Technoeconomic Analysis of Microalgae Cofiring Process for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ma ◽  
Oliver Hemmers
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Algal Biomass ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Microalgal Biomass ◽  
Technoeconomic Analysis

The concept of cofiring (algal biomass burned together with coal or natural gas in existing utility power boilers) includes the utilization of CO2 from power plant for algal biomass culture and oxycombustion of using oxygen generated by biomass to enhance the combustion efficiency. As it reduces CO2 emission by recycling it and uses less fossil fuel, there are concomitant benefits of reduced greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The by-products (oxygen) of microalgal biomass can be mixed with air or recycled flue gas prior to combustion, which will have the benefits of lower nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gas, higher efficiency of combustion, and not too high temperature (avoided by available construction materials) resulting from coal combustion in pure oxygen. A technoeconomic analysis of microalgae cofiring process for fossil fuel-fired power plants is studied. A process with closed photobioreactor and artificial illumination is evaluated for microalgae cultivation, due to its simplicity with less influence from climate variations. The results from this process would contribute to further estimation of process performance and investment. Two case studies show that there are average savings about $0.264 million/MW/yr and $0.203 million/MW/yr for coal-fired and natural gas-fired power plants, respectively. These cost savings are economically attractive and demonstrate the promise of microalgae technology for reducing GHG emission from fossil fuel-fired power plants.

Thermo-Economic Analysis of Microalgae Co-Firing Process for Fossil Fuel-Fired Power Plants

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ma ◽  
Oliver Hemmers
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Microalgal Biomass

A thermoeconomic analysis of microalgae co-firing process for fossil fuel-fired power plants is studied. A process with closed photobioreactor and artificial illumination is evaluated for microalgae cultivation, due to its simplicity with less influence from climate variations. The results from this process would contribute to further estimation of process performance and investment. The concept of co-firing (coal-microalgae or natural gas-microalgae) includes the utilization of CO2 from power plant for microalgal biomass culture and oxy-combustion of using oxygen generated by biomass to enhance the combustion efficiency. As it reduces CO2 emission by recycling it and uses less fossil fuel, there are concomitant benefits of reduced GHG emissions. The by-products (oxygen) of microalgal biomass can be mixed with air or recycled flue gas prior to combustion, which will have the benefits of lower nitrogen oxide concentration in flue gas, higher efficiency of combustion, and not too high temperature (avoided by available construction materials) resulting from coal combustion in pure oxygen. Two case studies show that there are average savings about $0.386 million/MW/yr and $0.323 million/MW/yr for coal-fired and natural gas-fired power plants, respectively. These costs saving are economically attractive and demonstrate the promise of microalgae technology for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emission.

Opportunities for CO2 Capture and Storage in Iranian Electricity Generation

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshid Zabihian ◽  
Alan S. Fung
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Pure Oxygen ◽  
Co2 Capture And Storage ◽  
And Storage

CO2 capture and storage (CCS) systems are technologies that can be used to reduce CO2 emissions by different industries where combustion is part of the process. A major problem of CCS system utilization in electricity generation industry is their high efficiency penalty in power plants. For different types of power plants fueled by oil, natural gas and coal, there are three main techniques that can be applied: • CO2 capture after combustion (post-combustion); • CO2 capture after concentration of flue gas by using pure oxygen in boilers and furnaces (oxy-fuel power plant); • CO2 capture before combustion (pre-combustion). More than 90% of electricity generation in Iran is based on fossil fuel power plants. Worldwide, electricity generation is responsible for 54% of GHG emissions. Thus, it is vital to reduce CO2 emission in fossil fuel-fired power plants. In this paper, it is shown that, by applying CO2 capture systems in power generation industry, very low CO2 emission intensity is possible but the energy and economic penalties are substantial. The analyses showed that for different technologies efficiency penalty could be as high as 25% and cost of electricity might increase by more than 65%. Two scenarios for Iranian electricity generation sector were investigated in this paper: installing CCS in the existing power plants with current technologies and replacing existing power plants by natural gas combined cycle plants equipped with CO2 capture system. The results revealed that the GHG intensity can be reduced from 610 to 79 gCO2eq/kWh in the first scenario and to 54 gCO2eq/kWh in the second scenario.

Capturing CO2 in flue gas from fossil fuel-fired power plants using dry regenerable alkali metal-based sorbent

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanwen Zhao ◽  
Xiaoping Chen ◽  
Edward J. Anthony ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
Lunbo Duan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel

scholarly journals Can Hydropower Still Be Considered a Clean Energy Source? Compelling Evidence from a Middle-Sized Hydropower Station in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuerong Li ◽  
Faliang Gui ◽  
Qingpeng Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Hydropower Station ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Fossil Carbon ◽  
Global Economic Growth

The development of clean energy is of great importance in alleviating both the energy crisis and environmental pollution resulting from rapid global economic growth. Hydroelectric generation is considered climate benign, as it neither requires fossil carbon to produce energy nor emits large amounts of greenhouse gases (GHG), unlike conventional energy generation techniques such as coal and oil power plants. However, dams and their associated reservoirs are not entirely GHG-neutral and their classification as a clean source of energy requires further investigation. This study evaluated the environmental impact of the Xiajiang hydropower station based on life cycle assessment (LCA) according to the 2006 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines, focusing specifically on GHG emissions after the submersion of the reservoir. Results reveal that although hydropower is not as clean as we thought, it is still an absolute “low emissions” power type in China. The amount of GHG emissions produced by this station is 3.72 million tons with an emissions coefficient of 32.63 g CO2eq/kWh. This figure is lower than that of thermal power, thus implying that hydropower is still a clean energy resource in China. Our recommendations to further minimize the environmental impacts of this station are the optimization of relevant structural designs, the utilization of new and improved construction materials, and the extension of farmland lifting technology.

Design strategies for oxy-combustion power plant captured CO2 purification

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikenna J. Okeke ◽  
Tia Ghantous ◽  
Thomas A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Capture Rate ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Oxygen Removal ◽  
Water Removal ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Technoeconomic Analysis ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
End Use

Abstract This study presents a novel design and techno-economic analysis of processes for the purification of captured CO2 from the flue gas of an oxy-combustion power plant fueled by petroleum coke. Four candidate process designs were analyzed in terms of GHG emissions, thermal efficiency, pipeline CO2 purity, CO2 capture rate, levelized costs of electricity, and cost of CO2 avoided. The candidates were a classic process with flue-gas water removal via condensation, flue-gas water removal via condensation followed by flue-gas oxygen removal through cryogenic distillation, flue-gas water removal followed by catalytic conversion of oxygen in the flue gas to water via reaction with hydrogen, and oxy-combustion in a slightly oxygen-deprived environment with flue-gas water removal and no need for flue gas oxygen removal. The former two were studied in prior works and the latter two concepts are new to this work. The eco-technoeconomic analysis results indicated trade-offs between the four options in terms of cost, efficiency, lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, costs of CO2 avoided, technical readiness, and captured CO2 quality. The slightly oxygen-deprived process has the lowest costs of CO2 avoided, but requires tolerance of a small amount of H2, CO, and light hydrocarbons in the captured CO2 which may or may not be feasible depending on the CO2 end use. If infeasible, the catalytic de-oxygenation process is the next best choice. Overall, this work is the first study to perform eco-technoeconomic analyses of different techniques for O2 removal from CO2 captured from an oxy-combustion power plant.

scholarly journals Development of Multimode Gas Fired Combined Cycle Chemical-Looping Combustion Based Power Plant Lay-Outs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure

Abstract Operation of power plants in carbon dioxide capture and non-capture modes and energy penalty or energy utilization in such operations are of great significance. This work reports on two gas fired pressurized chemical-looping combustion power plant lay-outs with two inbuilt modes of flue gas exit namely, with carbon dioxide capture mode and second mode is letting flue gas (consists carbon dioxide and water) without capturing carbon dioxide. In the non-CCS mode, higher thermal efficiencies of 54.06% and 52.63% efficiencies are obtained with natural gas and syngas. In carbon capture mode, a net thermal efficiency of 52.13% is obtained with natural gas and 48.78% with syngas. The operating pressure of air reactor is taken to be 13 bar for realistic operational considerations and that of fuel reactor is 11.5 bar. Two power plant lay-outs developed based combined cycle CLC mode for natural gas and syngas fuels. A single lay-out is developed for two fuels with possible retrofit for dual fuel operation. The CLC Power plants can be operated with two modes of flue gas exit options and these operational options makes them higher thermal efficient power plants.

Multi-Pollutant Removal System Performance: Based on Testing and Plant Operation Experience

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-J. Hamel ◽  
Walter Jaeger ◽  
Volker Fattinger ◽  
Heinz Termuehlen
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Clean Coal ◽  
The Us ◽  
Removal System

Since roughly 95 % of the fossil fuel reserves in the US are coal and only 5 % natural gas and crude oil, we need clean coal-fired power plants. Today, about 1400 pulverized-coal-fired power plant units are generating roughly 50 % of the US electric power.

Performance Optimization of Advanced Power Plants Based on Fossil Fuel Decarbonization Technologies

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gambini ◽  
Michela Vellini
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
H2 Production ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Percentage Points

In this paper two options for H2 production, by means of fossil fuels, are presented and their performances are evaluated when they are integrated with advanced H2/air cycles. In this investigation two different schemes have been analyzed: an advanced combined cycle power plant (CC) and a new advanced mixed cycle power plant (AMC). The two methods for producing H2 are as follows: • partial oxidation of methane; • gasification of coal. These hydrogen production plants require material and energetic integrations with the power section and the best interconnections must be investigated in order to obtain good overall performance. With reference to thermodynamic and economic performance, significant comparisons have been made between the above mentioned reference plants. An efficiency decrease and an increase in the cost of electricity have been obtained when power plants are equipped with a fossil fuel decarbonization section. The main results of the performed investigation are quite variable among the different H2 production technologies here considered: the efficiency decreases in a range of 5.5 percentage points to nearly 10 for the partial oxidation of the natural gas and in a range of 6.2–6.4 percentage points for the coal gasification. The electricity production cost increases in a range of about 33–37% for the first option and in a range of about 24–32% for the second one. The clean use of coal seems to have very good potentiality because, in comparison with natural gas decarbonisation, it allows lower energy penalizations (about 6 percentage points) and lower economic increases (about 24% for the CC).

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