scholarly journals SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF ANGLE, LENGTH AND BRIM HEIGHT OF THE DIFFUSER FOR THE SMALL DIFFUSER AUGMENTED WIND TURBIN

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 280-291
Author(s):  
Yu Yu Maw ◽  
Min Thaw Tun
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Efficient Design ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Baseline Design ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Face Centered

This paper presents the performance of the diffuser augmented wind turbine (DAWT) with the various diffuser shapes using the numerical investigations. DAWT is also a type of wind turbine and the diffuser shapes, the nozzle shapes and the cylindrical shapes are commonly inserted around the horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) to become the more efficient wind turbine. The aim of this study is to find the more efficient design of the diffuser for the horizontal axis wind turbine using the numerical investigations. In this research, the converging and diverging diffuser shape is inserted and the airfoil design is calculated by using the Blade Elementary Momentum Theory. The airfoil type NACA 4412 is chosen because it is suitable for the low wind speed area and easy to produce. The turbulent model k-ω is combined with the Navier Stoke equation to solve the 3-dimensional steady flow simulation of the diffuser augmented wind turbine using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. The numerical investigation is used to compare and predict the power coefficient of the DAWT with various shapes. The baseline design of the diffuser (L = 170 mm, H = 57 mm and α = 11̊) is firstly investigated. To predict the power coefficient of the various diffuser shapes, the range of the length of the diffuser is (L/D = 0.5 to 1.5), the range of the brim height of the diffuser (H/D = 0.1 to 0.35) and the range of the angle of the diffuser (α = 5̊ to 15̊ ) are also investigated. The parameters of the diffuser shapes are assigned by using the Central Composite Design Face Centered Method. The response surface method is also used to predict the most efficient diffuser design. The performance of the horizontal axis wind turbine, that of the diffuser augmented wind turbine and that of the diffuser augmented wind turbine with various shapes of diffuser are compared. The performance of new diffuser augmented wind turbine (IND_009) is 50% and 55% higher than the baseline diffuser augmented wind turbine and the horizontal axis wind turbine at rated velocity. The flow visualization of the HAWT, DAWTs are also discussed.

scholarly journals Performance Analysis of Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine with Airfoil NACA 4412

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 347-357
Author(s):  
Syam Widiyanto ◽  
Sasongko Pramonohadi ◽  
Mohammad Kholid Ridwan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Integral Boundary ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
A Value ◽  
Optimal Power

The horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) design with low wind speed requires blade geometry selection. The analysis uses the potential flow panel method and the integral boundary layer formulation to analyze wind flow around the airfoil. The blade design with the blade element momentum (BEM) theory has an aerodynamic coefficient value along the blade. Power wind calculates to model the wind shear pressure at each blade. This research aims to determine the wind turbine rotor based on the performance, including the power coefficient, tip speed ratio, power, and rpm. The simulation uses an airfoil NACA 4412 which has optimal coefficient lift (Cl) = 1.92 at 190 pitch of angle, coefficient drag (Cd) = 0.0635 at 130 pitch angle and Cl / Cd = 155 at tilt angle = 40. Five models of 2.5 m diameter blades with different angles for each chord. The test results show that the change in the speed ratio affects the power coefficient so that the optimal power coefficient on NACA 4412 in experiment 5 is 0.56, and change in rotation per minute affects the output power so that the rotation per minute and the optimal power in experiment 4 with a value of 374 rpm and 553 W.

scholarly journals Canard optimization for enhancing the performance of small horizontal axis wind turbine at low wind speeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Yui-Chuin Shiah ◽  
Chia Hsiang Chang ◽  
Yu-Jen Chen ◽  
Ankam Vinod Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Low Wind Speeds

ABSTRACT Generally, the environmental wind speeds in urban areas are relatively low due to clustered buildings. At low wind speeds, an aerodynamic stall occurs near the blade roots of a horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT), leading to decay of the power coefficient. The research targets to design canards with optimal parameters for a small-scale HAWT system operated at variable rotational speeds. The design was to enhance the performance by delaying the aerodynamic stall near blade roots of the HAWT to be operated at low wind speeds. For the optimal design of canards, flow fields of the sample blades with and without canards were both simulated and compared with the experimental data. With the verification of our simulations, Taguchi analyses were performed to seek the optimum parameters of canards. This study revealed that the peak performance of the optimized canard system operated at 540 rpm might be improved by ∼35%.

Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine: Analytical Blade Design and Comparison With RANS-Prediction and First Experimental Data

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Gerhard ◽  
Michael Sturm ◽  
Thomas H. Carolus
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Computational Domain ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Data Set

State-of-the-art wind turbine performance prediction is mainly based on semi-analytical models, incorporating blade element momentum (BEM) analysis and empirical models. Full numerical simulation methods can yield the performance of a wind turbine without empirical assumptions. Inherent difficulties are the large computational domain required to capture all effects of the unbounded ambient flow field and the fact that the boundary layer on the blade may be transitional. A modified turbine design method in terms of the velocity triangles, Euler’s turbine equation and BEM is developed. Lift and drag coefficients are obtained from XFOIL, an open source 2D design and analysis tool for subcritical airfoils. A 3 m diameter horizontal axis wind turbine rotor was designed and manufactured. The flow field is predicted by means of a Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes simulation. Two turbulence models were utilized: (i) a standard k-ω-SST model, (ii) a laminar/turbulent transition model. The manufactured turbine is placed on the rooftop of the University of Siegen. Three wind anemometers and wind direction sensors are arranged around the turbine. The torque is derived from electric power and the rotational speed via a calibrated grid-connected generator. The agreement between the analytically and CFD-predicted kinematic quantities up- and downstream of the rotor disc is quite satisfactory. However, the blade section drag to lift ratio and hence the power coefficient vary with the turbulence model chosen. Moreover, the experimentally determined power coefficient is considerably lower as predicted by all methods. However, this conclusion is somewhat preliminary since the existing experimental data set needs to be extended.

scholarly journals Investigation of an Innovative Rotor Modification for a Small-Scale Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Bugała ◽  
Olga Roszyk
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Turbine Blades ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Airflow Distribution

This paper presents the results of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of the airflow for a 300 W horizontal axis wind turbine, using additional structural elements which modify the original shape of the rotor in the form of multi-shaped bowls which change the airflow distribution. A three-dimensional CAD model of the tested wind turbine was presented, with three variants subjected to simulation: a basic wind turbine without the element that modifies the airflow distribution, a turbine with a plano-convex bowl, and a turbine with a centrally convex bowl, with the hyperbolic disappearance of convexity as the radius of the rotor increases. The momentary value of wind speed, recorded at measuring points located in the plane of wind turbine blades, demonstrated an increase when compared to the base model by 35% for the wind turbine with the plano-convex bowl, for the wind speed of 5 m/s, and 31.3% and 49% for the higher approaching wind speed, for the plano-convex bowl and centrally convex bowl, respectively. The centrally convex bowl seems to be more appropriate for higher approaching wind speeds. An increase in wind turbine efficiency, described by the power coefficient, for solutions with aerodynamic bowls was observed.

scholarly journals Experimental investigations of winglet effects on blade geometry of small horizontal axis wind turbine rotors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
◽  
S. Prakash ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Blade Geometry

In this research work, the investigation and optimization of small horizontal axis wind turbine blade at low wind speed is pursued. The experimental blades were developed using the 3D printing additive manufacturing technique. The airfoils E210, NACA2412, S1223, SG6043, E216, NACA4415, SD7080, SD7033, S1210 and MAF were tested at the wind speed of 2-6 m/s. The airfoils and optimum blade geometry were investigated with the aid of the Xfoil software at Reynolds number of 100,000. The initial investigation range included tip speed ratios from 3 to 10, solidity from 0.0431 – 0.1181 and angle of attacks from 2o to 20o. Later on these parameters were varied in MATLAB and Xfoil software for optimization and investigation of the power coefficient, lift coefficient, drag coefficient and lift to drag ratio. The cut-in wind speed of the rotors was 2 and 2.5 m/s with the winglet-equipped blades and without winglets. It was found that the E210, SG6043, E216 NACA4415 and MAF airfoil displayed better performance than the NACA 2412, S1223, SD7080, S1210 & SD7003 for the geometry optimized for the operating conditions and manufacturing method described.

scholarly journals Airfoil optimization for small horizontal axis wind turbine

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 505-510
Author(s):  
Cristhian Leonardo Pabón Rojas ◽  
◽  
Carlos Andrés Trujillo Suarez ◽  
Juan Carlos Serrano Rico ◽  
Elkin Gregorio Flórez Serrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Pitch Angle ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Middle Zone ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Airfoil Optimization ◽  
Low Wind Speed ◽  
Gradient Based ◽  
Blade Element

In order to take advantage of the low wind speed found in the Colombian territory, a gradient-based optimization process (GBA) of 2 airfoils is carried out, using the Xfoil software to evaluate the interactions. The shapes chosen will be destined for the root and for the middle zone of a blade for a small horizontal axis wind turbine (sHAWT). The blade will be created from the calculation of the chord and pitch angle with the blade element momentum methodology (BEM) and the SHAWT will be tested by CFD software to check its performance. As a preliminary result, a root-bound airfoil has been obtained with a higher performance than the airfoil used as a bases.

scholarly journals PENGARUH JUMLAH BLADE DAN VARIASI PANJANG CHORD TERHADAP PERFORMANSI TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORIZONTAL (TASH)

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Kade Wiratama ◽  
Made Mara ◽  
L. Edsona Furqan Prina
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Vertical Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

The willingness of electrical energy is one energy system has a very important role in the economic development of a country's survival. As one energy source (wind) can be converted into electrical energy with the use of a horizontal axis wind turbine. Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) that we know are two wind turbines in general, ie the horizontal axis wind turbine and vertical axis wind turbine is one type of renewable energy use wind as an energy generator. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the number of blade and the radius chord of rotation (n), Torque (T), Turbine Power (P), Power Coefficient (CP) and Tip Speed Ratio (λ) generated by the horizontal axis wind turbine with form linear taper. The results show that by at the maximum radius of the chord R3 the number blade 4 is at rotation = 302.700 rpm, Pturbine = 7.765 watt, Torque = 0.245 Nm, λ = 3.168 and Cp = 0.403 or 40.3%.

Modeling and Performance Analysis of a Small Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osarobo Ighodaro ◽  
David Akhihiero
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Power Coefficient ◽  
Computational Technique ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
Improved Design

Abstract Wind energy is increasingly becoming a major discussion amongst renewable energy sources due to its sustainability, reduced impact on the environment, and being significantly cheaper than conventional fossil fuels. Researchers have been particularly concerned with studying improved design and optimization using computational technique and experimentation. This research aims at designing blades for a small horizontal axis wind turbine for low Reynolds number using blade element momentum theory and using computational fluid dynamics (cfd) and experiment to analyze its performance. Two airfoils (SG6050 and SG6043) were selected for different regions of the blade span. Four turbulent models were used in predicting its performance. The performance was analyzed for wind speeds between 2 m/s and 7 m/s. Studies showed that the blade is capable of generating power up to 241 W with a power coefficient of 34.3% at a speed of 6 m/s. The computed power coefficient is in good agreement with experimental results of 33.7%.

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