilizers and Atonik preparation (applied before the growth stage DC 30 or at DC 33) to lower the stress impacts were tested. During the growing season, formation and reduction of tillers, florets per spike and the yield structure at full ripeness were investigated. The water deficit at stem elongation caused a withering out of the established tillers, drought during the formation of the florets reduced their number as well as their development into grains. In the variant where water stress was present to the beginning of stem elongation, the plants were able to compensate for stress implications by productive tillers that developed later (at stem elongation). The previous water deficit did not decrease 1000-grain weight, however protein content in grain increased due to low grain yield per pot. If foliar fertilizers and Atonik were applied before DC 30, a&nbsp;reduction of fertile florets decreased, which led to slight increase in a grain number per spike.

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