Imidazolium salts with antifungal potential for the control of head blight of wheat caused by Fusarium graminearum

In 2009, a set of 35 cultivars of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) of Italian origin was screened for fusarium head blight (FHB) susceptibility at CIMMYT (Mexico) and in the 2019–20 cropping season, 16 of these cultivars, which had been included in the Italian National Plant Variety Register, were tested again in southern and northern Italy. Wheat cultivars were artificially inoculated during anthesis with a conidial suspension of Fusarium graminearum sensu lato using a standard spray inoculation method. Inoculum was a mixture of mono-conidial isolates sourced in the same areas where the trials were performed. Isolates had been characterized on the basis of morphological characteristics and by DNA PCR amplification using a specific primer set and then selected for their virulence and ability to produce mycotoxins. The susceptibility to FHB was rated on the basis of the disease severity, disease incidence and FHB index. Almost all of the tested cultivars were susceptible or very susceptible to FHB with the only exception of “Duprì”, “Tiziana” and “Dylan” which proved to be moderately susceptible. The susceptibility to FHB was inversely correlated with the plant height and flowering biology, the tall and the late heading cultivars being less susceptible.

Download Full-text

Near-infrared versus visual sorting of Fusarium-damaged kernels in winter wheat

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps08053 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 88 (6) ◽

pp. 1087-1089 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Stephen N Wegulo ◽

Floyd E Dowell

Keyword(s):

Quality Assurance ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Key Words ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Strongly Correlated ◽

Head Blight ◽

Rater Reliability ◽

Key Words Wheat

Fusarium head blight (scab) of wheat, caused by Fusarium graminearum, often results in shriveled and/or discolored kernels, which are referred to as Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK). FDK is a major grain grading factor and therefore is routinely determined for purposes of quality assurance. Measurement of FDK is usually done visually. Visual sorting can be laborious and is subject to inconsistencies resulting from variability in intra-rater repeatability and/or inter-rater reliability. The ability of a single-kernel near-infrared (SKNIR) system to detect FDK was evaluated by comparing FDK sorted by the system to FDK sorted visually. Visual sorting was strongly correlated with sorting by the SKNIR system (0.89 ≤ r ≤ 0.91); however, the SKNIR system had a wider range of FDK detection and was more consistent. Compared with the SKNIR system, visual raters overestimated FDK in samples with a low percentage of Fusarium-damaged grain and underestimated FDK in samples with a high percentage of Fusarium-damaged grain. Key words: Wheat, Fusarium head blight, Fusarium-damaged kernels, single-kernel near-infrared

Download Full-text

Imidazolium salts with antifungal potential against multidrug-resistant dermatophytes

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/jam.12862 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 119 (2) ◽

pp. 377-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

D.F. Dalla Lana ◽

R.K. Donato ◽

C. Bündchen ◽

C.M. Guez ◽

V.Z. Bergamo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Imidazolium Salts ◽

Antifungal Potential

Download Full-text

Survival of Fusarium graminearum, the causal agent of Fusarium head blight. A review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development ◽

10.1007/s13593-012-0098-5 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 33 (1) ◽

pp. 97-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 65

Author(s):

Johann Leplat ◽

Hanna Friberg ◽

Muhammad Abid ◽

Christian Steinberg

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Causal Agent ◽

Head Blight

Download Full-text

Molecular Characterization and Functional Analysis of PR-1-Like Proteins Identified from the Wheat Head Blight Fungus Fusarium graminearum

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-08-17-0268-r ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 108 (4) ◽

pp. 510-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Shunwen Lu ◽

Michael C. Edwards

Keyword(s):

Functional Analysis ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Transcriptional Analysis ◽

Fungal Genome ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Head Blight ◽

Fungal Virulence

The group 1 pathogenesis-related (PR-1) proteins originally identified from plants and their homologs are also found in other eukaryotic kingdoms. Studies on nonplant PR-1-like (PR-1L) proteins have been pursued widely in humans and animals but rarely in filamentous ascomycetes. Here, we report the characterization of four PR-1L proteins identified from the ascomycete fungus Fusarium graminearum, the primary cause of Fusarium head blight of wheat and barley (designated FgPR-1L). Molecular cloning revealed that the four FgPR-1L proteins are all encoded by small open reading frames (612 to 909 bp) that are often interrupted by introns, in contrast to plant PR-1 genes that lack introns. Sequence analysis indicated that all FgPR-1L proteins contain the PR-1-specific three-dimensional structure, and one of them features a C-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain that has not been reported for any stand-alone PR-1 proteins. Transcriptional analysis revealed that the four FgPR-1L genes are expressed in axenic cultures and in planta with different spatial or temporal expression patterns. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that fungal PR-1L proteins fall into three major groups, one of which harbors FgPR-1L-2-related TM-containing proteins from both phytopathogenic and human-pathogenic ascomycetes. Low-temperature sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and proteolytic assays indicated that the recombinant FgPR-1L-4 protein exists as a monomer and is resistant to subtilisin of the serine protease family. Functional analysis confirmed that deletion of the FgPR-1L-4 gene from the fungal genome results in significantly reduced virulence on susceptible wheat. This study provides the first example that the F. graminearum–wheat interaction involves a pathogen-derived PR-1L protein that affects fungal virulence on the host.

Download Full-text

Discovery of a Novel Fusarium Graminearum Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (FgGpmk1) Inhibitor for the Treatment of Fusarium Head Blight

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01227 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (18) ◽

pp. 13841-13852

Author(s):

Weitao Fu ◽

Ercheng Wang ◽

Di Ke ◽

Hao Yang ◽

Lingfeng Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Kinase ◽

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Head Blight ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein

Download Full-text

Impact of the biofungicide tetramycin on the development of Fusarium head blight, grain yield and deoxynivalenol accumulation in wheat

World Mycotoxin Journal ◽

10.3920/wmj2019.2494 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 235-246

Author(s):

W.Q. Shi ◽

L.B. Xiang ◽

D.Z. Yu ◽

S.J. Gong ◽

L.J. Yang

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Head Blight ◽

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Spore Germination ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Field Trials ◽

Head Blight ◽

Mycelium Growth ◽

Key Aspects

Fusarium graminearum causes Fusarium head blight (FHB), a devastating disease that leads to extensive yield and quality loss in wheat and barley production. Integrated pest management (IPM) is required to control this disease and biofungicides, such as tetramycin, could be a novel addition to IPM strategies. The current study investigated in vitro tetramycin toxicity in Fusarium graminearum and evaluated its effectiveness for the control of Fusarium head blight FHB. Tetramycin was shown to affect three key aspects of Fusarium pathogenicity: spore germination, mycelium growth and deoxynivalenol (DON) production. The in vitro results indicated that tetramycin had strong inhibitory activity on the mycelial growth and spore germination. Field trials indicated that tetramycin treatment resulted in a significant reduction in both the FHB disease index and the level of DON accumulation. The reduced DON content in harvested grain was correlated with the amount of Tri5 mRNA determined by qRT-PCR. Synergistic effects between tetramycin and metconazole, in both the in vitro and field experiments were found. Tetramycin could provide an alternative option to control FHB.

Download Full-text

Trichothecene Genotypes of Fusarium graminearum Populations Isolated from Winter Wheat Crops in Serbia

Toxins ◽

10.3390/toxins10110460 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 460 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vesna Krnjaja ◽

Slavica Stanković ◽

Ana Obradović ◽

Tanja Petrović ◽

Violeta Mandić ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Gene Clusters ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Weather Data ◽

Morphological Observation ◽

Specific Primer ◽

Head Blight ◽

As Species ◽

Species Specific

Fusarium graminearum as the main causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and its ability to produce trichothecenes was investigated by molecular techniques. A total of 37 strains isolated from the wheat, harvested in Serbia in 2005, 2008 and 2015, and previously designated by morphological observation as F. graminearum, were used for trichothecene genotypes characterization. The strains were identified using the species-specific primer set FG16R/FG16F while genotypic characterization was done using specific TRI13 and TRI3 sequences of the trichothecene gene clusters. The PCR assays identified all strains as species of F. graminearum sensu stricto with the DON/15-ADON genotype. The quantification of the mycotoxin (DON) was performed using the biochemical assay. The high levels of DON (>20,000 µg kg−1) were recorded in all of the strains from 2005, four strains from 2008 and two strains from 2015. Weather data of the investigated seasons, showed that the optimal temperature, frequent rains and high relative humidity (RH) was very favourable for the development of F. graminearum, affecting the DON biosynthesis.

Download Full-text

Sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum causing head blight of wheat in Brazil to tebuconazole and metconazole fungicides

Tropical Plant Pathology ◽

10.1590/s1982-56762012000600007 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (6) ◽

pp. 419-423 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Pierri Spolti ◽

Bruna C. de Jorge ◽

Emerson M. Del Ponte

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Head Blight

Download Full-text

Effectiveness of fungicide seed treatments for preventing seed-to-seedling transmission of Fusarium graminearum under controlled-environment conditions

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps08132 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 89 (4) ◽

pp. 811-821 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M R Fernandez ◽

T K Turkington ◽

W E May

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Graminearum ◽

Plant Tissue ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Wheat Root ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Wheat Seed ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Head Blight ◽

Infected Seed

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is well established in the eastern prairies, but for the most part it has been absent from western regions, especially under dryland conditions. This has been largely attributed to dry and hot conditions during some years, and the limited occurrence of F. graminearum in the western prairies. It is of importance to prevent the movement of F. graminearum, the most important FHB pathogen in North America, to areas where this pathogen is not commonly found. Three controlled-environment studies, using different Fusarium-infected common and durum wheat seed lots, were conducted to determine the effectiveness of currently registered fungicide seed treatments in improving seedling emergence and plant development, and preventing the growth of F. graminearum from infected seed to plant tissue. Fungicide treatments improved seedling emergence from the most infected seed over the untreated infected control, but most treatments did not improve emergence in the other experiments. Plant growth in the fungicide treatments was either similar to or slower than in the untreated controls. Fusarium graminearum was isolated from discoloured tissue in all treatments and was generally more common in crowns than in subcrown internodes. No fungicide treatment reduced discolouration of plant tissue or percentage isolation of F. graminearum or other Fusarium spp. consistently. We conclude that while currently registered seed treatments might be effective in improving seedling emergence in some infected wheat seed lots, they do not prevent the growth of F. graminearum from seeds to plant tissue. For the western prairies, the use of fungicide seed treatments as a strategy in the prevention of spread of FHB would require that they be effective primarily against F. graminearum. Performance of fungicide seed treatments against Fusarium-infected wheat seed should also be determined under typical growing conditions across the western prairies.Key words: Seed treatments, fungicides, wheat, root rot, crown rot, Fusarium graminearum, Fusarium avenaceum

Download Full-text