Associations of sleep duration and sleep–wake rhythm with lung parenchymal abnormalities on computed tomography: The MESA study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Kim ◽  
Hassan S. Dashti ◽  
Tianyi Huang ◽  
Brian E. Cade ◽  
Anna J. Podolanczuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Parenchymal Abnormalities

scholarly journals Widespread Parenchymal Abnormalities and Pulmonary Embolism on Contrast-Enhanced CT Predict Disease Severity and Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Campoccia Jalde ◽  
Mats O. Beckman ◽  
Ann Mari Svensson ◽  
Max Bell ◽  
Magnus Sköld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Embolism ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Troponin T ◽  
Main Pulmonary Artery ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Parenchymal Abnormalities ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Diameter ◽  
D Dimer

Purpose: Severe COVID-19 is associated with inflammation, thromboembolic disease, and high mortality. We studied factors associated with fatal outcomes in consecutive COVID-19 patients examined by computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA).Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort analysis included 130 PCR-positive patients hospitalized for COVID-19 [35 women and 95 men, median age 57 years (interquartile range 51–64)] with suspected pulmonary embolism based on clinical suspicion. The presence and extent of embolism and parenchymal abnormalities on CTPA were recorded. The severity of pulmonary parenchymal involvement was stratified by two experienced radiologists into two groups: lesions affecting ≤50% or >50% of the parenchyma. Patient characteristics, radiological aspects, laboratory parameters, and 60-day mortality data were collected.Results: Pulmonary embolism was present in 26% of the patients. Most emboli were small and peripheral. Patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities, with or without pulmonary embolism, had increased main pulmonary artery diameter (p < 0.05) and higher C-reactive protein (p < 0.01), D-dimer (p < 0.01), and troponin T (p < 0.001) and lower hemoglobin (p < 0.001). A wider main pulmonary artery diameter correlated positively with C-reactive protein (r = 0.28, p = 0.001, and n = 130) and procalcitonin. In a multivariant analysis, D-dimer >7.2 mg/L [odds ratio (±95% confidence interval) 4.1 (1.4–12.0)] and ICU stay were significantly associated with embolism (p < 0.001). The highest 60-day mortality was found in patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities combined with pulmonary embolism (36%), followed by patients with widespread parenchymal abnormalities without pulmonary embolism (26%). In multivariate analysis, high troponin T, D-dimer, and plasma creatinine and widespread parenchymal abnormalities on CT were associated with 60-day mortality.Conclusions: Pulmonary embolism combined with widespread parenchymal abnormalities contributed to mortality risk in COVID-19. Elevated C-reactive protein, D-dimer, troponin-T, P-creatinine, and enlarged pulmonary artery were associated with a worse outcome and may mirror a more severe systemic disease. A liberal approach to radiological investigation should be recommended at clinical deterioration, when the situation allows it. Computed tomography imaging, even without intravenous contrast to assess the severity of pulmonary infiltrates, are of value to predict outcome in COVID-19. Better radiological techniques with higher resolution could potentially improve the detection of microthromboses. This could influence anticoagulant treatment strategies, preventing clinical detoriation.

High Resolution Computed Tomography of Bleomycin-Induced Lung Injury in Hodgkin Lymphoma.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 4757-4757
Author(s):  
Meltem Olga Akay ◽  
Ragip Ozkan ◽  
Dondu Uskudar ◽  
Zafer Gulbas
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonitis ◽  
Diffuse Alveolar Damage ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Parenchymal Abnormalities

Abstract Bleomycin is the chemotherapeutic agent most commonly associated with pulmonary toxicity in about 4–20% of treated patients. The diagnosis of bleomycin-induced lung disease is primarily clinical and there is no true gold standart test available. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in monitoring patients for drug toxicity. We prospectively evaluated the HRCT scans of 18 newly diagnosed hodgkin lymphoma patients baseline, after the fourth and the eight cycle of ABVD (Adriamycin-bleomycin-vinblastine-dacarbazine) chemotherapy. The age ranges of the patients was 17–69 years (mean, 35 years). Serial PFTs and arterial blood gases were obtained in addition to imaging studies during bleomycin therapy. The parenchymal abnormalities on HRCT were grouped into different categories according to the dominant pattern and distribution of disease: diffuse alveolar damage (DAD), nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis (NSIP), bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), interstitial pneumonitis and fibrosis and hypersensitivity reaction. Pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities were detected on HRCT in 5 of 18 patients (27.8%). Patient details, cumulative doses of bleomycin and patterns of lung injury are presented in table. Arterial O2 pressure (p<0.01), O2 saturation (p<0.01) and carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) (p<0.01) were decreased after bleomycin therapy compared to baseline values in 18 patients. Our results indicate that HRCT is useful in the diagnosis of bleomycin-induced lung disease by better characterization of the nature of the abnormality and assessment of extent and distribution of disease. Bleomycin-induced lung disease No Age Sex Dose Pattern of lung injury 1 46 M 234 mg BOOP 2 30 M 128 mg NSIP 3 69 F 210 mg NSIP 4 26 M 162 mg BOOP 5 51 M 256 mg NSIP

scholarly journals Automated Lung Segmentation on Chest Computed Tomography Images with Extensive Lung Parenchymal Abnormalities Using a Deep Neural Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung-Jin Yoo ◽  
Soon Ho Yoon ◽  
Jong Hyuk Lee ◽  
Ki Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyoung In Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Deep Neural Network ◽  
Lung Segmentation ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Computed Tomography Images ◽  
Parenchymal Abnormalities

X-ray microtomography

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 998-999
Author(s):  
H.W. Deckman ◽  
B.F. Flannery ◽  
J.H. Dunsmuir ◽  
K.D' Amico
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Individual Element ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Panoramic Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional Images

We have developed a new X-ray microscope which produces complete three dimensional images of samples. The microscope operates by performing X-ray tomography with unprecedented resolution. Tomography is a non-invasive imaging technique that creates maps of the internal structure of samples from measurement of the attenuation of penetrating radiation. As conventionally practiced in medical Computed Tomography (CT), radiologists produce maps of bone and tissue structure in several planar sections that reveal features with 1mm resolution and 1% contrast. Microtomography extends the capability of CT in several ways. First, the resolution which approaches one micron, is one thousand times higher than that of the medical CT. Second, our approach acquires and analyses the data in a panoramic imaging format that directly produces three-dimensional maps in a series of contiguous stacked planes. Typical maps available today consist of three hundred planar sections each containing 512x512 pixels. Finally, and perhaps of most import scientifically, microtomography using a synchrotron X-ray source, allows us to generate maps of individual element.

Computed tomography and ultrasound imaging of Jumper's knee—Patellar tendinitis

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
K MOURAD ◽  
J KING ◽  
P GUGGIANA
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Jumper’S Knee
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