Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis/Stevens-Johnson Syndrome at A University Hospital in Saudi: Causative Factors and Outcomes

Introduction:Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) are rare, life-threatening conditions caused mainly by drugs. Their management relies on the withdrawal of the culprit medication and supportive measures. Different pharmacotherapies have varied effects. However, data related to TEN and SJS in Saudi is limited. This study aimed to identify the causative agents, associated factors, and outcomes of TEN/SJS cases admitted to a teaching hospital (King Abdulaziz University) in Jeddah during the last 10 years.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of TEN/SJS patients admitted to the hospital over the last 10 years.Results: We identified 12 patients with TEN/SJS. Of these, nine survived the condition and were discharged. The culprit medication was identified in eight of them, including antibiotics in six cases and Tegretol and allopurinol in one case each. Most of the patients received systemic steroids and intravenous immunoglobulins.Conclusion: TEN/SJS is mainly caused by medications of which antibiotics are the most implicated. Consistent with other studies, the mortality rate associated with TEN/SJS in Saudi is 25%. Limitations: restricted to a single center and small sample size.

The Students’ Attitudes towards the NESTs versus NNESTs and their Impacts on the Students’ Motivations to Learn English Language at KAU

Motivation is one of the crucial aspects of second language acquisition. Students’ motivation can be influenced by their teachers. The present study aims to investigate the impact of the two types of teachers on EFL learners’ motivations to learn English. These are NESTs (Native English-speaking teachers) and NNESTs (native English-speaking teachers). Hence, it examines learners’ attitudes and perceptions towards the two types of teachers. This study employed a mixed method by distributing a questionnaire contains quantitative and qualitative tools. It consists of twenty items of Likert scales and two open-ended questions. The present study subjects are 31 female students at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The results of the study demonstrate that learners have a positive attitude toward NESTs and NNESTs. Despite that, the tendency to learn with NNESTs is higher than NESTs. The findings also show that both types of teachers motivate students to learn English. Moreover, it suggests that the methodology and teachers’ personalities are more important than the teachers’ nativeness.

The influence of Paternalistic leadership on the commitment and job satisfaction of the employees – A field study from the point of view of female administrators in academic departments at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah –: تأثير القيادة الأبوية على الالتزام والرضا الوظيفي – دراسة ميدانية من وجهة نظر الموظفات الإداريات في الأقسام الأكاديمية في جامعة الملك عبد العزيز بجدة –

The problem statement of this study is to check the influence of paternalistic leadership on the commitment and job satisfaction from the point of view of female administrators in academic departments at King Abdulaziz University. The aim of this study to contribute to increase the attention for the researchers to apply paternalistic leadership style, open the way for new studies, and help officials of academic departments in Saudi universities to upgrade the quality of the performance of the services provided by their subordinates through applying the paternalistic leadership style in their departments. The population of the study of female administrators in academic departments at King Abdulaziz University and a number of approximately 700 employees, the study sample was selected at random which has been adopted (63) The identification of origin (78). It has been used descriptive analytical method. And to analyze and manipulate data using a statistical computer program (SPSS). After the study data statistically analyzed the results showed that managers dealing with their employees by using paternalistic leadership style. In addition, there is a positive relationship between paternalistic leadership style and commitment of the employees. Although the leader was sometimes resorted to the use of authoritarian paternalistic leadership style, but the results showed that there is a functional commitment to the organization by the study sample. Also, there is a positive relationship between paternalistic leadership style and job satisfaction for the employees, even if the managers deal with their employees by using authoritarian paternalistic leadership style. In light of the results, researcher reached to a number of recommendations which is the most important one there is a need to apply the paternalistic leadership style by managers as it imparts the positive side on the commitment and job satisfaction of the employees. Finally, the researcher recommends to conduct more research in the paternalistic leadership style from the point of view of male administrators in academic departments at King Abdulaziz University, and comparing the results with the present study to determine the influence of Paternalistic leadership on the commitment and job satisfaction of the employees in the point of view of male and female employees.

Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) in adults and pediatrics; prevention is the optimal management.

Background Cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) is an important and serious complication that affects morbidity and mortality. We studied both pediatric and adults using the definition of the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN). Methods This is an observational retrospective cohort study done at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia approved by ethical committee. The exclusion criteria were baseline serum creatinine (SCr) ≥ 4 mg/dL or preexisting renal failure requiring dialysis, reoperation, death within 24 hours postoperatively, and operative mortality or missing data. 941 patients were included in the analysis using the statistical software SPSS, version 15.0. Results 28.68% in the adult group and 20.07% in the pediatric group developed CSA-AKI. Adult risk factors included age group of 60-69 years, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), number of grafts and hypertension. In the pediatric group, CPB, aortic cross-clamping (ACX) and the lower preoperative SCr are the main risk factors Conclusion Conventional conservative management and preoperative Identification of predictor risk factors are essential for prevention of CSA-AKI which constitute the main strategy for optimal management.

Factors Influencing Medical Students' Choice Regarding Anaesthesiology as a Future Career at King Abdulaziz University Hospital Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Aims: Our study aimed to identify whether anesthesiology is a desired specialty among medical students at King Abdulaziz University and what factors may have influenced or hindered their decision. Study Design: Cross‑sectional study. Study Setting: At King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia between June 8th, 2019 till June 25th, 2019. Methodology: An online questionnaire was distributed to all 700 5th and 6th year medical students at King Abdulaziz University Hospital and they were asked to fill it anonymously. Pre-clinical medical students (2nd, 3rd and 4th years) were excluded due to their lack of exposure to the field of anesthesiology. The estimated sample size was a random 248 medical students of KAUH. Results: Our results showed that the most preferred specialties were Internal medicine (37.9%), followed by surgery (35.5%), then family medicine (27%). While the field of anesthesiology was chosen by 14.5% of the participants. However, in response to a separate question, 79.8% of the respondents have not considered it as their future career. Many considered Doctor-patient relationship to have the greatest influence (81.7%), followed by controllable lifestyle (80%), while income 71% and prestige 63.2% were less influential factors for those career decisions. Conclusion: It is essential to show medical students that anesthesiologists do interact with patients and increase their interaction with influential individuals in this field since they are capable of positively adjusting their viewpoints.

Prevalence of Hypodontia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Digital Orthopantomographic Study

Introduction: Hypodontia or Dental agenesis; is defined as a developmental missing of any teeth, excluding the last molars. It may befall as a genetic syndrome or as a non-syndromic isolated trait. However, there is no prevalence available in our city. Aim and Objectives: The tenacity of this research is to assess the frequency of hypodontia among the population who received dental care at King Abdul Aziz University Dental Hospital in the city of Jeddah. Study Design: Retrospective digital orthopantomographic: cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, King Abdulaziz University, between January 2019 and July 2020. Methodology: This research is a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the examination of an archival dental record and 2D panoramic radiographs of patients who are presented at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah. A total of 2045 records were reviewed and included in this study. Two general practitioners reviewed patient’s dental charts looking for congenital missing tooth/teeth in a dark room by the method that the practitioners use. Careful reviews of each patient’s record were done to ensure that the cause of the missing tooth/teeth were congenital and not surgical or traumatic. Data were gathered from dental records of patients’ age period 6-9 years since most of the dental follicle of the permanent teeth should be completed or the tooth just erupts, radiographic findings were always compared to the patients’ file and progress notes to ensure the causative factors of missing teeth. The data were recorded in an excel sheet which included gender, age, the type, area and counting of the missing teeth. Results: After collecting the data, the total number of patients after exclusion were 1984. The prevalence of hypodontia in our tested population was %5.39. Statistical analysis were done by using SPSS software to correlate between variables. Varices grades. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study our data shows that the most common congenitally tooth agenesis is the second premolar %47.6 and the second most common congenitally missing tooth is lateral incisor %18.6.

The Students’ Attitudes towards the NESTs versus NNESTs and their Impacts on the Students’ Motivations to Learn English Language at KAU

Motivation is one of the crucial aspects of second language acquisition. Students’ motivation can be influenced by their teachers. The present study aims to investigate the impact of the two types of teachers on EFL learners’ motivations to learn English. These are NESTs (Native English-speaking teachers) and NNESTs (native English-speaking teachers). Hence, it examines learners’ attitudes and perceptions towards the two types of teachers. This study employed a mixed method by distributing a questionnaire contains quantitative and qualitative tools. It consists of twenty items of Likert scales and two open-ended questions. The present study subjects are 31 female students at King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The results of the study demonstrate that learners have a positive attitude toward NESTs and NNESTs. Despite that, the tendency to learn with NNESTs is higher than NESTs. The findings also show that both types of teachers motivate students to learn English. Moreover, it suggests that the methodology and teachers’ personalities are more important than the teachers’ nativeness.