Does foreign investment liberalisation enhance women's economic status? Micro‐evidence from urban China

World Economy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 3404-3429
Author(s):  
Linhui Yu ◽  
Junsen Zhang ◽  
Yanbing Wen
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban China

scholarly journals Decomposing inequality in catastrophic health expenditure for self-reported hypertension household in Urban Shaanxi, China from 2008 to 2013: two waves’ cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e023033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Si ◽  
Zhongliang Zhou ◽  
Min Su ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xin Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Catastrophic Health Expenditure ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveDespite the latest wave of China’s healthcare reform initiated in 2009 has achieved unprecedented progress in rural areas, little is known for specific vulnerable groups’ catastrophic health expenditure (CHE) in urban China. This study aims to estimate the trend of incidence, intensity and inequality of CHE in hypertension households (households with one or more than one hypertension patient) in urban Shaanxi, China from 2008 to 2013.MethodsBased on the fourth and the fifth National Health Service Surveys of Shaanxi, we identified 460 and 1289 households with hypertension in 2008 and 2013, respectively for our analysis. We classified hypertension households into two groups: simplex households (with hypertension only) and mixed households (with hypertension plus other non-communicable diseases). CHE would be identified if out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure was equal to or higher than 40% of a household’s capacity to pay. Concentration index and its decomposition based on Probit regressions were employed to measure the income-related inequality of CHE.ResultsWe find that CHE occurred in 11.2% of the simplex households and 22.1% of the mixed households in 2008, and the 21.5% of the simplex households and the 46.9% of mixed households incurred CHE in 2013. Furthermore, there were strong pro-poor inequalities in CHE in the simplex households (−0.279 and −0.283) and mixed households (−0.362 and −0.262) both in 2008 and 2013. The majority of observed inequalities in CHE could be associated with household economic status, household head’s health status and having elderly members.ConclusionWe find a sharp increase of CHE occurrence and the sustained strong pro-poor inequalities for simplex and mixed households in urban Shaanxi Province of China from 2008 to 2013. Our study suggests that more concerns are needed for the vulnerable groups such as hypertension households in urban areas of China.

scholarly journals Household fuel choice in urban China: evidence from panel data

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Bing Zhang ◽  
Sied Hassen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
Gender And Education ◽  
Correlated Random Effects ◽  
Household Survey Data ◽  
Generalized Ordered Probit

AbstractUsing eight rounds of household survey data that span two decades, this paper analyzes the determinants of household fuel choice in urban China. Using the correlated random effects generalized ordered probit model, the authors find that household fuel choice in urban China is related to fuel prices, households’ economic status and size and household head's gender and education. The results suggest that policies and interventions that increase households’ income, reduce the price advantage of dirty fuels (e.g., taxing coal) and empower women in the household are of great significance in encouraging the use of clean energy sources.

scholarly journals Living space and psychological well-being in urban China: Differentiated relationships across socio-economic gradients

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hu ◽  
Rory Coulter
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Subjective Experiences ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Living Space ◽  
Family Wealth

Western research has shown that a shortage of living space is associated with poor psychological well-being. By contrast, norms and practices of extended family co-residence, collectivist social organization, and a bureaucratic quota-based housing allocation system were thought to limit the adverse psychological effects of cramped dwelling conditions in pre-reform China. As these buffers may be weakening with the dramatic housing reforms, socio-economic, and cultural changes taking place in post-reform urban China, we use data from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies ( N = 13,367) to re-examine the relationship between living space and psychological well-being in contemporary Chinese cities. In particular, we examine the ways in which this relationship is moderated by family wealth and community poverty in order to explore how subjective experiences of dwelling space are shaped by one’s relative socio-economic position. The results show that cramped living conditions are significantly associated with poor psychological well-being in post-reform urban China. Importantly, the psychological implications of cramped dwellings may vary with family and particularly community socio-economic status as this association tends to be stronger among more affluent families and communities than among those that are more impoverished. Taken together the findings indicate that uneven socio-economic development, segmented cultural change, and drastic housing reforms within China’s cities may be interacting to configure people’s housing experiences and health outcomes.

Predictors of Family Caregiver Burden in Shanghai

2020 ◽  
pp. 073346482095102
Author(s):  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Family Caregiver Burden

This study explored predictors of family caregiver burden against the backdrop of the rapidly aging population and gradually weakening family care in urban China. It used a unique sample from the 2017 survey on older adults with functional disability and their family caregivers in Shanghai, China. A multi-pronged approach and ordinary least squares (OLS) regression were employed to identify predictors of family caregiver burden. Statistical analysis revealed that approximately 25% of caregivers felt stressed. Many independent variables related to caregivers, care recipients, their relationship, and social support had statistically significant impacts on caregiver burden. This study also found that caregiver educational level, caregiver family economic status, and the number of other caregivers had significant moderating effects on the correlation between older people’s ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and family caregiver burden. Policy implications derived from those findings were also discussed.

Rural Migrants in Shanghai: Living under the Shadow of Socialism

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 520-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Feng ◽  
Xuejin Zuo ◽  
Danching Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Rural Migrants ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
Income Determination

This article examines the fate of rural migrants in Shanghai, China's largest metropolis. Relying on data from a representative survey, it provides a profile of recent rural migrants and analyzes the pattern of occupational and income determination among them. The economic status between migrants and local residents is also compared. The authors show that despite a marked income improvement, rural migrants in Shanghai are still segregated from urban residents and argue that the social divide between urban and rural areas created under socialism has continued to function and may contribute to the formation of a dual society in urban China.

Location Decisions and Network Configurations of Foreign Investment in Urban China∗

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Dennis Wei ◽  
Jun Luo ◽  
Qiang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Location Decisions

Impact of Social Work Services on the Resilience of Migrant Children

2021 ◽  
pp. 104973152110516
Author(s):  
Dan Huang ◽  
Wenyi Lin ◽  
Yingting Luo ◽  
Yang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Migrant Children ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Work Organizations ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Guangzhou City ◽  
Household Economic Status ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: This study examines the effectiveness of social work services designed to enhance resilience among migrant children in urban China. Methods: We selected four primary schools (i.e., two public and two private migrant schools) in the X District, Guangzhou City, China. A total of 461 valid samples were surveyed for analysis. Three regression models were employed to explain the influence of social work services on students’ resilience. Results: Social work services exert a positive and significant influence on the resilience of migrant children. Concretely, social work services in terms of educational activities, interest activities, and psychological counseling affected the resilience of migrant children after controlling for the impact of social capital, self-efficacy, and individual and household economic status. Moreover, students who participated in educational activities exhibit superior resilience. Discussion: Social work organizations should provide more participation opportunities and diversified service items to migrant children.

An empirical analysis of homeownership in urban China

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Gan ◽  
Baiding Hu ◽  
Cindy Gao ◽  
Betty Kao ◽  
David A. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – This paper seeks to investigate the impact of socioeconomic factors of homebuyers such as gender, age, marital status, education, economic status and race on home ownership and loan decisions in urban China. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs logistic regression to investigate the socioeconomic factors affecting the consumers' house purchase decision in urban China and the factors affecting the housing loan application. Findings – Using a structured questionnaire to collect relevant data from household residents (both homeowners and non-home owners) in Nanjing in 2010, the findings document that male respondents who are non-minorities and have higher levels of education are more likely to purchase a house. The results also show that race, educational attainment, size of household and credit card ownership are significantly related to rejection for a housing loan. Research limitations/implications – The findings in this paper provide homebuyers with a better understanding of factors affecting the housing loans and their decision to purchase a house. Homebuyers can accurately assess their financial ability and improve the use of their credit to purchase a house. In addition, Chinese homebuyers should be encouraged to save since savings serve as a step in building their credit worthiness; therefore, their accessibility to housing loans can be improved and the rate of homeownership will be increased as well. Originality/value – This research would benefit both lender and borrowers. The research findings provide banks with a better understanding of homebuyers' characteristics that influence their accessibilities to housing loans. Homeownership requires affordable housing financing. Banks should consider repackaging their home loan products to make them more attractive to those with limited means. Such products should focus on making loans more affordable in real terms. First-time homebuyers are almost always young and earn low incomes.

Oral Language Behavior of Older Cerebral Palsied Children

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell J. Love
Keyword(s):  
Oral Language ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Language Behavior ◽  
Hearing Acuity

A battery of six tests assessing various aspects of receptive and expressive oral language was administered to 27 cerebral palsied children and controls matched on the variables of age, intelligence, sex, race, hearing acuity, socio-economic status, and similarity of educational background. Results indicated only minimal differences between groups. Signs of deviancy in language behavior often attributed to the cerebral palsied were not observed. Although previous investigators have suggested consistent language disturbances in the cerebral palsied, evidence for a disorder of comprehension and formulation of oral symobls was not found.

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