Reduction of Ship Waiting Time at Port Container Terminal Through Enhancement of the Tug/Pilot Machine Operation

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shahpanah ◽  
A. Hashemi ◽  
G. Nouredin ◽  
S. M. Zahraee ◽  
S. A. Helmi
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Processing Time ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Transition Points

Port container terminal is one of the important transition points in the shipping industry. Competitiveness is an important factor for port container terminal with the increase in the number of port terminals globally. Vessel processing time port terminals is one of the important factors that influence the port terminal attractiveness. In addition, most port terminals tried to reduce ship waiting time with enhancement of their facilities. This paper focused on the ship waiting time at the berthing area of port container terminal, and tried to solve the queuing problem at ship tugging operation in order to reduce the average waiting time. The data was collected from a major port container terminal in Malaysia as a case study. The port terminal is modeled with Arena 13.5 simulation software and model validation was done based on real data which was taken from the case study. Different scenarios were then tested on the tugging operation at the port simulation model. The results show that after the implementation of these scenarios, the average ship waiting time at the berthing area decreased dramatically from 180 hours to 140 hours for each ship.

scholarly journals Dynamic Simulation of Petrochemical Wastewater Treatment Using Wastewater Plant Simulation Software

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
Idzham Fauzi Mohd Ariff ◽  
Mardhiyah Bakir
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Dynamic Simulation Model ◽  
Plant Monitoring ◽  
Plant Simulation

A dynamic simulation model was developed, calibrated and validated for a petrochemical plant in Terengganu, Malaysia. Calibration and validation of the model was conducted based on plant monitoring data spanning 3 years resulting in a model accuracy (RMSD) for effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and total suspended solids (TSS) of ±11.7 mg/L, ±0.52 mg/L and ± 3.27 mg/L respectively. The simulation model has since been used for troubleshooting during plant upsets, planning of plant turnarounds and developing upgrade options. A case study is presented where the simulation model was used to assist in troubleshooting and rectification of a plant upset where ingress of a surfactant compound resulted in high effluent TSS and COD. The model was successfully used in the incident troubleshooting activities and provided critical insights that assisted the plant operators to quickly respond and bring back the system to normal, stable condition.

Optimization Waiting Time at Berthing Area of Port Container Terminal with Hybrid Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN)

2014 ◽  
Vol 902 ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Shahpanah ◽  
S. Poursafary ◽  
S. Shariatmadari ◽  
A. Gholamkhasi ◽  
S.M. Zahraee
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Artificial Neural Network ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann

A queuing network model related to arrival, departure and berthing process of ships at port container terminal is presented in this paper. The important datas collected from PTP port container terminal located at Malaysia. Based on the case study the model was built with using Arena 13.5 simulation software. Especially this study proposes a hybrid approach consisting of Genetic algorithm (GA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to find the the optimum number of equipments at berthing area of port container terminal. The input data that used in ANN obtained from Arena results. The main goal of this study is reduced waiting time of each ship at port container terminal, and Based on the result the optimum waiting time 50 will be achieved.

scholarly journals A Computerized Constructionist Approach To Simulation And Modeling Pedagogy

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. S. Khoo
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Simulation And Modeling ◽  
Case Study Approach ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Constructionist Approach ◽  
Traditional Class

A major limitation in traditional class lectures on simulation and modeling, that uses assignments, handouts, transparencies, and textbooks, is that students often are unable to appreciate the "experience" of simulating a real problem. This limitation can be overcome by using an active real case study approach to allow students to simulate a real-time queuing problem through interactive visual simulation software (EXTEND). Actual raw data had been collected prior to the case assignment and students are taught to develop the simulation model, based on the actual raw data. The intent is that by "doing" or "constructing" the simulation model from actual data, the students will understand better and remember.

Improvement in Queuing Network Model to Reduce Waiting Time at Berthing Area of Port Container Terminal via Discrete Event Simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 621 ◽  
pp. 253-258
Author(s):  
A. Shahpanah ◽  
S. Shariatmadari ◽  
Ali Chegeni ◽  
A. Gholamkhasi ◽  
M. Shahpanah
Keyword(s):  
Discrete Event Simulation ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Discrete Event ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Queuing Network ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Event Simulation ◽  
Queuing Problems

Queuing problems present a gap in the availability of knowledge at port container terminals. This study is focused on various types of services for port container terminal queuing system. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a methodology to decrease waiting time without any reduction in productivity. A new approach for servicing at the queue is proposed, and with this idea waiting time will be reduced without any change in productivity or additional cost. To execute this approach in a port container terminal, berthing areas of the port are simulated with ARENA 13.5, and this new approach is implemented in the model. The result of this change are compared with results of a port container terminal as case study. With implementing this method the waiting time is reduced dramatically and productivity increased slowly.

A simulation model for managing customer waiting time in restaurants: scenarios and beyond

2020 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 2881-2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Tasar ◽  
Keti Ventura ◽  
Ural Gokay Cicekli
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Daily Average ◽  
Capacity Decisions ◽  
Time Standards ◽  
Number Of Customers ◽  
Positive Effect

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of capacity decisions regarding the number of servers/chefs and tables on identifying a change in the number of wait-related anxious customers, customer losses and customers served to meet the waiting time standards of an actual upscale restaurant.Design/methodology/approachThe authors applied a simulation model to present the consequences of restaurant capacity decisions based on waiting time standards. Arena Simulation Software, licensed by Rockwell Automation, was used for modeling and identifying distributions of the data set provided by the restaurant. An experiment was designed for an upscale restaurant with existing five servers/chefs and 50 tables by changing these resources to measure the changes in customers' wait-related anxiety and other service performance indicators.FindingsThe results showed that an additional server/chef on weekends decreases the daily average number of anxious customers by nearly 33% and increases the daily average number of customers served by nearly 3% and has a little positive effect of decreasing customer losses. Table insertion for high- and low-requested seating areas had an only positive effect on decreasing customer losses.Originality/valueIn this study, the service capacity is dependent on waiting time, and it is addressed to study the relationship with customers' wait-related anxiety, which is a subjective metric. This study developed a point of view for identifying anxious customers whose waiting times are much longer than their cooking and delivery duration expectations regarding their meal preferences in the cooking stage and waiting experiences in the service entry.

scholarly journals Optimization of Packaging Line Performance: A Case Study of AB Breweries in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Chinedu James Ujam ◽  
Harold Chukwuemeka Godwin
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
Production System ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Machine Breakdown ◽  
Fishbone Diagram ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents an approach for improving productivity in breweries. A case study of AB brewery was adopted. Traditionally, packaging line improve  performance and productivity based on extrapolation of past experience, but in recent times, the traditional method could not meet up with high increase in demand of products, hence the need to adopt a new approach of using information technology and software to analyze problems and improving performance. Eleven weeks of the following data were collected and calculated; production outputs and running time; OPI and Target; and Packaging line downtimes. Downtimes were grouped into machine breakdown, planned downtime, and external downtimes and analyzed with histogram to know the impact of each group to the overall downtimes. To apply fishbone diagram, it was further grouped into Material, Method, Man and Machine after which a Pareto graph was plotted to understand the area of focus in tackling production system problems. Tecnomatrix plant simulation software was adopted to develop a simulation model that mimic the real system which further found hidden problems existing within the production system. Design of experiment was carried out to select the best alternatives from the results generated, and finally excel spreadsheet interface was developed for better analysis and performance tracking of optimized system. Result of data analysis indicated that machine breakdown and external downtimes were the major problems affecting performance, while simulation model revealed that unregulated system and un-optimized regulated lines recorded high machine breakdown and speed losses which affected the production performance output respectively. Design of experiment found the best speed combination of sensors to optimize two labellers.

Transshipment Modeling and Simulation of Container Port Terminals

2013 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 786-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eugen Roşca ◽  
Şerban Raicu ◽  
Mircea Augustin Roşca ◽  
Ştefan Burciu
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Container Terminals ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Future Events ◽  
Maritime Container Terminal ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Different Characteristics

The growth of containerization and transporting goods in containers has generated capacity and equipment allocation problems in maritime ports. Container terminals represent complex systems with dynamic interactions between the various handling, transportation and storage units, and uncertainties about future events. Maritime container terminal operates at full capacity if the arrival of vessels to berth is uniform according to its capacity and equipment operating at constant parameters. Since there are random factors both on the arrival of ships and on the operation of equipments, the paper analyzes the influence of these factors on the terminal capacity. Therefore, we proposed a generic simulation model structure for the comparative assessment of the measures of performance of maritime terminal in ideal conditions (without perturbations in the terminal operation) and in different statistical assumptions of vessels inflows to berth and number of containers to unload per vessel. Based on event driven and virtual reality technology, the handling technology simulation model is developed using ARENA simulation software. The model is set-up by combining three basic functions: transport, transfer, and stacking. The transport activity is assumed by the flows of the container vessels and trucks. Different characteristics of the arrival flows are assumed (intervals between transport units, number of containers to unload). Quay cranes provide the container transfer. The stacking areas consist in one capacity area on the quay for the quick transfer on trucks. The simulation results lead to the conclusion that it can be achieved berth high occupancy and minimization of vessels waiting time at the port if the vessels inflows follow a distribution with small variance around the ideal value.

Operational impact estimation of container inspections at Dalian Port: the application of simulation

SIMULATION ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenyuan Wang ◽  
Yong Zhou ◽  
Xiangqun Song ◽  
Guolei Tang ◽  
Zexing Fang
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Container Terminal ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Planning Problem ◽  
Shipping Industry ◽  
Investment Planning ◽  
Dalian Port ◽  
Operational Impact

For the security of ports and the container shipping industry, a key problem for a container terminal is the planning and design of the inspection area. The main goal of this paper is to address an inspection investment planning problem for the international container terminal at Dalian Port using the simulation method. Considering various types of container ships and flexible container truck scheduling and routing, we propose a framework combining an Arena-based simulation model with a developed optimization procedure. Two components of this integrated framework realize information communication via the interface of Visual Basic for Applications. Under the potential inspection protocol, simulation experiments are designed and carried out for investigating the operational impact of container inspections for different allocations of inspection resources at the terminal, including the turnaround time of external trucks, the number of trucks waiting in the inspection area, etc. This paper includes the description of the conceptual framework, the detailed simulation model, the experimental design, and the simulation results.

scholarly journals Some Issues in the Testing of Computer Simulation Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
David Murray-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Model Validation ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Model Testing ◽  
Model Verification ◽  
Verification And Validation ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Model Quality ◽  
Face Validation

The testing of simulation models has much in common with testing processes in other types of application involving software development. However, there are also important differences associated with the fact that simulation model testing involves two distinct aspects, which are known as verification and validation. Model validation is concerned with investigation of modelling errors and model limitations while verification involves checking that the simulation program is an accurate representation of the mathematical and logical structure of the underlying model. Success in model validation depends upon the availability of detailed information about all aspects of the system being modelled. It also may depend on the availability of high quality data from the system which can be used to compare its behaviour with that of the corresponding simulation model. Transparency, high standards of documentation and good management of simulation models and data sets are basic requirements in simulation model testing. Unlike most other areas of software testing, model validation often has subjective elements, with potentially important contributions from face- validation procedures in which experts give a subjective assessment of the fidelity of the model. Verification and validation processes are not simply applied once but must be used repeatedly throughout the model development process, with regressive testing principles being applied. Decisions about when a model is acceptable for the intended application inevitably involve some form of risk assessment. A case study concerned with the development and application of a simulation model of a hydro-turbine and electrical generator system is used to illustrate some of the issues arising in a typical control engineering application. Results from the case study suggest that it is important to bring together objective aspects of simulation model testing and the more subjective face- validation aspects in a coherent fashion. Suggestions are also made about the need for changes in approach in the teaching of simulation techniques to engineering students to give more emphasis to issues of model quality, testing and validation.

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