Incidence of hospital‐acquired pressure injury: A cohort study of adults admitted to public and private hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Abstract Background Prescription drugs constitute the primary source of revenue for the pharmaceutical industry. Most pharmaceutical companies commit a great deal of time and money to market in hopes of convincing physicians about their products. The objective of this study is to assess perceived influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies on physicians’ prescribing behaviors in hospitals, Dessie, Ethiopia. Methods Mixed methods sequential explanatory design was employed in two public and three private hospitals. A cross-sectional study design was employed by including (136) physicians working in public and private hospitals. Percentage, mean, standard deviation, and multiple linear regressions were computed using Statistical Package for Social Science. In the second phase, the phenomenological design was employed to fully explore in-depth information. Purposive sampling was used to select key informants and 14 in-depth interviews were conducted by the principal investigator. Content analysis was performed using Nvivo 11 plus and interpretation by narrative strategies. Results The overall perceived influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies in physicians’ prescribing behavior was 55.9%. The influence of promotion, product, place and price strategy perceived by physicians in their prescribing behavior was 83 (61%), 71(52.2%), 71 (52.2%), 80 (58.8%) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference among marketing mix strategies (β = 0.08, p = < 0.001). Determinants on the influence of physicians’ prescribing behavior were specialty (p = 0.01) and working areas (p = 0.04). The qualitative design also generates additional insights into the influence of pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies on physician prescribing behavior. Conclusions More than half of physicians perceived that pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies influence their prescribing behavior. The qualitative design also revealed that pharmaceutical marketing mix strategies influenced physicians prescribing behavior. Strengthening the regulation and maintaining ethical practice would help to rationalize the physicians’ prescribing practice.

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THE CO-PRODUCTION OF INNOVATION: A CASE STUDY IN A REHABILITATION HOSPITAL

RAM Revista de Administração Mackenzie ◽

10.1590/1678-69712016/administracao.v17n4p108-129 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 109-129

Author(s):

REGIS SILAS CARDOSO ◽

ANTONIO ISIDRO DA SILVA FILHO ◽

LEAR VALADARES VIEIRA

Keyword(s):

Private Hospitals ◽

Public And Private ◽

Production Studies ◽

Rehabilitation Hospital ◽

Innovative Process ◽

Innovation Capacity ◽

Public And Private Hospitals ◽

Methodological Aspects ◽

Research Analysis

ABSTRACT Purpose: Understand how the user, the provider/supplier and the decision maker interact in the innovative process, as well as identify how the co-production occurs. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: There is evidence that the innovation derives among other factors from elements that characterize the co-production. Studies involving co-production of innovation are scarce. This study contributes to increase the theoretical knowledge in innovation in hospitals, mainly regarding co-production of innovation. Key methodological aspects: It is a qualitative study with case study strategy. Data collection through interviews and documentary research. Analysis of the data by technique of content analysis. Summary of key results: The logic of product development is still applied in the development of technological solutions for the hospital, against the logic of services, involving the interaction of customer with supplier. The results also suggest the possibility of relationship between innovation capacity and occurrence of innovation, pointing out the need to test this relationship in future works. Key considerations/conclusions: It is necessary to understand and investigate the mechanisms that allow the interaction of users, from design to implementation of innovation. It is also important to investigate whether the elements that characterize the co-production are relevant to explain innovation in hospitals, because elements were identified related to the concept of innovation that deserves to be better understood, including in contexts of public and private hospitals.

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