scholarly journals Inheritance of resistance to Plum pox virus in the progeny of the apricot cv. ‘Harlayne’

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 243-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Pilařová ◽  
Boris Krška
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Ppv Resistance ◽  
Dominant Genes ◽  
Sharka Disease ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Natural resistance toPlum pox virus(PPV), the agent of sharka disease, is one of the most important traits of interest to stone fruit breeders, although few sources of resistance have been identified. One of the few apricot cultivars which does show resistance, ‘Harlayne’, was chosen for a study of the genetics of PPV resistance. It was crossed with three different cultivars, two susceptible (‘Vestar’ and ‘Strepet’) and one immune (‘Orangered’). Four different lines (since there was one reciprocal combination) were established and the F1 crosses were subsequently inoculated with the PPV-M and PPV-D strains by grafting infected buds. A woody indicatorPrunus persica‘GF 305’ was then also top-grafted onto the plants of three of these F1 populations. The observations of leaf symptoms and accompanying ELISA tests were performed over three, or in one case five, growing seasons and then hybrids were classified accordingly, as either resistant or susceptible. The resistant : susceptible ratios were calculated and compared with expected theoretical ratios using the χ2-test. The ratios of resistant to susceptible plants in the progeny derived from the four apricot crosses are compatible with the hypothesis of three dominant genes being responsible for PPV resistance, with ‘Harlayne’ being heterozygous for all three genes. However, the possibility that resistance is controlled by just two dominant genes can not be ruled out just yet.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Analysis of Induced Plum Pox Virus Resistance in Peach (Prunus Persica) by Almond (P. Dulcis) Grafting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Rubio ◽  
Pedro Martínez-García ◽  
Nikbakht-Dehkordi Azam ◽  
Angela Prudencio ◽  
Eva Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Transcription Initiation Factor ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Related Proteins

Abstract No natural sources of resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV, sharka disease) have been identified in peach. However, previous studies have demonstrated that grafting ‘Garrigues’ almond onto ‘GF305’ peach seedlings heavily infected with PPV can progressively reduce disease symptoms and virus accumulation. Furthermore, grafting ‘Garrigues’ onto ‘GF305’ has completely prevented virus infection. This study aims to analyse the rewiring of gene expression associated with this resistance to PPV transmitted by grafting through phloem using RNA-Seq and RTqPCR analysis. A total of 18 candidate genes were differentially expressed after grafting ‘Garrigues’ almond onto healthy ‘GF305’ peach. Among the up-regulated genes, a HEN1 homolog stands out, which, together with the differential expression of RDR- and DCL2-homologs in some of the conditions assayed, suggests that the RNA silencing machinery is activated by PPV infection and can contribute to the resistance induced by ‘Garrigues’ almond. Glucan endo -1,3-Beta D-Glucosidase could be also relevant for the ‘Garrigues’-induced response, since its expression is much higher in ‘Garrigues’ than in ‘GF305’. We also discuss the potential relevance of the following in PPV infection and ‘Garrigues’-induced resistance: several pathogenesis-related proteins, No apical meristem proteins, the transcription initiation factor TFIIB, the Speckle-type POZ protein and a number of proteins involved in phytohormone signalling.

Inheritance of resistance in grain sorghum to Chilo partellus (Swinhoe)

1995 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
W. G. Wenzel ◽  
J. Van Den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Chilo Partellus ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Resistant Parent ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae ◽  
Antibiosis Resistance ◽  
Dominant Genes

AbstractThe inheritance of resistance in grain sorghum to the spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was studied in F3 plants derived from crosses between nine locally adapted inbred lines and two sources of resistance. Antibiosis resistance was measured as the relative growth rate of larvae in the whorls of 6-week-old plants. Most F3 plants were either as resistant as, or more resistant than, the resistant parent. This indicated dominance of resistance over susceptibility and the occurrence of transgressive segregation. The segregation pattern in the F3 generation suggested the presence of at least four dominant genes. Two families homozygous for these genes were identified.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Analysis of Induced Plum pox virus (Sharka) Resistance in Peach (Prunus persica) by Almond (P. dulcis) Grafting

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3585
Author(s):  
Manuel Rubio ◽  
Pedro J. Martínez-García ◽  
Azam Nikbakht-Dehkordi ◽  
Ángela S. Prudencio ◽  
Eva M. Gómez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Initiation Factor ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Sharka Resistance

No natural sources of resistance to Plum pox virus (PPV, sharka disease) have been identified in peach. However, previous studies have demonstrated that grafting a “Garrigues” almond scion onto “GF305” peach rootstock seedlings heavily infected with PPV can progressively reduce disease symptoms and virus accumulation. Furthermore, grafting a “Garrigues” scion onto the “GF305” rootstock has been shown to completely prevent virus infection. This study aims to analyse the rewiring of gene expression associated with this resistance to PPV transmitted by grafting through the phloem using RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. A total of 18 candidate genes were differentially expressed after grafting “Garrigues” almond onto healthy “GF305” peach. Among the up-regulated genes, a HEN1 homolog stands out, which, together with the differential expression of RDR- and DCL2-homologs, suggests that the RNA silencing machinery is activated by PPV infection and can contribute to the resistance induced by “Garrigues” almond. Glucan endo-1,3-beta D-glucosidase could be also relevant for the “Garrigues”-induced response, since its expression is much higher in “Garrigues” than in “GF305”. We also discuss the potential relevance of the following in PPV infection and “Garrigues”-induced resistance: several pathogenesis-related proteins; no apical meristem proteins; the transcription initiation factor, TFIIB; the speckle-type POZ protein; in addition to a number of proteins involved in phytohormone signalling.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance to Crown Rot Caused by Phytophthora capsici in Cucurbita

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Les D. Padley ◽  
Eileen A. Kabelka ◽  
Pamela D. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Capsici ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
The United States ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Winter Squash ◽  
Dominant Genes

The various disease syndromes caused by Phytopthora capsici Leonian can be devastating to squash (Cucurbita spp.) production areas of the United States. In some growing seasons, yield loss has been reported up to 100%. A recently developed University of Florida Cucurbita breeding line, #394-1-27-12, resistant to the crown rot syndrome of P. capsici, was used to determine the inheritance of resistance to this disease. Data from F1, F2, and backcross progeny from crosses of a P. capsici-susceptible butternut-type winter squash (C. moschata) with #394-1-27-12 indicated that resistance is conferred by three dominant genes. The introgression of P. capsici crown rot resistance from #394-1-27-12 into morphologically diverse domesticates within Cucurbita will aid in the management of this economically important pathogen.

scholarly journals Oligogenic Inheritance of Resistance to Plum Pox Virus in Apricots

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 167-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Salava ◽  
J. Polák ◽  
B. Krška
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Oligogenic Inheritance ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Dominant Genes

In order to determine the inheritance of resistance to PPV in apricot three crosses between resistant and susceptible cultivars and selections were performed. The B<sub>1</sub> seedlings were inoculated with the PPV-M strain by an infected bud. PPV infection was evaluated over 5 consecutive growth periods through visual symptoms, ELISA and in some cases reverse transcriptase PCR assays. Chi-square analysis of each B<sub>1</sub> progeny was performed to determine if the segregation ratio differed from the expected ratio. PPV resistance segregated in three apricot B<sub>1</sub>progenies in a 1:7 (resistant:susceptible) ratio, indicating that resistance was controlled by three independent dominant complementary genes. All three dominant genes are needed for the resistance to be expressed, and the lack of any one of the dominant alleles will result in susceptibility. This knowledge will help us in effective planning of apricot breeding programs with this subjective.

scholarly journals Identification of interspecific peach and Prunus sp. hybrids resistant to Plum pox virus infection

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Polák ◽  
I. Oukropec
Keyword(s):  
Virus Infection ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Peach Cultivar

Interspecific hybrids of Prunus persica, Barier, Fire, Cadaman, GF-677, and Prunus sp. hybrids and selections, MRS, NBS 540-73, and Pumiselect were evaluated for resistance to Plum pox virus. Hybrids were grafted onto trees of a peach cultivar artificially infected with PPV and evaluated for six years for resistance to the virus. The relative concentration of PPV protein was determined by semiquantitative ELISA in June every year. The presence of PPV in peach hybrids was confirmed by IC-RT-PCR in 2007&ndash;2008. The presence and intensity of PPV symptoms were evaluated monthly from May to September. The hybrid GF-677 (P. amygdalus &times; P. persica) was confirmed as highly resistant to PPV. Hybrids Cadaman (P. davidiana &times; P. persica) and Fire (P. amygdalus &times; P. persica) were characterized as resistant to PPV. Hybrids GF-677, Cadaman and Fire were selected as candidate sources of resistance to be crossed with peach cultivars susceptible to PPV.

Identification of Plum pox virus causing sharka disease on peach (Prunus persica L.) in Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Loera-Muro ◽  
Rafael Gutiérrez-Campos ◽  
Mireya Delgado ◽  
Sandra Hernández-Camacho ◽  
Ramón Jaime Holguín-Peña
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Sharka Disease

scholarly journals Inheritance of Resistance in Lima Bean to Phytophthora phaseoli, the Causal Agent of Downy Mildew of Lima Bean

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 777-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Santamaria ◽  
Emmalea G. Ernest ◽  
Nancy F. Gregory ◽  
Thomas A. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resistance ◽  
Lima Bean ◽  
Phaseolus Lunatus ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Physiological Races ◽  
The Past ◽  
Commercial Cultivars ◽  
Dominant Genes ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

The oomycete Phytophthora phaseoli is one of the most threatening pathogens of lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus) in the humid Mid-Atlantic United States. In the last 60 years, P. phaseoli has evolved to overcome genetic resistance in the host and several physiological races have been identified during the last 6 decades. Six physiological races A, B, C, D, E, and F have been identified over the years. Only race F has been detected in the field over the past decade. Identifying and characterizing sources of resistance to this pathogen and determining the nature of resistance were the main objectives. Eight commercial cultivars and 35 germplasm accessions of P. lunatus were evaluated for their reaction to races E and F. Four commercial cultivars and four accessions with resistance to race E, and two cultivars and four accessions with resistance to race F were identified. None of the germplasm evaluated were resistant to both races. Five populations of F2 plants and a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population were produced and inoculated to investigate the inheritance of resistance to races E and F. Resistance to races E and F was determined to be conferred by single, independent, dominant genes.

scholarly journals First Report of Plum pox virus (Sharka Disease) in Prunus persica in the United States

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Levy ◽  
V. Damsteegt ◽  
R. Welliver
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Sandwich Elisa ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
The United States ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Peach Fruit ◽  
First Report

Plum pox (Sharka) is the most important virus disease of Prunus in Europe and the Mediterranean region and is caused by Plum pox potyvirus (PPV). In September 1999, PPV-like symptoms were observed in peach fruit culls in a packinghouse in Pennsylvania. All symptomatic fruit originated from a single block of peach (P. persica cv. Encore) in Adams County. Trees in the block exhibited ring pattern symptoms on their leaves. A potyvirus was detected in symptomatic fruit using the Poty-Group enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test from Agdia (Elkhart, IN). Reactions for symptomatic peach fruit and leaves also were positive using triple-antibody sandwich ELISA with the PPV polyclonal antibody from Bioreba (Carrboro, NC) for coating, the Poty-Group monoclonal antibody (MAb; Agdia) as the intermediate antibody, and double-antibody sandwich ELISA with PPV detection kits from Sanofi (Sanofi Diagnostics Pasteur, Marnes-La-Coquette, France) and Agdia and the REAL PPV kit (Durviz, Valencia, Spain) containing universal (5B) and strain typing (4DG5 and AL) PPV MAbs (1). PPV also was identified by immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) amplification and subsequent sequencing of the 220-bp 3′ noncoding region (2) (>99% sequence homology to PPV) and by IC-RT-PCR amplification of a 243-bp product in the coat protein (CP) gene (1). The virus was identified as PPV strain D based on serological typing with strainspecific MAbs and on PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism of the CP IC-RT-PCR product with Rsa1 and Alu1 (1). This is the first report of PPV in North America. References: (1) T. Candresse et al. Phytopathology 88:198, 1998. (2) L. Levy and A. Hadidi. EPPO Bull. 24:595, 1994.

INHERITANCE OF CROWN RUST RESISTANCE IN THREE ACCESSIONS OF AVENA STERILIS

1980 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Harder ◽  
R. I. H. McKenzie ◽  
J. W. Martens
Keyword(s):  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Single Dominant Gene ◽  
Avena Sterilis ◽  
Oat Crown Rust ◽  
Crown Rust Resistance ◽  
Resistance Spectrum ◽  
Dominant Genes

The inheritance of resistance to oat crown rust was studied in three accessions of Avena sterilis L. Accession CAV 4274 originated from Morocco, CAV 4540 from Algeria, and CAV 3695 from Tunisia. Seedling rust tests on F2 backcross families indicated the presence of two dominant genes for crown rust resistance in CAV 4274. One of these, a gene conditioning resistance to most races tested, was linked or allelic to gene Pc-38, and was designated gene Pc-62. The second gene conferred resistance only to one of the six races studied, and was not tested further. In CAV 4540, a single dominant gene, Pc-63 was possibly allelic with Pc-62 and linked or allelic to Pc-38. Genes Pc-62 and 63 are generally similar to Pc-38 in their resistance spectrum, but these three genes are differentiated by races CR 102, CR 103, and CR 107. A single dominant gene in CAV 3695 appeared to be Pc-50.

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