Tuber Blight Development in Potato Cultivars in Response to Different Genotypes of Phytophthora infestans

2013 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alejandro Rojas ◽  
William W. Kirk ◽  
Esther Gachango ◽  
David S. Douches ◽  
Linda E. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Tuber Blight

scholarly journals Development of Tuber Blight (Phytophthora infestans) on Potato Cultivars Based on In Vitro Assays and Field Evaluations

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1501-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard O. Nyankanga ◽  
Ocen Modesto Olanya ◽  
Hans C. Wien ◽  
Ramzy El-Bedewy ◽  
John Karinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
R Genes ◽  
Lesion Diameter ◽  
Foliar Blight ◽  
Tuber Blight

Tuber blight may result from infection of wounded or unwounded potato tubers exposed to sporangia from foliar blight, soil, or blighted tubers. However, there are limited data on the prediction of tuber blight in field or storage environment based on in vitro assays. To assess this relationship, potato cultivars with foliar blight resistance (R-genes) and general resistance were evaluated for tuber blight incited by Phytophthora infestans (US-1) based on wound-induced and unwounded tuber inoculations. Surface lesion diameter, lesion depth, and frequency distribution of blighted tubers were assessed in in vitro assays and tuber blight incidence determined in field experiments. Significant differences (P < 0.05) in lesion diameter and depth were recorded among cultivars. Surface lesion diameter, depth, and index ranged from 5 to 40, 2 to 16.3, and 15 to 656 mm, respectively, in wound-inoculated tubers. In nonwounded tuber assays, the incidence of blighted tubers ranged from 0% to 8.7% in both years. Tuber blight infection of potato cultivars varied between years in field studies. Although tuber infection differed among cultivars, the frequency of blighted tubers had a normal statistical distribution irrespective of R-genes, implying that foliar resistance may have limited effect on tuber blight occurrence based on in vitro experiments. Prediction of tuber blight based on inoculation assays can be effectively used to estimate and manage blight development in storage environments.

Validation of tuber blight (Phytophthora infestans) prediction model

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.O. Nyankanga ◽  
O.M. Olanya ◽  
P.S. Ojiambo ◽  
H.C. Wien ◽  
C.W. Honeycutt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Tuber Blight

scholarly journals Determining Whether Geographic Origin and Potato Genotypes Shape the Population Structure of Phytophthora infestans in the Central Region of Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154
Author(s):  
Sandra Catalina Chaves ◽  
María Camila Rodríguez ◽  
María Fernanda Mideros ◽  
Florencia Lucca ◽  
Carlos E. Ñústez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Central Region ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Host Genotype ◽  
Genetic Population

Pathogen variation plays an important role in the dynamics of infectious diseases. In this study, the genetic variation of 279 Phytophthora infestans isolates was assessed using a combination of 12 microsatellite simple-sequence repeat markers. Isolates were collected from 11 different potato cultivars in 11 different geographic localities of the central region of Colombia. The objective of this study was to determine whether populations were differentiated by host genotype or geographic origin. Within a single clonal lineage, EC-1, 76 genotypes were detected. An analysis of molecular variance attributed most of the variation to differences within host genotypes rather than among the host genotypes, suggesting that host cultivars do not structure the populations of the pathogen. Furthermore, the lack of a genetic population structure according to the host cultivar was confirmed by all of the analyses, including the Bayesian clustering analysis and the minimum spanning network that used the Bruvo genetic distance, which suggested that there are no significant barriers to gene flow for P. infestans among potato cultivars. According to the geographic origin, the populations of P. infestans were also not structured, and most of the variation among the isolates was attributed to differences within localities. Only some but not all localities in the north and west of the central region of Colombia showed some genetic differentiation from the other regions. The absence of sexual reproduction of this pathogen in Colombia was also demonstrated. Important insights are discussed regarding the genetic population dynamics of the P. infestans populations of the central region of Colombia that were provided by the results. In Colombia, there is a high genetic variation within the EC-1 clonal lineage with closely related genotypes, none dominant, that coexist in a wide geographic area and on several potato cultivars.

The Effect of a Dominant Phytophthora infestans Genotype (13_A2) in Great Britain on Host Resistance to Foliar Late Blight in Commercial Potato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Lees ◽  
J. A. Stewart ◽  
J. S. Lynott ◽  
S. F. Carnegie ◽  
H. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Host Resistance ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Commercial Potato

scholarly journals Classifying the Relative Host Reaction in Potato Cultivars and Breeding Lines to the US-8 Strain of Phytophthora infestans in Minnesota

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Jenkins ◽  
R. K. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Tuber Blight ◽  
The Us

A total of 32 commercial cultivars grown in the United States and 15 potato breeding lines and non-U.S. cultivars were evaluated at Rosemount, MN for their reaction to the US-8 strain of Phytophthora infestans. Commercial red-, russet-, and white-skinned cultivars tested in the commercial cultivar trial (COMC) in 1996 and 1997 were susceptible (S) to moderately susceptible (MS) to this organism, except for Elba, which ranked as moderately resistant (MR). Yellow-fleshed cvs. Hertha, Santé, and Agria were screened in the late blight nursery (LB1) in 1997 and 1998 and classified as S to MS while Island Sunshine, Brador, and Aziza were classified as MR. The Scottish breeding line G6582-3 and U.S. breeding lines A90586-11, AWN86514-2, AWN85624-5, B0692-4, B0718-3, and B0767-2 were classified as resistant (R). Comparison among entries was based on the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Spearman rank correlation for AUDPC in the 1996 and 1997 COMC trials at 14 to 18 days after inoculation (r = 0.65, P < 0.01) was greater than any other interval tested. The Spearman rank correlation for AUDPC in the 1997 and 1998 LB1 trials at 14 to 18 days after inoculation was r = 0.87, P < 0.01 and increased only slightly in successive assessment dates, suggesting that, in Minnesota, effective evaluation of the foliar infection of late blight can occur at 18 days after inoculation or later. The average tuber blight incidence for the COMC trials at harvest was 10.0% in 1996 and 9.7% in 1997. The average tuber blight incidence for the LB1 trials at harvest was 4.3% in 1997 and 14.6% in 1998. Pearson correlations between tuber blight incidence and foliar disease for the COMC trials was very low; however, for the LBl trials, it was significant in both 1997 (r = 0.53, P < 0.01) and 1998 (r = 0.53, P < 0.01). Asymptomatic tubers harvested from the COMC trials developed additional tuber blight when stored 28 days at ambient temperatures and still more when stored for another 5 months at 5°C. Surviving tubers of nine entries were planted in field trials during 1997 and 1998 to determine if plants that develop from tubers exposed to P. infestans could manifest late blight in the subsequent season. Late blight failed to develop throughout the trials in either year.

scholarly journals Phytophthora infestans Populations from Tomato and Potato in North Carolina Differ in Genetic Diversity and Structure

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1189-1195 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wangsomboondee ◽  
C. Trout Groves ◽  
P. B. Shoemaker ◽  
M. A. Cubeta ◽  
J. B. Ristaino
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Tuber Blight ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
The Us ◽  
Unique Restriction ◽  
Single Field ◽  
Allozyme Genotype

Phytophthora infestans causes a destructive disease on tomato and potato. In North Carolina (NC) potatoes are mostly grown in the east, whereas tomatoes are grown in the mountainous areas in the western part of the state. Five genotypes of P. infestans were identified from 93 and 157 isolates collected from tomato and potato over a 5 year period between 1993 and 1998. All isolates collected from potato in eastern NC were the US-8 genotype, whereas only a single isolate was the US-1 genotype. Tuber blight was found on immature daughter tubers in a single field in 1997, however infection on mature tubers was not observed. Within potato fields, a range of sensitivity to metalaxyl was observed among isolates but all were either intermediate or highly resistant to the fungicide. In contrast, isolates from tomatoes included previously reported US-7 and US-8 genotypes and two new genotypes called US-18 and US-19 (A2 mating type, allozyme genotype Gpi 100/100 and Pep 92/100). These genotypes had unique restriction fragment length polymorphism banding patterns, were sensitive to metalaxyl, and have not been reported elsewhere. All genotypes, with the exception of the US-1, were the Ia mitochondrial haplotype. Thus, isolates of P. infestans from tomato were more genetically diverse over time in NC than those from potato and include two new genotypes that are sensitive to metalaxyl.

BABA effects on the behaviour of potato cultivars infected by Phytophthora infestans and Fusarium solani

2008 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. P. Olivieri ◽  
M. C. Lobato ◽  
E. González Altamiranda ◽  
G. R. Daleo ◽  
M. Huarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Potato Cultivars

Resistance to Phytophthora infestans Clonal Lineage US-23 in Potato Cultivars and Its Relationship with Early Blight Resistance and Tuber Yield

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiya Xue ◽  
Kathleen G. Haynes ◽  
Xinshun Qu
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Early Blight ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Late Blight Resistance ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Blight Resistance ◽  
Clonal Lineage ◽  
Progress Curve

Resistance to late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans clonal lineage US-23, in 217 old and modern potato cultivars was evaluated in field trials in 2016 and 2017 in Pennsylvania. Significant differences in resistance were found among these cultivars (P < 0.0001). Significant interaction between cultivars and environments was found (P < 0.0001). The values of relative area under the disease progress curve ranged from 0 to 0.5841 in 2016 and from 0 to 0.5469 in 2017. Broad-sense heritability of late blight resistance was estimated to be 0.91 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.88 to 0.93. Cluster analysis classified the cultivars into 5 groups: resistant, moderately resistant, intermediate, moderately susceptible, and susceptible. Thirty cultivars showing resistance and 32 cultivars showing moderate resistance were identified. The 217 cultivars were also evaluated for foliar maturity, tuber yield and resistance to early blight, caused by Alternaria solani. A few cultivars with late blight resistance independent of late maturity were found. Late blight resistance and early blight resistance were positively correlated, and 17 cultivars possessed resistance to both diseases. Yield tradeoff associated with late blight resistance was not observed among the cultivars in the absence of disease pressure.

scholarly journals Adaptation of Phytophthora infestans to Partial Resistance in Potato: Evidence from French and Moroccan Populations

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Andrivon ◽  
Fabian Pilet ◽  
Josselin Montarry ◽  
Majida Hafidi ◽  
Roselyne Corbière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Small Extent ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Adaptive Pattern ◽  
Different Levels

The use of partially resistant cultivars should become an essential component of a sustainable management strategy of potato late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans. It is therefore important to determine to what extent P. infestans populations can be selected for increased aggressiveness by potato cultivars with different levels of partial resistance. To this end, we sampled P. infestans populations from France and Morocco, chosen as locations where late blight occurs regularly but which differ in the distribution of potato cultivars. Cross-inoculation experiments were used to determine the aggressiveness of all populations to potato cvs. Bintje (prevalent in France but not grown in Morocco) and Désirée (popular in Morocco but cultivated to a very small extent in France). French populations were more aggressive on cv. Bintje than on cv. Désirée, irrespective of the site they were sampled from. Their aggressiveness increased between early and late samplings, suggesting that both cultivars selected for increased aggressiveness during epidemics. By contrast, Moroccan populations were more aggressive on Désirée, regarded as partially resistant in Europe, than on Bintje, highly susceptible under European conditions. These data indicate that P. infestans populations adapt to locally dominant cultivars, irrespective of their resistance levels, and can therefore overcome polygenic, partial resistance. This adaptive pattern may render partial resistance nondurable if not properly managed.

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