Long‐term nitrogen isotope dynamics in Encelia farinosa reflect plant demographics and climate

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery W. Driscoll ◽  
Steven A. Kannenberg ◽  
James R. Ehleringer
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Encelia Farinosa

scholarly journals Evidence for benthic-pelagic food web coupling and carbon export from California margin bamboo coral archives

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 2595-2621 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Hill ◽  
C. R. Myrvold ◽  
H. J. Spero ◽  
T. P. Guilderson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
California Current ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pelagic Food Webs

Abstract. Deep-sea bamboo corals (order Gorgonacea, family Isididae) are known to record changes in water mass chemistry over decades to centuries. These corals are composed of a two-part skeleton of calcite internodes segmented by gorgonin organic nodes. We examine the spatial variability of bamboo coral organic node 13C/12C and 15N/14N from thirteen bamboo coral specimens sampled along the California margin (37–32° N; 792 to 2136 m depth). Radiocarbon analyses of the organic nodes show the presence of the anthropogenic bomb spike, indicating the corals utilize a surface-derived food source (pre-bomb D14C values of ∼ −100‰, post-bomb values to 82‰). Carbon and nitrogen isotope data from the organic nodes (13C = −15.9‰ to −19.2‰ 15N = 13.8‰ to 19.4‰) suggest selective feeding on surface-derived organic matter or zooplankton. A strong relationship between coral 15N and habitat depth indicate a potential archive of changing carbon export, with decreased 15N values reflecting reduced microbial degradation (increased carbon flux) at shallower depths. Using four multi-centennial length coral records, we interpret long-term 15N stability in the California Current. Organic node 13C values record differences in carbon isotope fractionation dictated by nearshore vs. offshore primary production. These findings imply strong coupling between primary production, pelagic food webs, and deep-sea benthic communities.

Stable nitrogen isotope patterns of trees and soils altered by long-term nitrogen and phosphorus addition to a lowland tropical rainforest

2014 ◽  
Vol 119 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 293-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan R. Mayor ◽  
S. Joseph Wright ◽  
Edward A. G. Schuur ◽  
Mollie E. Brooks ◽  
Benjamin L. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Addition ◽  
Stable Nitrogen Isotope

scholarly journals Quantifying Differential Responses to Fruit Abundance by Two Rainforest Birds Using Long-Term Isotopic Monitoring

The Auk ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gerardo Herrera M. ◽  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Patricia Hernández C. ◽  
Malinalli Rodríguez G.
Keyword(s):  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Stable Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
One Year ◽  
Mionectes Oleagineus ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Plant Sources

Abstract Most tropical passerines feed on insects, fruit, or a combination of the two. The sugary pulps of fruit have lower amounts of protein than insects. We used stable-nitrogen isotope analysis (δ15N) of blood from two tropical rainforest birds that regularly feed on fruit—Red-throated Ant-Tanager (Habia fuscicauda) and Ochre-bellied Flycatcher (Mionectes oleagineus)—to quantify the relative amounts of assimilated protein from animal and plant sources. Because fruit and insect abundances vary seasonally in the tropics, the study was conducted during one year in Los Tuxtlas, Mexico. The study site has one major fruiting peak between April and July and a secondary peak between September and October. Some insects are more abundant from May to August. Red-throated Ant-Tanagers and Ochre-bellied Flycatchers rely heavily on insect protein when fruit is scarce, and then steadily increase their input of fruit protein as fruit abundance increases. Red-throated Ant-Tanagers rely almost entirely on fruit protein during the major fruiting peak, whereas Ochre-bellied Flycatchers have the largest input of fruit protein during the secondary fruit peak. Incubation in both species occurs from June to August, and most incubating individuals rely on a mixture of insects and fruit. In both species, examination of fecal contents showed the ingestion of the largest number of fruit species during the major fruiting peak. Cuantificación de la Respuesta Diferencial a la Abundancia de Frutos por Dos Especies de Aves Selváticas Mediante el Monitoreo Isotópico a Largo Plazo

scholarly journals Stable Isotopic Evidence for Nutrient Rejuvenation and Long-Term Resilience on Tikopia Island (Southeast Solomon Islands)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8567
Author(s):  
Jillian A. Swift ◽  
Patrick V. Kirch ◽  
Jana Ilgner ◽  
Samantha Brown ◽  
Mary Lucas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
External Support ◽  
Deep Time ◽  
Human Land Use

Tikopia Island, a small and relatively isolated Polynesian Outlier in the Southeast Solomon Islands, supports a remarkably dense human population with minimal external support. Examining long-term trends in human land use on Tikopia through archaeological datasets spanning nearly 3000 years presents an opportunity to investigate pathways to long-term sustainability in a tropical island setting. Here, we trace nutrient dynamics across Tikopia’s three pre-European contact phases (Kiki, Sinapupu, Tuakamali) via stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis of commensal Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) and domestic pig (Sus scrofa) bone and tooth dentine collagen. Our results show a decline in δ15N values from the Kiki (c. 800 BC-AD 100) to Sinapupu (c. AD 100–1200) phases, consistent with long-term commensal isotope trends observed on other Polynesian islands. However, increased δ15N coupled with lower δ13C values in the Tuakamali Phase (c. AD 1200–1800) point to a later nutrient rejuvenation, likely tied to dramatic transformations in agriculture and land use at the Sinapupu-Tuakamali transition. This study offers new, quantifiable evidence for deep-time land and resource management decisions on Tikopia and subsequent impacts on island nutrient status and long-term sustainability.

An assessment of long-term food habits of Tsavo elephants based on stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios of bone collagen

1989 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. TIESZEN ◽  
T. W. BOUTTON ◽  
W. K. OTTICHILO ◽  
D. E. NELSON ◽  
D. H. BRANDT
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Isotope Ratios ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Stable Carbon ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen

scholarly journals Evidence for benthic–pelagic food web coupling and carbon export from California margin bamboo coral archives

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3845-3854 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Hill ◽  
C. R. Myrvold ◽  
H. J. Spero ◽  
T. P. Guilderson
Keyword(s):  
Primary Production ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
California Current ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pelagic Food Webs

Abstract. Deep-sea bamboo corals (order Gorgonacea, family Isididae) are known to record changes in water mass chemistry over decades to centuries. These corals are composed of a two-part skeleton of calcite internodes segmented by gorgonin organic nodes. We examine the spatial variability of bamboo coral organic node 13C/12C and 15N/14N from 13 bamboo coral specimens sampled along the California margin (37–32° N, 792–2136 m depth). Radiocarbon analyses of the organic nodes show the presence of the anthropogenic bomb spike, indicating the corals utilize a surface-derived food source (pre-bomb D14C values of ∼−100‰, post-bomb values up to 82‰). Carbon and nitrogen isotope data from the organic nodes (δ13C = −15.9‰ to −19.2‰; δ15N = 13.8‰ to 19.4‰) suggest selective feeding on surface-derived organic matter or zooplankton. A strong relationship between coral δ15N and habitat depth indicates a potential archive of changing carbon export, with decreased δ15N values reflecting reduced microbial degradation (increased carbon flux) at shallower depths. Using four multi-centennial-length coral records, we interpret long-term δ15N stability in the California Current. Organic node δ15C values record differences in carbon isotope fractionation dictated by nearshore vs. offshore primary production. These findings imply strong coupling between primary production, pelagic food webs, and deep-sea benthic communities.

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