Contract Law, Relational Contracts, and Reputational Networks in International Trade: An Empirical Investigation into Cross-Border Contracts in the Software Industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (01) ◽  
pp. 25-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Dietz
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Contract Law ◽  
Relational Contracts ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Classic Theory ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Lex Mercatoria

The following case study investigates the contract enforcement institutions that enable German customers to purchase software in Asia and Eastern Europe. The case study shows that nation-states are hardly able to generate a legal “shadow” for cross-border business relations. The same holds true for the so-called New Lex Mercatoria. Instead, economic actors create their own informal mechanisms. Relational contracts and reputational networks are nowadays far more effective due to developments in the field of information and communication technology. Overall, the importance of formal contract law in international trade is even smaller than is assumed by the classic theory of relational contracts.

scholarly journals Peran Internet dalam Meningkatkan Jumlah Pekerja Lepas di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
Arif Siaha Widodo
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Keywords Internet ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Internet Marketplace

Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi ikut mendorong perkembangan dalam berbagai bidang, tak terkceuali pada sektor perdagangan dan jasa. Hal ini dapat terlihat dari bermunculannya berbagai ecommerce dan marketplace di Indonesia selama satu dekade terakhir ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan peran serta kontribusi internet dalam bidang jasa. Penelitian difokuskan kepada pekerja lepas (freelancer) yang tergabung dalam Projects.co.id, marketplace yang mempertemukan pihak pencari jasa dengan para freelancer. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif. Menggunakan metode studi kasus, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) Projects.co.id merupakan medium bagi freelancer di seluruh Indonesia untuk berkomunikasi dengan pemberi kerja; (2) Projects.co.id ikut mengubah persepsi freelancer terkait persepsi mereka sebagai pekerja lepas; (3) Pesatnya perkembangan internet mengubah bagaimana freelancer dan pemberi kerja dalam bertemu dan bertransaksi (cross border transaction) yang sudah tidak lagi terkendala jarak geografis.Kata Kunci: Internet, marketplace, pekerja lepas AbstractThe rapid development of information and communication technology has contributed to the development in various fields, including the trade and services sector. This can be seen from the emergence of ecommerce and marketplaces in Indonesia over past decade. The study focused on freelancers in Projects.co.id, a marketplace that brings together service seekers with freelancers. Using case study method, the data collection techniques use observation, interviews and literature studies. The results showed that (1) Projects.co.id is a medium for freelancers throughout Indonesia to be able to communicate with employers; (2) The presence of Projects.co.id has change the perception of freelancers regarding their perceptions as freelancers; (3) Rapid development of the internet has also changed how freelancers and employers meet and transact (cross border transactions) which no longer constrained by geographical distance. Keywords: Internet, marketplace, freelancer

Manajemen Stratejik Pemanfaatan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi untuk Peningkatan Mutu Pembelajaran SMK Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah dan SMKN 1 Garut

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Partono Partono
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
General Description ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
School Learning

So far, in implementing school strategies, they tend not to utilize Information and Communication Technology (ICT), despite the availability of ICT resources available. Stages of strategic management are needed to generate the vision, mission, objectives, policy, program, budget, and procedures as well as control and evaluation process as an effort to utilize ICT to improve school quality. Based on the interpretation and the results of the study, it is concluded that schools have organized stages in strategic management that enable schools to have a quality profile. The impact of effective utilization of ICTs for schools is the achievement of effective school management, as per the National Education Standards, which is characterized by effective planning, implementation, control, and evaluation of school ICTs.The purpose of this study is to get a general description, describe, and reveal the Strategic Management of Information and Communication Technology Utilization to Improve the Quality of School Learning in Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah Vocational High School and Garut 1 Vocational High School, both on environmental analysis, strategic formulation, implementation and strategic evaluation. The research method used in this research is the case study method, because the problems studied occur in the place and situation of Ciledug Al Musaddadiyah Vocational School and Vocational High School 1 Garut. The use of case study models in this study is based on the consideration that to provide an overview of the strategic management activities of the use of ICTs carried out at vocational high schools with the ultimate goal of being able to improve the quality of school learning. Based on observations in the field of SMK 1 Garut and SMK Al Musaddadiyah Ciledug Garut is one of the public schools and private schools that have these advantages.

Promoting Autonomous Learning through Self-, Peer-, and Co-assessment to Ensure High Quality in Georgian Higher Education (a case study of International Black Sea University, Georgia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irma MESIRIDZE ◽  
Nino TVALTCHRELIDZE
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Bologna Process ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Higher Education Quality ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Bologna Process

The Bologna Process, Information and Communication Technology, and market forces have brought manyinnovations and great changes to higher education systems throughout Europe. Reforms in higher educationhave taken a new direction, towards making higher education students more autonomous. However, manycountries have not really adopted this innovative way of teaching and still maintain an old ‘transmission’ stylewhich often entails teachers trying to pour knowledge into the minds of their students. Promoting autonomouslearning (the ability of students to manage their own learning) in higher education is crucial both for theindividual and society, as the idea of an academic student comprises critical reflective thinking and theimportance of becoming an independent learner. This article will discuss the importance of promotingautonomous learning throughout self, peer and co-assessment for higher education quality enhancement. Thepaper will examine the case of International Black Sea University’s MA students enrolled in the Higher EducationManagement program. The analyses of a survey will be used to discuss the significance of autonomous learningfor students and their readiness for self, peer and co-assessment.

scholarly journals Students' understanding through the use of ICT-based accounting multimedia (MAKSI) in vocational high schools

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Vivi Pratiwi ◽  
Siswandari Siswandari ◽  
Djoko Santosa Th
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Vocational High Schools ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive ◽  
Essay Tests

This study aims to describe the use of MAKSI: Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based accounting multimedia in improving students' understanding on bank reconciliation material in Vocational High Schools (SMK). This research is a quantitative-descriptive research with case study method involving 40 students. Data collection techniques used are tests using essay tests, observations, and interviews. The result showed that the average understanding before using MAKSI is 52.18 with the less category, while after using MAKSI the average increases to 76.23 with good category. Before using MAKSI, 65% of students have less understanding, 27.5% have sufficient understanding, while 10% have good understanding. After using MAKSI, the percentage of the the students who have good understanding increases to 40%. In addition, there are 40% of students who have very good understanding. Those who have less understanding are only 7.5% while 12.5% of them have sufficient understanding. Thus, the use of MAKSI in learning in SMK can improve students' understanding.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN ALTERNATIF ASPEK PEMAJAKAN BAGI PENYEDIA LAYANAN OVER THE TOP ASING

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Hendrie Ardhiansyah ◽  
Nurhidayati Nurhidayati
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Foreign Companies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Over The Top

Over the years, the rise of digital economy has confused countries in their efforts to tax foreign companies without physically presence within their jurisdiction. One of the potential tax revenues that have not been optimally digging comes from the digital sector. The digital economy sector has enormous potential along with the rapid development of information and communication technology, especially the internet. This digital economy market is dominated by internet-based services commonly called Over The Top (OTT) services and is filled with global content owned by foreign companies. This article argues the provisions of taxation for foreign OTT lending providers in England, Australia, India, and Japan. This research used a qualitative non-case study approach. This study outlines the strengths and weaknesses of each alternative.

scholarly journals Implementation of Human Resources Information Systems in Industrial Revolution 4.0: Case Study of Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata Bali Internasional

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Kadek Ari Styawati ◽  
A.A.N. Eddy Supriyadinata Gorda
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Organizational Management ◽  
Inhibiting Factors ◽  
Human Resources Information Systems ◽  
Information And Communication

The rapid development of information and communication technology offers solutions in effective and efficient organizational management. The implementation of information technology becomes an important aspect in the competition in the digital arena. This study aims to examine in-depth about how the application of HRIS in STPBI. The research results showed that the implementation of HRIS at STPBI is used as a strategic activity in optimizing HR functions. The transformation and implementation of HRIS has several supporting and inhibiting factors. These supporting and inhibiting factors are combined in the development of HR in line with the theoretical and literary concepts used in this study. Through integrated work synergies in the field of staffing, transparency and availability of information is very helpful in decision making. The implementation of HRIS at STPBI is based on the paradigm of a balance between supporting factors and inhibiting factors.

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