Effect of Strain Nodes and Electrode Configuration on Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting From Cantilevered Beams

2009 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Erturk ◽  
P. A. Tarazaga ◽  
J. R. Farmer ◽  
D. J. Inman
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Response ◽  
Electrode Configuration ◽  
Dynamic Strain ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoceramic Layer ◽  
Cantilevered Beams ◽  
Tip Mass

For the past five years, cantilevered beams with piezoceramic layer(s) have been frequently used as piezoelectric energy harvesters for vibration-to-electric energy conversion. Typically, the energy harvester beam is located on a vibrating host structure and the dynamic strain induced in the piezoceramic layer(s) results in an alternating voltage output across the electrodes. Vibration modes of a cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester other than the fundamental mode have certain strain nodes where the dynamic strain distribution changes sign in the direction of beam length. It is theoretically explained and experimentally demonstrated in this paper that covering the strain nodes of vibration modes with continuous electrodes results in strong cancellations of the electrical outputs. A detailed dimensionless analysis is given for predicting the locations of the strain nodes of a cantilevered beam in the absence and presence of a tip mass. Since the cancellation issue is not peculiar to clamped-free boundary conditions, dimensionless data of modal strain nodes are tabulated for some other practical boundary condition pairs and these data can be useful in modal actuation problems as well. How to avoid the cancellation problem in energy harvesting by using segmented electrode pairs is described for single-mode and multimode vibrations of a cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester. An electrode configuration-based side effect of using a large tip mass on the electrical response at higher vibration modes is discussed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally.

Optimization of energy harvesting based on the uniform deformation of piezoelectric ceramic

2016 ◽  
Vol 09 (05) ◽  
pp. 1650069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoze Liu ◽  
Tongqing Yang ◽  
Fangming Shu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Piezoelectric Ceramic ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Bonding Area ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Matching Load ◽  
Tip Mass

Since the piezoelectric properties were used for energy harvesting, almost all forms of energy harvester needs to be bonded with a mass block to achieve pre-stress. In this article, disc type piezoelectric energy harvester is chosen as the research object and the relationship between mass bonding area and power output is studied. It is found that if the bonding area is changed as curved, which is usually complanate in previous studies, the deformation of the circular piezoelectric ceramic is more uniform and the power output is enhanced. In order to test the change of the deformation, we spray several homocentric annular electrodes on the surface of a piece of bare piezoelectric ceramic and the output of each electrode is tested. Through this optimization method, the power output is enhanced to more than 11[Formula: see text]mW for a matching load about 24[Formula: see text]k[Formula: see text] and a tip mass of 30[Formula: see text]g at its resonant frequency of 139[Formula: see text]Hz.

Multi-Mode Vibration Energy Harvester and Tuned Mass Damper Using Double-Beam Structure

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanlu Zhou ◽  
Gopinath Reddy Penamalli ◽  
Lei Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Tuned Mass Damper ◽  
Primary Beam ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Mass Damper ◽  
Tip Mass ◽  
Multi Mode

A novel piezoelectric energy harvester with multi-mode dynamic magnifier is proposed and investigated in this paper, which is capable of significantly increasing the bandwidth and the energy harvested from the ambient vibration. The design comprises of an multi-mode intermediate beam with a tip mass, called “dynamic magnifier”, and an “energy harvesting beam with a tip mass. The piezoelectric film is adhered to the harvesting beam to harvest the vibration energy. By properly designing the parameters, such as the length, width and thickness of the two beams and the weight of the two tip masses, we can virtually magnify the motion in all the resonance frequencies of the energy harvesting beam, in a similar way as designing a new beam-type tuned mass damper (TMD) to damp the resonance frequencies of all the modes of the primary beam. Theoretical analysis, finite element simulation, and the experiment study are carried out. The results show that voltage produced by the harvesting beam is amplified for efficient energy harvesting over a broader frequency range, while the peaks of the first three modes of the primary beam can be effectively mitigated simultaneously. The experiment demonstrates 25.5 times more energy harvesting capacity than the conventional cantilever type harvester in broadband frequency 3–300Hz, and over 1000 times more energy close to the first three resonances of harvesting beam.

A Novel Bi-Stable Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Inspired by the Venus Flytrap

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Qian ◽  
Lei Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Venus Flytrap ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Displacement Constraint ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Tip Mass

Abstract This paper studies the nonlinear dynamics and energy harvesting performance of a novel bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester inspired by the rapid shape transition of the Venus flytrap leaves. The harvester is composed of a piezoelectric MFC transducer, a tip mass, and two sub-beams. The two sub-beams are akin to the bidirectionally curved Venus flytrap leaves that could rapidly snap-through from the open state to the closed state. To realize the bistability of the Venus flytrap leaves induced by the stored potential energy, an in-plane pre-displacement constraint is applied to the free ends of the sub-beams. The pre-displacement constraint leads to bending and twisting deformations and creates the potential energy in the harvester. The bio-inspired design is introduced in detail and a prototype is fabricated to validate the conceptual design. The nonlinear dynamics of the bio-inspired bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester is investigated under base acceleration excitations. Results show that the sub-beams of the harvester experience more complicated local vibrations containing broadband high-frequency components as the snap-through motion happens. The energy harvesting performance of the harvester is evaluated at different excitation levels. The broadband energy harvesting is achieved at higher excitation levels and an average power output of 0.193 mW is attained under the excitation of 10 Hz and 4.0 g.

On Energy Transfer between Vibration Modes under Frequency-Varying Excitations for Energy Harvesting

2016 ◽  
Vol 849 ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Luiz Palacios Felix ◽  
Rafael P. Bianchin ◽  
Alan Almeida ◽  
José M. Balthazar ◽  
Rodrigo T. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Resonance Condition ◽  
Vibration Modes ◽  
Chaotic Oscillations ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Saturation Phenomenon ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Portal Frame

This paper presents an analytical and numerical analysis of vibration energy harvesting from the dynamic interaction and energy transfer between the two vibration modes of a 2-D-O-F model of a flexible portal frame. The frequencies of these modes are set in a two-to-one internal resonance condition. Excitation is provided by eccentric rotating mass-motor captured in external resonance. Next, we consider the same flexible portal frame excited from various directions with time-variable frequency. A piezoelectric device is used for energy harvesting. Depending on how the piezoelectric energy harvester is installed (or coupled) different gains are obtained. Good performance of the harvester generator is detected. We also observed periodic, quasi-periodic or chaotic oscillations, depending on the saturation phenomenon.

Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Array With Magnetic Tip Mass

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Guo ◽  
X. F. Zhang ◽  
H. Y. Li ◽  
H. Li
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Phase Difference ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Cantilever Beams ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Present Design ◽  
Excitation Frequencies ◽  
Tip Mass

Energy harvesting using piezoelectric materials is an alternative method for low power electronics, such as MEMS, wireless sensor network, portable devices, and nano structures, from extracting the ambient energy. Most piezoelectric energy harvesters are based on cantilever beams with laminated piezoelectric patches. To generate higher dynamic response of piezoelectric energy harvesters, tip mass is attached at the free end of the cantilever beams. Piezoelectric energy harvester array is another way to improve the power, i.e., installing a set of cantilever piezoelectric energy harvesters in close distance. In this research, a new design of piezoelectric energy harvester is proposed. The present design consists of an array of cantilever beams with permanent magnets at the free ends. The permanent magnets are introduced to transfer the excitation force to every cantilever beams. An experimental model is manufactured and experimental energy harvesting is carried out. Piezoelectric patches are laminated on clamped end of cantilever beams, and the permanent magnets are fixed at the free ends. All the magnets have opposite poles with each other to generate repelling force. Then these piezoelectric electric energy harvesters were connected to an AC/DC circuit and the power was measured. Also, the power of proposed piezoelectric energy harvester was compared with the piezoelectric harvesters without permanent magnets. The results show that, present design can generate higher power at the same excitation. Under the base excitation at the first natural frequency, the array of the cantilever beam show similar motion pattern, i.e., there is no phase difference between each other. At higher frequencies, the beams have a phase difference of π. Thus the crash between the cantilever beams can be effectively avoided. At lower excitation frequencies, the presented piezoelectric energy harvester vibration likes the first mode of a simple multi-degree-of-freedom system; and at higher excitation frequencies, the vibration of the presented piezoelectric vibrates like a second mode of a MDOF system.

scholarly journals Piezoelectric Impact Energy Harvester Based on the Composite Spherical Particle Chain for Self-Powered Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3151
Author(s):  
Shuo Yang ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Xiucheng Liu ◽  
Mingzhi Li ◽  
Heying Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Spherical Particle ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Composite Particle ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Particle Chain ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Particle Chains

In this study, a novel piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) based on the array composite spherical particle chain was constructed and explored in detail through simulation and experimental verification. The power test of the PEH based on array composite particle chains in the self-powered system was realized. Firstly, the model of PEH based on the composite spherical particle chain was constructed to theoretically realize the collection, transformation, and storage of impact energy, and the advantages of a composite particle chain in the field of piezoelectric energy harvesting were verified. Secondly, an experimental system was established to test the performance of the PEH, including the stability of the system under a continuous impact load, the power adjustment under different resistances, and the influence of the number of particle chains on the energy harvesting efficiency. Finally, a self-powered supply system was established with the PEH composed of three composite particle chains to realize the power supply of the microelectronic components. This paper presents a method of collecting impact energy based on particle chain structure, and lays an experimental foundation for the application of a composite particle chain in the field of piezoelectric energy harvesting.

scholarly journals Analysis of a Cantilevered Piezoelectric Energy Harvester in Different Orientations for Rotational Motion

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Jiun Su ◽  
Jia-Han Lin ◽  
Wei-Chang Li
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Rotational Motion ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Cantilever ◽  
Tip Mass

This paper investigates a piezoelectric energy harvester that consists of a piezoelectric cantilever and a tip mass for horizontal rotational motion. Rotational motion results in centrifugal force, which causes the axial load on the beam and alters the resonant frequency of the system. The piezoelectric energy harvester is installed on a rotational hub in three orientations—inward, outward, and tilted configurations—to examine their influence on the performance of the harvester. The theoretical model of the piezoelectric energy harvester is developed to explain the dynamics of the system and experiments are conducted to validate the model. Theoretical and experimental studies are presented with various tilt angles and distances between the harvester and the rotating center. The results show that the installation distance and the tilt angle can be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the system to match the excitation frequency.

Energy Harvesting Characteristics from Water Flow by Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Device Using Cr/Nb Doped Pb(Zr,Ti)O3Bimorph Cantilever

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (10S) ◽  
pp. 10MB01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyoung-Bum Kim ◽  
Chang Il Kim ◽  
Young Hun Jeong ◽  
Jeong-Ho Cho ◽  
Jong-Hoo Paik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Multimodal Energy Harvesting System: Piezoelectric and Electromagnetic

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonas Tadesse ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Shashank Priya
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resonance Frequency ◽  
Permanent Magnet ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Tip Mass

In this study, we report a multimodal energy harvesting device that combines electromagnetic and piezoelectric energy harvesting mechanism. The device consists of piezoelectric crystals bonded to a cantilever beam. The tip of the cantilever beam has an attached permanent magnet which, oscillates within a stationary coil fixed to the top of the package. The permanent magnet serves two purpose (i) acts as a tip mass for the cantilever beam and lowers the resonance frequency, and (ii) acts as a core which oscillates between the inductive coils resulting in electric current generation through Faraday's effect. Thus, this design combines the energy harvesting from two different mechanisms, piezoelectric and electromagnetic, on the same platform. The prototype system was optimized using the finite element software, ANSYS, to find the resonance frequency and stress distribution. The power generated from the fabricated prototype was found to be 0.25 W using the electromagnetic mechanism and 0.25 mW using the piezoelectric mechanism at 35 g acceleration and 20 Hz frequency.

scholarly journals Modeling and Experiment of a V-Shaped Piezoelectric Energy Harvester

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Zhao ◽  
Yi Qin ◽  
Lei Guo ◽  
Baoping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Frequency Band ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Piezoelectric Bimorph ◽  
Actual Structure ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Operation Frequency

Vibration-based energy harvesting technology is the most promising method to solve the problems of self-powered wireless sensor nodes, but most of the vibration-based energy harvesters have a rather narrow operation bandwidth and the operation frequency band is not convenient to adjust when the ambient frequency changes. Since the ambient vibration may be broadband and changeable, a novel V-shaped vibration energy harvester based on the conventional piezoelectric bimorph cantilevered structure is proposed, which successfully improves the energy harvesting efficiency and provides a way to adjust the operation frequency band of the energy harvester conveniently. The electromechanical coupling equations are established by using Euler-Bernoulli equation and piezoelectric equation, and then the coupled circuit equation is derived based on the series connected piezoelectric cantilevers and Kirchhoff's laws. With the above equations, the output performances of V-shaped structure under different structural parameters and load resistances are simulated and discussed. Finally, by changing the angle θ between two piezoelectric bimorph beams and the load resistance, various comprehensive experiments are carried out to test the performance of this V-shaped energy harvester under the same excitation. The experimental results show that the V-shaped energy harvester can not only improve the frequency response characteristic and the output performance of the electrical energy, but also conveniently tune the operation bandwidth; thus it has great application potential in actual structure health monitoring under variable working condition.

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