EMG RECORDING OF WRIST GESTURES UNDER NON-IDEAL ELECTRODE PLACEMENT FOR MACHINE CONTROL IN A MANUFACTURING ENVIRONMENT

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinvi Fu ◽  
A. Y. Bani Hashim ◽  
Z. Jamaludin ◽  
I. S. Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrode Placement ◽  
User Group ◽  
Manufacturing Environment ◽  
Input System ◽  
Machine Operators ◽  
Emg Patterns ◽  
Machine Control ◽  
Anatomy Knowledge ◽  
Cost Components

The use of electromyography (EMG) for machine control in a manufacturing environment is challenging due to the inherent electrical noise, and also because machine operators lack anatomy knowledge of muscle location for electrode placement. In this research, an electrode placement scheme is proposed for this user group. An EMG preamp was constructed to observe EMG patterns in lower forearm when electrodes placed by untrained operators are in less optimal locations. Crosstalk was found to be a major issue when electrodes are placed in imperfect locations. The EMG preamplifier was deliberately constructed with low cost components to simulate the increased floor noise due to electrical interferences f however from the results, the resulting SNR is acceptable. This study shows that in designing a practical EMG input system, electrode placement is a bigger factor compared to electrical interference.

scholarly journals Semi-Active Magnetic Levitation System for Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5330
Author(s):  
Gisela Pujol-Vázquez ◽  
Alessandro N. Vargas ◽  
Saleh Mobayen ◽  
Leonardo Acho
Keyword(s):  
Pid Control ◽  
Magnetic Levitation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Control Scheme ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Levitation System ◽  
Magnetic Levitation System ◽  
And Control ◽  
Active Control Strategy ◽  
Cost Components

This paper describes how to construct a low-cost magnetic levitation system (MagLev). The MagLev has been intensively used in engineering education, allowing instructors and students to learn through hands-on experiences of essential concepts, such as electronics, electromagnetism, and control systems. Built from scratch, the MagLev depends only on simple, low-cost components readily available on the market. In addition to showing how to construct the MagLev, this paper presents a semi-active control strategy that seems novel when applied to the MagLev. Experiments performed in the laboratory provide comparisons of the proposed control scheme with the classical PID control. The corresponding real-time experiments illustrate both the effectiveness of the approach and the potential of the MagLev for education.

Plug and play building monitoring The potential of low cost components

2014 ◽  
pp. 623-627
Author(s):  
Reinhard Zach ◽  
Alexander Paul ◽  
Robert Zach ◽  
Ardeshir Mahdavi
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Plug And Play ◽  
Building Monitoring ◽  
Cost Components

Complex optical elements for scanning helium microscopy through 3D printing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Bergin ◽  
Thomas Myles ◽  
Aleksandar Radić ◽  
Christopher Hatchwell ◽  
Sam Lambrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Multiple Scattering ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Optical Element ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Background Signal ◽  
Optical Elements ◽  
Cost Components

Abstract Developing the next generation of scanning helium microscopes requires the fabrication of optical elements with complex internal geometries. We show that resin stereolithography (SLA) 3D printing produces low-cost components with the requisite convoluted structures whilst achieving the required vacuum properties, even without in situ baking. As a case study, a redesigned pinhole plate optical element of an existing scanning helium microscope was fabricated using SLA 3D printing. In comparison to the original machined component, the new optical element minimised the key sources of background signal, in particular multiple scattering and the secondary effusive beam.

scholarly journals Series Resistance Analysis of Passivated Emitter Rear Contact Cells Patterned Using Inkjet Printing

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha A. T. Lenio ◽  
James Howard ◽  
Doris (Pei Hsuan) Lu ◽  
Fabian Jentschke ◽  
Yael Augarten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Inkjet Printing ◽  
Series Resistance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nickel Plating ◽  
Manufacturing Environment ◽  
Resistance Analysis ◽  
Metal Plating ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
High Series

For higher-efficiency solar cell structures, such as the Passivated Emitter Rear Contact (PERC) cells, to be fabricated in a manufacturing environment, potentially low-cost techniques such as inkjet printing and metal plating are desirable. A common problem that is experienced when fabricating PERC cells is low fill factors due to high series resistance. This paper identifies and attempts to quantify sources of series resistance in inkjet-patterned PERC cells that employ electroless or light-induced nickel-plating techniques followed by copper light-induced plating. Photoluminescence imaging is used to determine locations of series resistance losses in these inkjet-patterned and plated PERC cells.

High maneuverability projectile flight using low cost components

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Fresconi ◽  
Ilmars Celmins ◽  
Sidra Silton ◽  
Mark Costello
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Components

scholarly journals Printed multifunctional flexible device with an integrated motion sensor for health care monitoring

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. e1601473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Yamamoto ◽  
Shingo Harada ◽  
Daisuke Yamamoto ◽  
Wataru Honda ◽  
Takayuki Arie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Reusable Component ◽  
Prediction And Prevention ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
Device Component ◽  
Health Care Monitoring ◽  
Cost Components

Real-time health care monitoring may enable prediction and prevention of disease or improve treatment by diagnosing illnesses in the early stages. Wearable, comfortable, sensing devices are required to allow continuous monitoring of a person’s health; other important considerations for this technology are device flexibility, low-cost components and processing, and multifunctionality. To address these criteria, we present a flexible, multifunctional printed health care sensor equipped with a three-axis acceleration sensor to monitor physical movement and motion. Because the device is designed to be attached directly onto the skin, it has a modular design with two detachable components: One device component is nondisposable, whereas the other one is disposable and designed to be worn in contact with the skin. The design of this disposable sensing sheet takes into account hygiene concerns and low-cost materials and fabrication methods as well as features integrated, printed sensors to monitor for temperature, acceleration, electrocardiograms, and a kirigami structure, which allows for stretching on skin. The reusable component of the device contains more expensive device components, features an ultraviolet light sensor that is controlled by carbon nanotube thin-film transistors, and has a mechanically flexible and stable liquid metal contact for connection to the disposable sensing sheet. After characterizing the electrical properties of the transistors and flexible sensors, we demonstrate a proof-of-concept device that is capable of health care monitoring combined with detection of physical activity, showing that this device provides an excellent platform for the development of commercially viable, wearable health care monitors.

THE STORY OF PINO

2004 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 449-463
Author(s):  
HIROAKI KITANO ◽  
FUMINORI YAMASAKI ◽  
TATSUYA MATSUI ◽  
KEN ENDO ◽  
YUKIKO MATSUOKA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Humanoid Robot ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Computing Methods ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Cost Components

PINO is a small-sized, low-cost humanoid robot developed for research. The salient feature of PINO is the use of low-cost components, extensive esthetic design, the disclosure of technical information under GNU General Public Licensing, the use of evolutionarly computing methods to generate stable walking patterns, and numerious commerical developments. In fact, PINO is the first biped humanoid robot that was sold as a commercial product. Currently, PINO-II is on the market with various improved aspects of PINO. This article describe ideas behind PINO, and how it was developed and transferred into the industrial sector.

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