scholarly journals Cytochrome respiration pathway and sulphur metabolism sustain stress tolerance to low temperature in the Antarctic species Colobanthus quitensis

2019 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 754-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Clemente‐Moreno ◽  
Nooshin Omranian ◽  
Patricia Sáez ◽  
Carlos María Figueroa ◽  
Néstor Del‐Saz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Sulphur Metabolism ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
The Antarctic

Low‐temperature tolerance of the Antarctic species Deschampsia antarctica : A complex metabolic response associated with nutrient remobilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1376-1393 ◽  
Author(s):  
María José Clemente‐Moreno ◽  
Nooshin Omranian ◽  
Patricia L. Sáez ◽  
Carlos María Figueroa ◽  
Néstor Del‐Saz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Nutrient Remobilization ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals The effects of methanesulfonic acid on seed germination and morphophysiological changes in the seedlings of two Colobanthus species

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Koc ◽  
Janusz Wasilewski ◽  
Piotr Androsiuk ◽  
Wioleta Kellmann-Sopyła ◽  
Katarzyna Joanna Chwedorzewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Methanesulfonic Acid ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Germination Capacity ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
The Antarctic

The effect of methanesulfonic acid (MSA) on the morphophysiology and biochemistry of the subantarctic species <em>Colobanthus apetalus</em> and the Antarctic species <em>Colobanthus quitensis</em> was examined. We evaluated the effects of various concentrations of MSA on the germination capacity and germination rate of seeds, seedling growth, chlorophyll fluorescence in cotyledons, and the proline content of seedlings under laboratory conditions at temperatures of 20°C (day) and 10°C (night) with a 12/12 h photoperiod. The examined <em>C. apetalus</em> seeds were grown in a greenhouse, and <em>C. quitensis</em> seeds were harvested in Antarctica and grown in a greenhouse (Olsztyn, Poland). The seeds of <em>C. apetalus</em> were characterized by the highest germination capacity and the highest germination rate, whereas <em>C. quitensis</em> seedlings were characterized by the most favorable growth and development. Only the highest concentrations of MSA decreased the intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence in the cotyledons of both <em>Colobanthus</em> species. The proline content of <em>C. apetalus</em> and <em>C. quitensis</em> seedlings increased significantly after MSA treatments. The results of this study clearly indicated that <em>Colobanthus quitensis</em> is more resistant to chemical stress induced by MSA. This is a first study to investigate the influence of MSA on the morphophysiology and biochemistry of higher plants.

scholarly journals Low-temperature protein metabolism: seasonal changes in protein synthesis and RNA dynamics in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna Strebel 1908

2002 ◽  
Vol 205 (19) ◽  
pp. 3077-3086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiron P. P. Fraser ◽  
Andrew Clarke ◽  
Lloyd S. Peck
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Translational Efficiency ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Interspecific Comparisons ◽  
The Antarctic

SUMMARY Protein synthesis is a fundamental and energetically expensive physiological process in all living organisms. Very few studies have examined the specific challenges of manufacturing proteins at low ambient temperatures. At high southern latitudes, water temperatures are continually below or near freezing and are highly stable, while food availability is very seasonal. To examine the effects of low temperature and a highly seasonal food supply on protein metabolism, we have measured wholebody protein synthesis, RNA concentrations, RNA:protein ratios and RNA translational efficiencies in the Antarctic limpet Nacella concinna at four times of the year. From summer to winter, protein synthesis rates decreased by 52%, RNA concentrations decreased by 55% and RNA:protein ratios decreased by 68%, while RNA translational efficiencies were low and very variable. Protein synthesis rates in N. concinna approached those measured in temperate mussels, while RNA:protein ratios were considerably higher than in temperate species. Interspecific comparisons show that species living at low temperatures have elevated RNA:protein ratios, which are probably needed to counteract a thermally induced reduction in RNA translational efficiency. Calculations using theoretical energetic costs of protein synthesis suggest that Antarctic species may allocate a larger proportion of their metabolic budget to protein synthesis than do temperate or tropical species.

scholarly journals Asymmetric responses to simulated global warming by populations of Colobanthus quitensis along a latitudinal gradient

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian S. Acuña-Rodríguez ◽  
Cristian Torres-Díaz ◽  
Rasme Hereme ◽  
Marco A. Molina-Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Long Term Experiment ◽  
Foliar Traits ◽  
The Antarctic

The increase in temperature as consequence of the recent global warming has been reported to generate new ice-free areas in the Antarctic continent, facilitating the colonization and spread of plant populations. Consequently, Antarctic vascular plants have been observed extending their southern distribution. But as the environmental conditions toward southern localities become progressively more departed from the species’ physiological optimum, the ecophysiological responses and survival to the expected global warming could be reduced. However, if processes of local adaptation are the main cause of the observed southern expansion, those populations could appear constrained to respond positively to the expected global warming. Using individuals from the southern tip of South America, the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula, we assess with a long term experiment (three years) under controlled conditions if the responsiveness of Colobanthus quitensis populations to the expected global warming, is related with their different foliar traits and photoprotective mechanisms along the latitudinal gradient. In addition, we tested if the release of the stress condition by the global warming in these cold environments increases the ecophysiological performance. For this, we describe the latitudinal pattern of net photosynthetic capacity, biomass accumulation, and number of flowers under current and future temperatures respective to each site of origin after three growing seasons. Overall, was found a clinal trend was found in the foliar traits and photoprotective mechanisms in the evaluated C. quitensis populations. On the other hand, an asymmetric response to warming was observed for southern populations in all ecophysiological traits evaluated, suggesting that low temperature is limiting the performance of C. quitensis populations. Our results suggest that under a global warming scenario, plant populations that inhabiting cold zones at high latitudes could increase in their ecophysiological performance, enhancing the size of populations or their spread.

Endophytic symbiont yeasts associated with the Antarctic angiosperms Deschampsia antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis

Polar Biology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iara F. Santiago ◽  
Carlos A. Rosa ◽  
Luiz H. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Deschampsia Antarctica ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
The Antarctic

scholarly journals Introduction. Antarctic ecology: from genes to ecosystems. Part 2. Evolution, diversity and functional ecology

2007 ◽  
Vol 362 (1488) ◽  
pp. 2187-2189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex D Rogers ◽  
Eugene J Murphy ◽  
Nadine M Johnston ◽  
Andrew Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Functional Ecology ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Genes To Ecosystems ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
The Antarctic

The Antarctic biota has evolved over the last 100 million years in increasingly isolated and cold conditions. As a result, Antarctic species, from micro-organisms to vertebrates, have adapted to life at extremely low temperatures, including changes in the genome, physiology and ecological traits such as life history. Coupled with cycles of glaciation that have promoted speciation in the Antarctic, this has led to a unique biota in terms of biogeography, patterns of species distribution and endemism. Specialization in the Antarctic biota has led to trade-offs in many ecologically important functions and Antarctic species may have a limited capacity to adapt to present climate change. These include the direct effects of changes in environmental parameters and indirect effects of increased competition and predation resulting from altered life histories of Antarctic species and the impacts of invasive species. Ultimately, climate change may alter the responses of Antarctic ecosystems to harvesting from humans. The unique adaptations of Antarctic species mean that they provide unique models of molecular evolution in natural populations. The simplicity of Antarctic communities, especially from terrestrial systems, makes them ideal to investigate the ecological implications of climate change, which are difficult to identify in more complex systems.

scholarly journals Histidine utilisation operon (hut) is upregulated at low temperature in the antarctic psychrotrophic bacteriumPseudomonas syringae

1998 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kannan ◽  
Kamala L Janiyani ◽  
S Shivaji ◽  
M.K Ray
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
The Antarctic
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