Rhythmic neuronal activities of the rat nucleus of the solitary tract are impaired by high‐fat diet ‐ implications for daily control of satiety

ABSTRACTTemporal partitioning of daily food intake is crucial for survival and involves the integration of internal circadian states and external influences such as the light-dark cycle and the composition of diet. These intrinsic and extrinsic factors are interdependent with misalignment of circadian rhythms promoting body weight gain, while consumption of a calorie dense diet elevates the risk of obesity and blunts circadian rhythms. Since cardiovascular disease, metabolic disorders, and cancer are comorbid with obesity, understanding the relationships between brain activity and diet is of pivotal importance. Recently, we defined for the first time the circadian properties of the dorsal vagal complex of the brainstem, a structure implicated in the control of food intake and autonomic tone, but if and how 24 h rhythms in this area are influenced by diet remains unresolved. Here we focused on a key structure of this complex, the nucleus of the solitary tract, and using a range of approaches, we interrogated how its neuronal and cellular rhythms are affected by high-fat diet. We report that short term consumption of this diet increases food intake during the day and blunts daily rhythms in gene expression and neuronal discharge in the nucleus of the solitary tract. These alterations in this structure occur without prominent body weight gain, suggesting that high-fat diet acts initially to reduce activity in the nucleus of the solitary tract, thereby disinhibiting mechanisms that suppress daytime feeding.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Arterial pressure and gene expression in the nucleus of the solitary tract in rats fed with high‐fat diet (874.4)

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.28.1_supplement.874.4 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 28 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Guilherme Speretta ◽

Mirian Bassi ◽

Prashant Ruchaya ◽

Colin Sumners ◽

José Menani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Arterial Pressure ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Solitary Tract ◽

High Fat

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Losartan Injected into the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Blunts Pressor Mechanisms Activated by High‐Fat Diet

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.984.9 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 29 (S1) ◽

Author(s):

Guilherme Speretta ◽

Mirian Bassi ◽

José Menani ◽

Eduardo Colombari ◽

Débora Colombari

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Solitary Tract ◽

High Fat

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High-fat diet induces inflammatory response within the nucleus of the solitary tract

Autonomic Neuroscience ◽

10.1016/j.autneu.2015.07.361 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 192 ◽

pp. 35

Author(s):

G.F. Speretta ◽

M.R. Melo ◽

M. Bassi ◽

J.V. Menani ◽

E. Colombari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Response ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Solitary Tract ◽

High Fat

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Abstract # P-20: 11b-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase 1 Regulation in High Fat Diet Induced Insulin Resistant Rats and Rats Treated with Sutherlandia Frutescens

Endocrine Practice ◽

10.1016/s1530-891x(20)43833-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Ngozi F. Nnolum-Orji ◽

Saartjie Roux ◽

Janine Mackenzie ◽

Disang Lekutlane

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase ◽

High Fat ◽

Insulin Resistant ◽

Sutherlandia Frutescens

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Effects of Maternal Flaxseed Supplementation on Female Offspring of Diabetic Rats in Serum Concentration of Glucose, Insulin, and Thyroid Hormones

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000259 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 89 (1-2) ◽

pp. 45-54

Author(s):

Akemi Suzuki ◽

André Manoel Correia-Santos ◽

Gabriela Câmara Vicente ◽

Luiz Guillermo Coca Velarde ◽

Gilson Teles Boaventura

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Hormones ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Female Offspring ◽

Flaxseed Oil ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

High Fat ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Flaxseed Flour ◽

Maternal Consumption

Abstract. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of maternal consumption of flaxseed flour and oil on serum concentrations of glucose, insulin, and thyroid hormones of the adult female offspring of diabetic rats. Methods: Wistar rats were induced to diabetes by a high-fat diet (60%) and streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). Rats were mated and once pregnancy was confirmed, were divided into the following groups: Control Group (CG): casein-based diet; High-fat Group (HG): high-fat diet (49%); High-fat Flaxseed Group (HFG): high-fat diet supplemented with 25% flaxseed flour; High-fat Flaxseed Oil group (HOG): high-fat diet, where soya oil was replaced with flaxseed oil. After weaning, female pups (n = 6) from each group were separated, received a commercial rat diet and were sacrificed after 180 days. Serum insulin concentrations were determined by ELISA, the levels of triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined by chemiluminescence. Results: There was a significant reduction in body weight at weaning in HG (−31%), HFG (−33%) and HOG (44%) compared to CG (p = 0.002), which became similar by the end of 180 days. Blood glucose levels were reduced in HFG (−10%, p = 0.044) when compared to CG, and there was no significant difference between groups in relation to insulin, T3, T4, and TSH after 180 days. Conclusions: Maternal severe hyperglycemia during pregnancy and lactation resulted in a microsomal offspring. Maternal consumption of flaxseed reduces blood glucose levels in adult offspring without significant effects on insulin levels and thyroid hormones.

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