Acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of iliofemoral segment is one of the most dreaded presentations of venous thromboembolism, as it can not only compromise the function of the extremity but may also result in pulmonary embolism and even death. There are many causes for acute iliofemoral DVT, including underdiagnosed May-Thurner syndrome, hypercoagulable syndrome, and external compression on iliocaval segment. The available treatment depends on the acuity of the symptoms. Acute iliofemoral DVT can be treated with medical anticoagulation, pharmacomechanical therapy, including thrombolysis or surgical thrombectomy. Chronic iliofemoral occlusion may be treated with recanalization of the occluded segments with angioplasty stenting.
This review contains 4 Figures, 4 Tables and 63 references
Key Words: acute, angioplasty, deep venous thrombosis, iliofemoral, inferior vena cava, pharmacomechanical therapy, occlusion, stent