scholarly journals Verticillium dahliae secreted protein Vd424Y is required for full virulence, targets the nucleus of plant cells, and induces cell death

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisen Liu ◽  
Zhaohan Wang ◽  
Jianing Li ◽  
Ye Wang ◽  
Jiachen Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Secreted Protein

Characterization of cell death process in plant cells induced by hipoxia and anoxia

2000 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. A372-A372
Author(s):  
E. N. Baranova ◽  
N. V. Kononenko ◽  
T. V. Bragina ◽  
G. M. Grineva ◽  
T. P. Astafurova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Death Process ◽  
Cell Death Process

scholarly journals Constitutive caspase-like machinery executes programmed cell death in plant cells

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 726-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Elbaz ◽  
A Avni ◽  
M Weil
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Plant Cells

Cadmium‐mediated toxicity in plant cells is associated with the DCD / NRP ‐mediated cell death response

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iana Pedro Silva Quadros ◽  
Nayara Nolasco Madeira ◽  
Virgílio Adriano Pereira Loriato ◽  
Thaina Fernanda Fillietaz Saia ◽  
Jéssica Coutinho Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cell Death Response

scholarly journals Cell Death of Nicotiana benthamiana Is Induced by Secreted Protein NIS1 of Colletotrichum orbiculare and Is Suppressed by a Homologue of CgDN3

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kae Yoshino ◽  
Hiroki Irieda ◽  
Fumie Sugimoto ◽  
Hirofumi Yoshioka ◽  
Tetsuro Okuno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Nicotiana Benthamiana ◽  
Protein Gene ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Functional Screening ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Colletotrichum Orbiculare ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Colletotrichum orbiculare, the causal agent of cucumber anthracnose, infects Nicotiana benthamiana. Functional screening of C. orbiculare cDNAs in a virus vector-based plant expression system identified a novel secreted protein gene, NIS1, whose product induces cell death in N. benthamiana. Putative homologues of NIS1 are present in selected members of fungi belonging to class Sordariomycetes, Dothideomycetes, or Orbiliomycetes. Green fluorescent protein–based expression studies suggested that NIS1 is preferentially expressed in biotrophic invasive hyphae. NIS1 lacking signal peptide did not induce NIS1-triggered cell death (NCD), suggesting apoplastic recognition of NIS1. NCD was prevented by virus-induced gene silencing of SGT1 and HSP90, indicating the dependency of NCD on SGT1 and HSP90. Deletion of NIS1 had little effect on the virulence of C. orbiculare against N. benthamiana, suggesting possible suppression of NCD by C. orbiculare at the postinvasive stage. The CgDN3 gene of C. gloeosporioides was previously identified as a secreted protein gene involved in suppression of hypersensitive-like response in Stylosanthes guianensis. Notably, we found that NCD was suppressed by the expression of a CgDN3 homologue of C. orbiculare. Our findings indicate that C. orbiculare expresses NIS1 at the postinvasive stage and suggest that NCD could be repressed via other effectors, including the CgDN3 homologue.

scholarly journals A Verticillium dahliae Extracellular Cutinase Modulates Plant Immune Responses

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Jing Gui ◽  
Wen-Qi Zhang ◽  
Dan-Dan Zhang ◽  
Lei Zhou ◽  
Dylan P. G. Short ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Sequence Divergence ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Carbohydrate Binding ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Virus Induced Gene Silencing ◽  
Plant Defense Responses

Cutinases have been implicated as important enzymes during the process of fungal infection of aerial plant organs. The function of cutinases in the disease cycle of fungal pathogens that invade plants through the roots has been less studied. Here, functional analysis of 13 cutinase (carbohydrate esterase family 5 domain–containing) genes (VdCUTs) in the highly virulent vascular wilt pathogen Verticillium dahliae Vd991 was performed. Significant sequence divergence in cutinase family members was observed in the genome of V. dahliae Vd991. Functional analyses demonstrated that only VdCUT11, as purified protein, induced cell death and triggered defense responses in Nicotiana benthamiana, cotton, and tomato plants. Virus-induced gene silencing showed that VdCUT11 induces plant defense responses in Nicotiana benthamania in a BAK1 and SOBIR-dependent manner. Furthermore, coinfiltration assays revealed that the carbohydrate-binding module family 1 protein (VdCBM1) suppressed VdCUT11-induced cell death and other defense responses in N. benthamiana. Targeted deletion of VdCUT11 in V. dahliae significantly compromised virulence on cotton plants. The cutinase VdCUT11 is an important secreted enzyme and virulence factor that elicits plant defense responses in the absence of VdCBM1.

scholarly journals Evidence for Agrobacterium-Induced Apoptosis in Maize Cells

2000 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Dna Cleavage ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Plant Tissues ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Dicotyledonous Plant ◽  
Apoptotic Genes ◽  
Baculovirus P35 ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

Agrobacterium spp. can genetically transform most dicotyledonous plant cells whereas many monocot species are recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. One major obstacle is that co-cultivation of Agrobacterium spp. with plant tissues often results in cell death. Report here is that, in maize tissues, this process resembles apoptosis, with characteristic DNA cleavage into oligonucleosomal fragments and morphological changes. Two anti-apoptotic genes from baculovirus, p35 and iap, had the ability to prevent the onset of apoptosis triggered by Agrobacterium spp. in maize tissues. p35 is reported to act as a direct inhibitor of a certain class of proteases (caspase) whereas iap may act upstream to prevent their activation. This evidence raises the possibility that caspase-like proteases may also be involved in the apoptotic pathway in plant cells.

Prevention of Copper-Induced Calcium Influx and Cell Death by Prion-Derived Peptide in Suspension-Cultured Tobacco Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Kagenishi ◽  
Ken Yokawa ◽  
Masaki Kuse ◽  
Minoru Isobe ◽  
François Bouteau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Calcium Influx ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Cytosolic Calcium ◽  
Calcium Signal ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Copper Binding ◽  
Channel Opening ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L

Impact of copper on the oxidative and calcium signal transductions leading to cell death in plant cells and the effects of the copper-binding peptide derived from the human prion protein (PrP) as a novel plant-protecting agent were assessed using a cell suspension culture of transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L., cell line BY-2) expressing the aequorin gene. Copper induces a series of biological and chemical reactions in plant cells including the oxidative burst reflecting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as hydroxyl radicals, and stimulation of calcium channel opening, allowing a transient increase in cytosolic calcium concentrations. The former was proven by the action of specifiC ROS scavengers blocking the calcium responses and the latter was proven by an increase in aequorin luminescence and its inhibition by specifi c channel blockers. Following these early events completed within 10 min, the development of copper-induced cell death was observed during additional 1 h in a dose-dependent manner. Addition of a synthetic peptide (KTNMKHMA) corresponding to the neurotoxic sequence in human PrP, prior to the addition of copper, effectively blocked both calcium influx and cell death induced by copper. Lastly, a possible mechanism of peptide action and future applications of this peptide in the protection of plant roots from metal toxicity or in favour of phytoremediation processes are discussed

Ecology of Hantaviruses in Rodent Reservoirs and Their Early Innate Immune Responses in Human Model Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Evan Williams ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Hantavirus Infection ◽  
Secreted Protein ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Protein Levels

The spillover of zoonotic RNA viruses is responsible for a great deal of the disease outbreaks in human populations. These spillover events are set to continue due to anthropogenic and environmental changes that impact the distribution of these viruses. The viruses in the family Hantaviridae are classified as one of these emerging zoonotic RNA viruses. The spillover of the viruses in this family are responsible for two severe human diseases, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). These viruses are distributed across the globe and are responsible for a large number of human disease cases with potentially high mortality rates each year. Unfortunately, there is a lack of surveillance efforts to identify hantaviruses in most countries making accurate diagnosis or recognition of hantavirus cases complicated. To address the potential public health impact of hantaviruses, we surveyed rodents in a rural region of Ukraine, and identified a high prevalence which underscores the potential for human disease in this country. As it is challenging to address how hantaviruses infect humans, I established approaches to evaluate the early innate immune response in primary lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVECs) with pathogenic and nonpathogenic hantaviruses. Surprisingly, my findings challenged some of the current dogma in that there were not dramatic difference between pathogenic and nonpathogenic viruses. This work highlights the critical need for advancement of cell culture models to probe the immune response. To understand the ecology of hantaviruses in their reservoirs their prevalence was studied in northwestern Ukraine. A field capture study was conducted at two sites which each had distinct habitats and contained nine capture lines. During this survey, we captured 424 small mammals, consisting of species across three orders. The most abundant species were Myodes glareolus, the bank vole (45%); Apodemus flavicollis, the yellow-necked mouse (29%); and Apodemus agrarius, the striped field mouse (14.6%). Out of the collection, it was determined that 79 animals were seropositive by immunofluorescent assay (IFA), from which 15.7% were M. glareolus, 20.5% A. flavicollis, and 33.9% A. agrarius. These finding were of interest as M. glareolus and Apodemus spp. harbor Puumala orthohantavirus and Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus viruses, respectively, which are responsible for causing HFRS in humans. IFA reciprocal titer showed a wide distribution indicating new infections are occurring. No relationship was found between species diversity and the proportion of hantavirus seropositive animals captured at these sites. Population analysis on M. glareolus and Apodemus spp. revealed that neither sex nor age was associated with being seropositive. To define the early innate immune responses during human infection by hantaviruses, this research studies the responses in HLMVECs, the primary cells of infection in humans, infected by the pathogenic viruses, Andes orthohantavirus (ANDV) and Hantaan orthohantavirus (HTNV), and the nonpathogenic virus, Prospect Hill orthohantavirus (PHV). A curated list of 39 host genes were studied across multiple time points during the first 72 hours of infection of HLMVECs from a male donor by these three viruses. mRNA level analysis revealed the mRNA levels of only CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL11, IDO1, IFNB1, IRF7, and TLR3 we increased during infection of each viruses. The measurement of CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL11, IDO, and IFN-β secreted protein levels in the same HLMVEC donor during infection confirmed gene expression findings. The study of host immune responses to hantavirus infection was expanded to include HLMVECs from an additional male and two female donors. Measurement of secreted protein levels of CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL11, IDO, and IFN-β by each of the four donors revealed that levels of these proteins are upregulated during infection by each of the viruses. Pair wise analysis on these secreted protein levels by each of the donors during hantavirus infection suggests that donor characteristics and virus species together drive different outcomes. However, female donors had higher levels of CXCL10, IDO, and IFN-β and these increased protein levels were species specific. Lastly, the suppression of immune response involved in cell death were examined and it was found that ANDV is capable of inhibiting cell death in HLMVECs. In summary, the findings presented, show the critical need to understand and define the early innate immune responses to hantaviral infection in human models as well as the necessity of understanding the ecology of hantaviruses in their reservoir hosts.

scholarly journals Does tubulin phosphorylation correlate with cell death in plant cells?

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alla Yemets ◽  
Yarina Sheremet ◽  
Yaroslav B Blume
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Plant Cells
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document