scholarly journals Long‐term survival and clinical forms in the acute phase of Chikungunya virus infection in older Caribbeans

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidvine Godaert ◽  
Seendy Bartholet ◽  
Fatiha Najioullah ◽  
Hanitra Andrianasolo ◽  
Lukshe Kanagaratnam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Clinical Forms

scholarly journals Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Analysis of Aggressive Types of Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Patients with Complete Remission after Intensive Combination Chemotherapy

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 1648-1648
Author(s):  
Tatsuro Jo ◽  
Kensuke Horio ◽  
Kazuto Shigematsu
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Complete Remission ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Herpes Virus Infection ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Specific Ctls ◽  
Provirus Load

Abstract Introduction: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a peripheral T-cell malignancy caused by human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I). Most ATLL cells are CD4 and CCR4 positive, and CD8 negative. ATLL is classified into 4 clinical subtypes: smoldering, chronic, acute, and lymphoma. Acute and lymphoma type ATLLs, which are aggressive types, have a very poor prognosis. In Japan, aggressive ATLLs are commonly treated by intensive chemotherapies, such as VCAP-AMP-VECP, modified LSG15 therapy, and biweekly CHOP therapy. Recently, an anti-CCR4 monoclonal antibody (mogamulizumab) was approved for relapse and refractory ATLL in Japan. Mogamulizumab induces a highly potent antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity, suggesting the importance of immuno-cell therapy for treatment of ATLL. We report here the extremely interesting results of aggressive ATLL patients with long-term survival and complete remission (CR) after activation of cellular immunity against ATLL cells following intensive chemotherapies. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 46 cases of aggressive ATLLs diagnosed at the Nagasaki Genbaku Hospital between January 2001 and August 2011. Of these, 7 patients had long-term survival greater than 3 years with CR after intensive chemotherapies. Four of these 7 patients had human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A02:01 or HLA-A24:02, and were investigated using anti-HTLV-I specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) analysis. The HTLV-I provirus load in peripheral blood was also analyzed. Results: Table 1 summarizes the characteristics of 7 aggressive type ATLL patients with long-term survival. Four patients were male and 3 were female. Six patients were classified as lymphoma type and 1 as acute type ATLL. The median age was 68 (range, 60–78) years. The median survival period from the onset of the disease was 111 (range, 36–165) months. In all 7 patients, the CD4/CD8 ratio reversed during, or shortly after, chemotherapy and CD8 predominance continued for more than 1 year (range, 13–165 months, median 24 months). Three patients had herpes virus infection during chemotherapy and reversal of the CD4/CD8 ratio appeared just after herpes virus infection in 2 of these patients. These observations suggested that HTLV-I specific CTLs were induced and contributed to the treatment of ATLL in these patients. An HTLV-I specific CTL analysis currently is available in patients with HLA-A02:01 and HLA-A24:02. Three of 7 aggressive ATLL patients with long-term survival and CR had HLA-A02:01 and 1 had HLA-A24:02. Therefore, HTLV-I specific CTL analysis and HTLV-I provirus load in the peripheral blood were performed in all 4 patients. Each patient was examined twice, once in 2012 and once in 2014. HTLV-I specific CTLs were detected in all patients (Table 2 and Figure 1). Although all patients maintained CR for, HTLV-I proviruses were detected in the peripheral blood in all patients (Table 2). This phenomenon was observed both in 2012 and in 2014 (Table 2 and Figure 1). Conclusions: The findings from this study suggest that HTLV-I specific CTLs can be induced in patients with aggressive types of ATLL. In patients having long survival with CR, these CTLs can contribute to treatment and may play a roll inhibiting the relapse of ATLL. The development of efficacious methods to induce HTLV-I specific CTLs in individual ATLL patients may lead to improved outcomes for aggressive types of ATLL. Table 1. Summary of aggressive type ATLL patients with long-term survival and complete remission PatientNo. Gender Age(year) Survival fromthe onset of ATLL (months) Duration ofCD4/CD8 reversal(months) Herpes virus infection 1 Male 69 165 165 + 2 Male 68 140 96 + 3 Female 71 71 65 - 4 Male 60 124 13 + 5 Female 61 111 18 - 6 Male 78 36 13 - 7 Female 65 56 24 - Table 2. A Summary of HTLV-I specific CTL analysis and HTLV-I provirus load in the peripheral blood Patient No. HLA 2012 2014 CTL HTLV-I provirus CTL HTLV-I provirus (%) (copies/1000 cells) (%) (copies/1000 cells) 1 A02:01 0.11 35.4 0.13 61.9 2 A02:01 0.78 24.4 1.56 14.7 5 A02:01 1.06 7.1 1.31 13.3 7 A24:02 2.07 26.4 3.64 27.9 Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Author response for "A simple acute phase protein score to predict long‐term survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia"

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hein, Alexander D. ◽  
Hugo, Rebecca ◽  
Berger, Martin D. ◽  
Novak, Urban ◽  
Bacher, Ulrike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Author Response ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Simple acute phase protein score to predict long‐term survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander D. Heini ◽  
Rebecca Hugo ◽  
Martin D. Berger ◽  
Urban Novak ◽  
Ulrike Bacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Acute Phase Protein ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Phase Protein ◽  
Acute Myeloid

scholarly journals Deletion of Two Genes in Burkholderia pseudomallei MSHR668 That Target Essential Amino Acids Protect Acutely Infected BALB/c Mice and Promote Long Term Survival

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kei Amemiya ◽  
Jennifer L. Dankmeyer ◽  
Sergei S. Biryukov ◽  
Sylvia R. Treviño ◽  
Christopher P. Klimko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Burkholderia Pseudomallei ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection

Melioidosis is an emerging disease that is caused by the facultative intracellular pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei. It is intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics and host risk factors play a major role in susceptibility to infection. Currently, there is no human or animal vaccine against melioidosis. In this study, multiple B. pseudomallei MSHR668 deletion mutants were evaluated as live attenuated vaccines in the sensitive BALB/c mouse model of melioidosis. The most efficacious vaccines after an intraperitoneal challenge with 50-fold over the 50% median lethal dose (MLD50) with B. pseudomallei K96243 were 668 ΔhisF and 668 ΔilvI. Both vaccines completely protected mice in the acute phase of infection and showed significant protection (50% survivors) during the chronic phase of infection. The spleens of the survivors that were examined were sterile. Splenocytes from mice vaccinated with 668 ΔhisF and 668 ΔilvI expressed higher amounts of IFN-γ after stimulation with B. pseudomallei antigens than splenocytes from mice vaccinated with less protective candidates. Finally, we demonstrate that 668 ΔhisF is nonlethal in immunocompromised NOD/SCID mice. Our results show that 668 ΔhisF and 668 ΔilvI provide protective cell-mediated immune responses in the acute phase of infection and promote long term survival in the sensitive BALB/c mouse model of melioidosis.

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