Selective Extraction of Palladium from Simulated Liquid Waste Solution by Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process using D2EHPA as a Mobile Carrier

Liquid semiconductor waste has become a serious problem to the environment due to the toxicity of heavy metals in the wastewater. However the monetary value of precious metals such as gold, silver and palladium has become a great concern nowadays. Therefore this study is investigating the recovery of palladium by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier. The important parameters affecting the extraction of palladium such as concentrations of carrier and stripping agents, extraction time and treat ratio were investigate. This experiment was conducted using a mixer-settler in a batch system. The results showed that more than 90% of palladium was extracted using 0.05M D2EHPA, 0.1 M H2SO4 as a stripping agent, 5 minutes extraction time, and 1:3 treat ratio. However, the study on emulsion stability showed unstable results due to the leakage and swelling occurrence during the extraction process. As a conclusion, the research shows that ELM has the potential to extract palladium from simulated waste solution using D2EHPA as a mobile carrier.

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Emulsion Liquid Membrane Extraction of Silver from Photographic Waste using Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide (TMTDS) as a Mobile Carrier

Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology ◽

10.11113/amst.v3i1.35 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Norasikin Othman ◽

Chan Kit Hie ◽

Chiong Tung ◽

Hanapi Mat ◽

Masahiro Goto

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Precious Metals ◽

Membrane Extraction ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Tetramethylthiuram Disulfide ◽

Mobile Carrier ◽

Liquid Membrane Extraction

The recovery of precious metals such as silver from photographic wastes is required in order to save raw materials and to protect the environment from dispersed compound, especially heavy metals. For that matter, several technologies have been used such as precipitation, electrolytic, and ion exchange processes which offer some advantages as well as drawbacks over others. Recently, emulsion liquid membrane extraction has been recognized to be a potential process for industrial wastes treatment and recovery of heavy metals. This process has the ability to selectively separate and rapidly concentrate metals through its very thin layer liquid membrane which has a large interfacial area. An attempt was made to recover silver from liquid photographic wastes using tetramethylthiuram disulfide as a mobile carrier. The important variables affecting the emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process including residence time, surfactant concentration, carrier concentration, level of agitation and phase ratio between emulsion and feed phase were investigated. The results showed that tetramethylthiuram disulfide is selective towards silver (>80%) compared to other metals in the photographic waste. The highest silver extraction is obtained using 0.05 M tetramethylthiuram disulfide, 3% (w/v) Span 80, 300 rpm stirring speed, 1.0 M thiourea in 0.1 M HCl stripping agent, 1:3 of treat ratio, and toluene as the diluent.

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Extraction of Rhodamine 6G Dye from Liquid Waste Solution: Study on Emulsion Liquid Membrane Stability Performance and Recovery

Separation Science and Technology ◽

10.1080/01496395.2012.731123 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 48 (8) ◽

pp. 1177-1183 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Norasikin Othman ◽

Ooi Zing Yi ◽

Siti Nazrah Zailani ◽

Erni Zuliana Zulkifli ◽

Shanti Subramaniam

Keyword(s):

Liquid Membrane ◽

Rhodamine 6G ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Membrane Stability ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Waste Solution ◽

Stability Performance ◽

Solution Study ◽

Rhodamine 6G Dye

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Tantalum and Niobium Selective Extraction by Alkyl-Acetophenone

Metals ◽

10.3390/met8090654 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 654 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Moussa Toure ◽

Guilhem Arrachart ◽

Jean Duhamet ◽

Stephane Pellet-Rostaing

Keyword(s):

Extraction Efficiency ◽

Methyl Isobutyl Ketone ◽

Selective Extraction ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Liquid Extraction ◽

Methyl Isobutyl ◽

Isobutyl Ketone ◽

Waste Solution ◽

Liquid Liquid Extraction ◽

D Values

A study has been carried out on Ta and Nb recovery by a liquid-liquid extraction process using 4-methylacetophenone (4-MAcPh) as the organic phase. The 4-MAcPh was compared to methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) with respect to extraction efficiencies (D values) at different concentrations of H2SO4 in the aqueous phase. The results showed a similar extraction of Nb for both solvents. However, for Ta, extraction efficiency is increased by a factor of 1.3 for 4-MAcPh. In addition, the MIBK solubilized completely after 6 mol∙L−1 of H2SO4 against only a loss of 0.14–4% for 4-MAcPh between 6 and 9 mol∙L−1 of H2SO4. The potential of 4-MAcPh has also been studied to selectively recover Ta from a model capacitor waste solution. The results showed a selectivity for Ta in the presence of impurities such as Ag, Fe, Ni and Mn. The 4-MAcPh also presents the advantage of having physicochemical properties adapted to its use in liquid-liquid extraction technologies such as mixer-settlers.

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Liquid Membrane Formulation for Removal of Kraft Lignin from Simulated Liquid Waste Solution

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v9n1.80 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Norasikin Othman ◽

Ooi Zing Yi ◽

Norlisa Harruddin

Keyword(s):

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

Liquid Membrane ◽

Liquid Waste ◽

Kraft Lignin ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Aliquat 336 ◽

Waste Solution ◽

Lignin Removal ◽

Aqueous Waste ◽

Brownish Black

Extraction of lignin from pulping wastewater as an external biofuel and in specialty chemicals will additionally benefit the chemical and automobile industries. Though lignin is nontoxic, it imparts brownish black colouration to the water bodies can cause environmental problems. Emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technology is proposed to extract and recover the kraft lignin (KL) compound from the aqueous waste solution. This study investigated on development of a liquid membrane formulation for lignin removal from aqueous waste solution. Several parameters such as types and concentration of carrier, types of diluents and types of stripping agentswere studied. The results showed that the most favorable liquid membrane formulation is using Aliquat 336 as extractant, kerosene as diluents and sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) as stripping agent which is almost 93% of lignin was extracted.

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Emulsion Liquid Membrane Extraction of Turquoise Blue Reactive Dye–Study on Membrane Breakage and Swelling

Journal of Applied Membrane Science & Technology ◽

10.11113/amst.v11i1.78 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

N. Othman ◽

S. N. Zailani ◽

N. Mili

Keyword(s):

Liquid Membrane ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Reactive Dye ◽

Point Of View ◽

Membrane Extraction ◽

Hydrodynamic Condition ◽

Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽

Liquid Membrane Extraction ◽

Span 80

Reactive dyes are the principal dyes used in batik industry in Malaysia. From the environmental point of view the dyes should be removed from wastewater because they are toxic in nature. Therefore, the removal and recovery of dyes from batik industry wastewater is absolute necessity in order to save raw materials and to protect environment from hazardous compounds. An experiment was carried out using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process in batch system to study the extraction behaviour of Turquoise Blue which is commonly used in batik industry. Several parameters have been studied such as carrier and surfactant/emulsifier concentrations, stripping agent and extraction time. The liquid membrane was formulated using kerosene as diluent, SPAN 80 as emulsifier and tri-dodecylamine (TDA) as a carrier. Hydrodynamic condition to generate extraction process was at 1:3 treat ratio and 250 rpm stirring speed for 10 minutes while the emulsification was done at 12000 rpm for 5 minutes using homogenizer. The result obtained shows that, more than 70% of Turquoise Blue was extracted at favourable condition of 0.07 M TDA, 7% (w/v) SPAN 80 and 0.5 M Thiourea in 1 M NaOH.

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