Local employment growth patterns and the Great Recession: The case of Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelheid Holl
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Local Employment

scholarly journals Agglomeration Economies in Small Cities and Business: The Impact of the Great Recession in Aragón (Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael González-Val ◽  
Miriam Marcén
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Employment

In this paper, we analyze the effects of productive specialization and productive diversity on employment growth at the local level during the Great Recession in Aragon, a NUTS II region in Spain. This region is characterized by (i) a high population density in the capital city (around half of the total population), giving rise to a very uneven population distribution and therefore a lot of small cities and municipalities, and (ii) a large proportion of small businesses (95% of the firms in this region have fewer than ten employees). We use annual data from 2000 to 2015 and panel data models, and grouped local business activities into three main categories: industry, construction and services. Our results show that, during this period, local specialization in any of these activities hurt local employment growth, whereas diversity had a non-significant effect on employment growth. Only in the case of services did we obtain a positive effect of diversity on local employment growth, which was restricted to the most populated cities (i.e., cities with more than 3000 inhabitants). Therefore, only diversity in services activities located in large cities contributed to employment growth during the Great Recession.

scholarly journals The Employment Effects of State Hiring Credits

ILR Review ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1111-1145 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Neumark ◽  
Diego Grijalva
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Employment Effects ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Job Growth ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Unemployed ◽  
New Jobs ◽  
Recession Period

State and federal policymakers grappling with the aftermath of the Great Recession sought ways to spur job creation, in many cases adopting hiring credits to encourage employers to create new jobs. Virtually no evidence is available, however, on the effects of these kinds of counter-recessionary hiring credits, with the only evidence coming from much earlier studies of the federal New Jobs Tax Credit in the 1970s. This article provides evidence on the effects of state hiring credits on job growth. Some specific types of hiring credits—including those targeting the unemployed, those that allow states to recapture credits when job creation goals are not met, and refundable hiring credits—appear to have succeeded in boosting job growth, particularly during the Great Recession period and perhaps also during recessions in general. At the same time, some evidence suggests that these credits can generate much more hiring than net employment growth, consistent with the credits encouraging churning of employees that raises the cost of producing jobs through hiring credits.

scholarly journals Preparing Millennials for the 21st Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Johnson ◽  
Julie Owen ◽  
Saskia Clay-Rooks ◽  
Jonathan Goldman
Keyword(s):  
Great Recession ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Employment Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Lost Generation ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Current Economic Climate ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Knowledge Age

Slow employment growth after the "Great Recession" of 2008 has been blamedby employers on the mismatch between their needs and the skills held by jobapplicants. This has led to fears that recent college graduates might become a"lost generation" unable to advance in the current economic climate. Recent yearshave seen the convergence of two demographic trends. First has been a shift in thenation’s economy from dependence on the conversion of raw materials to goodsto a knowledge age dependent on the conversion of data to valuable information.Second has been the arrival of the "millennial" generation in higher education andthe workplace. Employers in today’s economic climate prefer adaptable employeeswith thinking, communication, innovation, and process skills over those withfocused job-based training. However, today’s college students want explicit rulesto govern their decisions and expect grades based on work quantity instead ofquality. Three Mason faculty and staff with experience and research expertise instudent learning, generational characteristics, and career services will discusshow faculty can help students develop the skills they will need in the workplace.

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