REGIONAL PATTERNS OF PESTICIDE CONCENTRATIONS IN SURFACE WATERS OF NEW YORK IN 1997

2002 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 731-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Phillips ◽  
David A. Eckhardt ◽  
Douglas A. Freehafer ◽  
Gary R. Wall ◽  
Hannah H. Ingleston
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Regional Patterns

Simulation of Water Age and Residence Time in New York Bight

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 965-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weifeng G. Zhang ◽  
John L. Wilkin ◽  
Oscar M. E. Schofield
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Time Scales ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
Long Island ◽  
Water Age ◽  
New York Bight ◽  
Island Coast

Abstract The time scales on which river inflows disperse in the coastal ocean are relevant to a host of biogeochemical and environmental processes. These time scales are examined in a modeling study of the Hudson River plume on its entry to the New York Bight (NYB). Constituent-oriented age and residence-time theory is applied to compute two time scales: mean age, which is calculated from the ratio of two model tracers, and residence time, which is calculated using the adjoint of the tracer conservation equation. Spatial and temporal variability associated with river discharge and wind is investigated. High river discharge lowers surface water age and shortens residence time in the apex of the NYB. Easterly winds increase surface water age and extend the duration waters along the Long Island coast remain in the NYB apex. Southerly winds increase age along the New Jersey coast but drive a decrease in age of offshore surface waters and prolong the time that surface waters close to the New Jersey coast stay in the NYB apex. Residence time along the Long Island coast is high in spring and summer because of the retention of water north of the Hudson shelf valley. Patterns of modeled surface water age and an age proxy computed from the ratio of satellite-measured irradiance in two channels show qualitative agreement. A least squares fit gives a statistically significant empirical relationship between the band ratio and modeled mean age for NYB waters.

scholarly journals FLORISTIC CHANGE IN NEW ENGLAND AND NEW YORK: REGIONAL PATTERNS OF PLANT SPECIES LOSS AND DECLINE

Rhodora ◽  
10.3119/18-04 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (985) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin McDonough MacKenzie ◽  
Glen Mittelhauser ◽  
Abraham J. Miller-Rushing ◽  
Richard B. Primack
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New England ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Species Loss ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Floristic Change

William Labov

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
Graduate School ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Expert Witness ◽  
American English ◽  
African American English ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Variationist Sociolinguistics

William Labov (b. 1927) is an American linguist who pioneered the study of variationist sociolinguistics. Born and raised in northern New Jersey, Labov studied English and philosophy at Harvard University (BA, 1948) and worked as an industrial chemist for several years before entering graduate school in linguistics at Columbia University in 1961. He completed his PhD in 1964, under the direction of Uriel Weinreich. He worked at Columbia until 1971, when he joined the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, where he taught until his retirement in 2014. Labov’s influence on the field began with research he conducted in graduate school. His study of changing pronunciations on Martha’s Vineyard, the subject of his master’s thesis, introduced a method for observing sound change in progress and broke with tradition by exploring social motivations for linguistic innovations. For his PhD dissertation, Labov carried out a study of dialect patterns on the Lower East Side of New York City. Using a systematic, quantitative methodology, he demonstrated that linguistic variation is socially stratified, such that the use of pronunciation features (e.g., dropping of post-vocalic /r/) correlates with social class, ethnicity, etc. in regular patterns. Labov’s early research was greatly influential and inspired many scholars to carry out similar projects in other communities. The paradigm came to be known as variationist sociolinguistics. Much of Labov’s scholarship seeks to advance our understanding of language change. Historical linguists traditionally study completed linguistic changes, often long after they occurred, but Labov developed a method for examining active changes through a quantitative comparison of speakers representing several generations. This approach produces a new perspective on the change process by revealing intermediate stages. Labov has brought insights from this research to bear on theoretical debates within historical linguistics and the field more broadly. His work in this area has also documented many active sound changes in American English. Among these changes are innovations underway in particular dialects, such as the vowel changes in Philadelphia, as well as broader regional patterns, such as the Northern Cities Shift heard in the Great Lakes states. Throughout his career, social justice concerns have fueled Labov’s research. He has sought to demonstrate that the speech of stigmatized groups is as systematic and rule-governed as any other. He led a pioneering study in Harlem in the late 1960s that shone new light on African American English, demonstrating, for example, that grammatical usages like the deletion of the copula (e.g., He fast) are subject to regular constraints. Labov has served as an expert witness in court and before the U.S. Congress to share insights from his study of African American English. He has also worked to promote literacy for speakers of non-standard dialects, carrying out research on reading and developing material for the teaching of reading to these populations.

Photochemical Characterization of Surface Waters from Lakes in the Adirondack Region of New York

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (17) ◽  
pp. 10654-10667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Wasswa ◽  
Charles T. Driscoll ◽  
Teng Zeng
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Surface Waters

Acidity of and the concentrations of major and minor metals in the surface waters of bryophyte assemblages from 20 North American bogs and fens

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (6) ◽  
pp. 718-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven F Mullen ◽  
Jan A Janssens ◽  
Eville Gorham
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Elemental Abundance ◽  
Secondary Axis ◽  
Alkaline Earths ◽  
Primary Axis ◽  
Components Analysis

One hundred and thirty-five samples of surface water, associated with bryophyte plots distributed across 20 wetlands in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Alaska, Maine, Minnesota, and New York, were analyzed for pH and 11 elements, several of them seldom measured in wetlands. The overall order of elemental abundance was the following: Ca, Si, Na, Mg, Fe, K, Al, Mn, Sr, Ba, and Ti. Principal-components analysis of the pH and elemental chemistries of the water samples revealed seven subcategories that could be recognized as belonging to maritime and continental ombrotrophic bogs and poor, rich, and calcareous rich fens. The primary axis related to pH and the concentrations of alkaline earths, as well as to Si. The secondary axis segregated an unusual group of Alaskan fens; it was related mainly to Fe and Mn, and to a lesser degree Al and K. The tertiary axis separated maritime from continental bogs and was related chiefly to Na. The distribution of bryophyte species, most of them widespread in bogs and fens elsewhere, was most clearly related to pH and Ca concentration. As expected, many species exhibited narrow ranges of these chemical properties, whereas many others were widely distributed.Key words: mosses, peatlands, species diversity, water chemistry.

scholarly journals Landscape Influence on the Browning of a Lake Watershed in the Adirondack Region of New York, USA

Soil Systems ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. LoRusso ◽  
Marykate McHale ◽  
Patrick McHale ◽  
Mario Montesdeoca ◽  
Teng Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Carbon Quality ◽  
Lake Outlet ◽  
Parallel Factor ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
Insight Into

Watershed recovery from long-term acidification in the northeastern U.S. has been characterized by an increase in the influx of dissolved organic matter (DOM) into surface waters. Increases in carbon quantity and shifts to more aromatic and “colored” OM has impacted downstream lakes by altering thermal stratification, nutrient cycling and food web dynamics. Here, we used fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) to model predominant carbon quality fractions and their seasonal changes within surface waters along landscape positions of Arbutus Lake watershed in the Adirondack region of NY, USA. All DOM components were terrestrial in origin, however their relative fractions varied throughout the watershed. DOM in headwater streams contained high fractions of recalcitrant (~43%) and microbial reprocessed humic-like OM (~33%), sourced from upland forest soils. Wetlands above the lake inlet contributed higher fractions of high molecular weight, plant-like organic matter (~30%), increasing dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations observed at the lake inlet (492.5 mg L−1). At the lake outlet, these terrestrial fractions decreased significantly during summer months leading to a subsequent increase in reprocessed OM likely through increased microbial metabolism and photolysis. Comparisons of specific ultraviolet absorbance between this study and previous studies at Arbutus Lake show that OM draining upland streams (3.1 L·mg C−1 m−1) and wetland (4.1 L·mg C−1 m−1) is now more aromatic and thus more highly colored than conditions a decade ago. These findings provide insight into the emerging role that watersheds recovering from acidification play on downstream water quality.

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