Asymmetrical effects of mesophyll conductance on fundamental photosynthetic parameters and their relationships estimated from leaf gas exchange measurements

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 978-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
YING SUN ◽  
LIANHONG GU ◽  
ROBERT E. DICKINSON ◽  
STEPHEN G. PALLARDY ◽  
JOHN BAKER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance

scholarly journals Growth and photosynthetic parameters of saccharine sorghum plants subjected to salinity

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 42607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Liliane Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Humberto Gildo de Sousa ◽  
Maria Lílian Dos Santos Silva ◽  
Claudivan Feitosa de Lacerda ◽  
Enéas Gomes-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Stalk Diameter ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Relative Chlorophyll Content

Plants are often exposed to abiotic stresses such as salinity, which represents a barrier to the cultivation of agricultural species mainly in arid and semi-arid regions. This study evaluated the development of four saccharine sorghum genotypes for tolerance to different salinity levels under greenhouse conditions. The experimental design was a randomized complete block arranged in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, which corresponded to five levels of irrigation water salinity [electrical conductivities of 0.5 (control), 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0 dS m-1] and four saccharine sorghum genotypes (CSF 11, CSF 15, P 76 and P 298), with five replicates. The plants were evaluated for dry mass production, leaf area, height, stalk diameter, leaf gas exchange and relative chlorophyll content. The growth and leaf gas exchange measurements of the saccharine sorghum plants were significantly affected by salinity stress. Among the genotypes, CSF 11 and CSF 15 exhibited smaller reductions in growth, whereas P 298 showed the greatest reduction. These findings show that genotype CSF 11 can be classified as the most tolerant to salt stress, and genotype P 298 is the most sensitive.

scholarly journals Low temperature impact on photosynthetic parameters of coffee genotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (11) ◽  
pp. 1404-1415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Luiz Partelli ◽  
Henrique Duarte Vieira ◽  
Alexandre Pio Viana ◽  
Paula Batista-Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigment ◽  
Total Activity ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase

The objective of this work was to evaluate photoprotective mechanisms related to low positive temperatures in Coffea canephora (Conilon clones 02 and 153) and C. arabica ('Catucaí' IPR 102) genotypes, involved in cold temperature tolerance. To accomplish this, one-year-old plants were successively submitted to: temperature decrease of 0.5ºC day-1, from 25/20ºC to 13/8ºC; a three-day chilling cycle at 13/4ºC; and a recovery period of 14 days (25/20ºC). During the experiment, leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and leaf photosynthetic pigment content were evaluated. Total activity of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) and ribulose-5-phosphate kinase (Ru5PK) were quantified to measure the activity of photosynthesis key enzymes. All genotypes showed low temperature sensitivity, but displayed diverse cold impact and recovery capabilities regarding the photosynthetic-related parameters studied. Catucaí IPR 102 cultivar showed better ability to cope with cold stress than the Conilon clones, especially Conilon 02, and had full recovery of leaf gas exchange, fluorescence parameters, enzymatic activity, and higher contents of the photoprotective pigments zeaxanthin and lutein.

scholarly journals (430) Leaf Gas Exchange of Carrots in Response to Increasing Leaf Temperatures

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1075D-1075
Author(s):  
F. Christine Pettipas ◽  
Rajasekaran R. Lada ◽  
Robert Gordon ◽  
Tess Astatkie
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Red Core

Increasing temperature as a result of global climate change is expected to exert a great influence on agricultural crops, possibly through effects on photosynthesis. Response to temperature of leaf gas exchange parameters of carrot (Daucus carota L. var. sativus) cultivars Cascade, Carson, Oranza, and Red Core Chantenay (RCC) were examined in a controlled growth room experiment. Leaf net photosynthetic rate (PN), stomatal conductance (gs), and transpiration rate (E) were measured at temperatures ranging from 15 to 35 °C at 370 μmol·mol-1 (CO2) and 450±20 μmol·m-2·s-1 PAR. The cultivars responded similarly to increasing temperature and did not differ in most photosynthetic parameters except gs. The PN increased between 20 and 30 °C, thereafter increasing only slightly to 35 °C. On average, increasing temperature from 20 to 30 °C increased PN by 69%. Carboxylation efficiencies (Ca/Ci ratio) ranged from 1.12–2.33 mmol·mol-1 while maximum PN were 3.25, 3.90, 5.49, 4.19 μmol·m-2·s-1 for Carson, RCC, Cascade, and Oranza, respectively. The E did not reach maximum at 35 °C while gs peaked at 30 °C and then decreased by 93% at 35 °C. The water use efficiency (WUE) decreased with an increase in temperature due to increases in both PN and E. The results indicate that increasing temperatures above the seasonal average (<20 °C) increases both PN and E up to 30–35 °C. An increase in photosynthesis due to an increase in temperature is expected to hasten growth. Carrots may be able to withstand a moderate increase in temperature.

scholarly journals Explicit expression of mesophyll conductance in the traditional leaf photosynthesis-transpiration coupled model and its physiological significances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Luo ◽  
Marc Carriqui ◽  
Miquel Nadal ◽  
Tuo Han ◽  
Christiane Werner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Explicit Expression ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Mesophyll Conductance ◽  
Optimal Temperature ◽  
Exchange Method

Almost all terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) still assume infinite mesophyll conductance (gm) to estimate photosynthesis and transpiration. This assumption has caused low accuracy of TBMs to predict leaf gas exchange under certain conditions. Here, we developed a photosynthesis-transpiration coupled model that explicitly considers gm and designed an optimized parameterization solution through evaluating four different gm estimation methods in 19 C3 species at 31 experimental treatments. Temperature responses of the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and the electron transport rate (Jmax) estimated using the Bayesian retrieval algorithm and the Sharkey online calculator and gm temperature response estimated using the chlorophyll fluorescence-gas exchange method and anatomy method predicted leaf gas exchange better. The gm temperature response exhibited activation energy (delta Ha) of 63.13+-36.89 kJ mol-1 and entropy (delta S) of 654.49+-11.36 J K-1 mol-1. The gm optimal temperature (Topt_gm) explained 58% of variations in photosynthesis optimal temperature (ToptA). The gm explicit expression has equally important effects on photosynthesis and transpiration estimations. Results advanced understandings of better representation of plant photosynthesis and transpiration in TBMs.

The Effects of Drought on Leaf Gas Exchange and Growth of Three Species of Herbaceous Perennials

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 540a-540
Author(s):  
K.J. Prevete ◽  
R.T. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Herbaceous Perennials ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Analysis System

Three species of herbaceous perennials were tested on their ability to withstand and recover from drought stress periods of 2, 4, and 6 days. Eupatorium rugosum and Boltonia asteroides `Snowbank' were chosen because of their reported drought intolerance, while Rudbeckia triloba was chosen based on its reported drought tolerance. Drought stress began on 19 Sept. 1997. Plants were transplanted into the field the day following the end of each stress period. The effects of drought on transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthetic rate were measured during the stress and throughout recovery using an infrared gas analysis system. Leaf gas exchange measurements were taken through recovery until there were no differences between the stressed plants and the control plants. Transpiration, stomatal conductance, and photosynthesis of Rudbeckia and Boltonia were not affected until 4 days after the start of stress. Transpiration of Eupatorium decreased after 3 days of stress. After rewatering, leaf gas exchange of Boltonia and Rudbeckia returned to non-stressed levels quicker than Eupatorium. Growth measurements were taken every other day during stress, and then weekly following transplanting. Measurements were taken until a killing frost that occurred on 3 Nov. There were no differences in the growth between the stressed and non-stressed plants in any of the species. Plants will be monitored throughout the winter, spring, and summer to determine the effects of drought on overwintering capability and regrowth.

scholarly journals Grapevine species from varied native habitats exhibit differences in embolism formation/repair associated with leaf gas exchange and root pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1503-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
THORSTEN KNIPFER ◽  
ASHLEY EUSTIS ◽  
CRAIG BRODERSEN ◽  
ANDREW M. WALKER ◽  
ANDREW J. MCELRONE
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Pressure ◽  
Native Habitats

scholarly journals An improved theory for calculating leaf gas exchange more precisely accounting for small fluxes

Nature Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego A. Márquez ◽  
Hilary Stuart-Williams ◽  
Graham D. Farquhar
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange

Long-term liming improves soil fertility and soybean root growth, reflecting improvements in leaf gas exchange and grain yield

2021 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 126308
Author(s):  
João William Bossolani ◽  
Carlos Alexandre Costa Crusciol ◽  
José Roberto Portugal ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Moretti ◽  
Ariani Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Soybean Root

scholarly journals Shading Effects on Leaf Gas Exchange, Leaf Pigments and Secondary Metabolites of Polygonum minus Huds., an Aromatic Medicinal Herb

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Fairuz Fatini Mohd Yusof ◽  
Jamilah Syafawati Yaacob ◽  
Normaniza Osman ◽  
Mohd Hafiz Ibrahim ◽  
Wan Abd Al Qadr Imad Wan-Mohtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Photosynthesis Rate ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Polygonum Minus

The growing demand for high value aromatic herb Polygonum minus-based products have increased in recent years, for its antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory potentials. Although few reports have indicated the chemical profiles and antioxidative effects of Polygonum minus, no study has been conducted to assess the benefits of micro-environmental manipulation (different shading levels) on the growth, leaf gas exchange and secondary metabolites in Polygonum minus. Therefore, two shading levels (50%:T2 and 70%:T3) and one absolute control (0%:T1) were studied under eight weeks and 16 weeks of exposures on Polygonum minus after two weeks. It was found that P. minus under T2 obtained the highest photosynthesis rate (14.892 µmol CO2 m−2 s−1), followed by T3 = T1. The increase in photosynthesis rate was contributed by the enhancement of the leaf pigments content (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b). This was shown by the positive significant correlations observed between photosynthesis rate with chlorophyll a (r2 = 0.536; p ≤ 0.05) and chlorophyll b (r2 = 0.540; p ≤ 0.05). As the shading levels and time interval increased, the production of total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant properties of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) also increased. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also significantly enhanced under T2 and T3. The current study suggested that P.minus induce the production of more leaf pigments and secondary metabolites as their special adaptation mechanism under low light condition. Although the biomass was affected under low light, the purpose of conducting the study to boost the bioactive properties in Polygonum minus has been fulfilled by 50% shading under 16 weeks’ exposure.

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