Concept Exploration Through Morphological Charts: An Experimental Study

This paper presents two design experiments to evaluate the impact of the size and shape of a morphological chart used to identify promising concepts within those charts. In each experiment, students designed either a burrito folder or a pet feeder. The first experiment used two rectangular morphological charts; one vertically oriented with more functions and one horizontally oriented with more means. The second experiment used four morphological charts, two charts similar to the first experiment and two nearly square with a similar number of functions and means. Participants from similar populations were enrolled and similar protocols were followed to align the results for comparison. A comparison of the significant aspects of each experiment emphasized the problem, the participants, the morphological charts employed, and the experimental procedures. Furthermore, a critique of the two experiments is provided and joint conclusions are drawn. Experimental results suggest that reducing information in the morphological charts, such as the number of functions, enhances the likelihood for developing higher quality integrated concept solutions. While accurate for most configurations, this benefit is limited in that the largest sized chart failed to show worse results compared with smaller counterparts.

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An Experimental Study on the Lateral Impact of Fully Clamped Mild Steel Pipes

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part E Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1243/pime_proc_1992_206_207_02 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 206 (2) ◽

pp. 111-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

N Jones ◽

S E Birch ◽

R S Birch ◽

L Zhu ◽

M Brown

Keyword(s):

Experimental Data ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Mild Steel ◽

Failure Modes ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Lateral Impact ◽

Drop Hammer ◽

Steel Pipes ◽

Scale Range ◽

The Impact

This report presents some experimental data that were recorded from 130 impact tests on mild steel pipes in two drop hammer rigs. The pipes were fully clamped across a span which was ten times the corresponding outside pipe diameters which lie between 22 and 324 mm. All of the pipes except five had wall thicknesses of 2 mm approximately and were impacted laterally by a rigid wedge indenter at the mid span, one-quarter span or near to a support. The impact velocities ranged up to 14 m/s and caused various failure modes. Some comparisons between two sets of experimental results indicate that the laws of geometrically similar scaling are almost satisfied over a scale range of approximately five.

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Experimental Study on the Response Characteristics of Oilcans under High-Velocity Fragment Impact

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.500 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 510 ◽

pp. 500-506

Author(s):

Chang Hai Chen ◽

Xi Zhu ◽

Hai Liang Hou ◽

Li Jun Zhang ◽

Ting Tang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

High Velocity ◽

High Speed ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

High Speed Camera ◽

Response Characteristics ◽

Fuel Oils ◽

The Impact

To explore the deflagration possibility of the warship cabin filled with fuel oil under impact of high-speed fragments in the condition of room temperature, experiments were carried out employing the small aluminium oilcans filled with fuel oil. Response processes of the oilcans were observed with the help of a high-speed camera. The disintegration as well as flying scattering of the oilcans were analyzed. The reasons for atomization of the fuel oils were presented. Finally, the deflagration possibility of warship oil cabin was analyzed. Results show that the pressure inside the oilcan is quite great under the impact of the high-speed fragment, which makes the oilcan disintegration and flying scattering. Simultaneously, fuel oils inside the oilcans are atomized quickly followed by ejected in front and back directions. Under the same condition as in present tests, deflagration will not occur for fuel oils used by warships. Experimental results will provide valuable references for the deflagration analysis of warship fuel oil cabins subjected to the impact of high-velocity fragments.

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The Impact and Modelling of Concentrated Butt-Joints on Vertically Laminated Bamboo-Timber Hybrid Bio-Flitch Beams

10.21203/rs.3.rs-752107/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hexin Zhang ◽

Niaz Gharavi ◽

Simon H.F. Wong ◽

Yu Deng ◽

Ali Bahadori-Jahromi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Close Agreement ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Flexural Properties ◽

Butt Joints ◽

Laminated Bamboo ◽

Structural Applications ◽

Hybrid Beams ◽

The Impact ◽

Laminated Bamboo Lumber

Abstract This paper presents the experimental and analytical studies to investigate the impact of concentrated laminated bamboo butt-joints on the flexural properties of vertically laminated bamboo-timber hybrid beams (VLHBs, or flitch beam). The experimental results reveal that the concentrated butt-joints significantly reduce the flexural strength of the VLHB. They also suggest that the failure mechanism of the VLHBs with or without concentrated butt-joints are completely different. In addition, laminated bamboo lumber with concentrated butt-joints was found to be unsuitable for structural applications. The analytical estimations show close agreement with the experimental results. However, due to the layout of the sample VLHB, the experimental study cannot confirm the impact of the butt-joints on the modulus of elasticity in bending.

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Experimental study of spreading characteristics of droplet impacting on canopy fabric surface

Modern Physics Letters B ◽

10.1142/s0217984917503250 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (34) ◽

pp. 1750325 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Han Cheng ◽

Chao Qiu ◽

Changchun Zhou ◽

Xuebin Sun ◽

Rui Yang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Kinetic Energy ◽

Impact Velocity ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Initial Kinetic Energy ◽

Droplet Spreading ◽

Visualization Technology ◽

Fabric Surface ◽

The Impact

A new experiment based on visualization technology is designed to study the spreading characteristics of droplet impacting on canopy fabric. The processes of droplet impacting on 66 type polyamide grid silk are captured. The experimental results show that the spreading characteristics are also affected by fabric pretension and fabric permeability. The pretension is favorable for the droplet to reach the final equilibrium stage. The impact velocity determines the initial kinetic energy and plays a major role in the droplet spreading. The fabric permeability determines the wettability and has different effects on spreading characteristics under different working conditions. In addition, the above factors can enhance the two competitive processes of spreading and imbibing at the same time. The spreading characteristics depend on which process is the dominant one.

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Experimental Study of Impact Pressures and Reaction Forces on a VLGC Tank Due to Sloshing

29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering: Volume 4 ◽

10.1115/omae2010-20969 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Zhonghua Cai ◽

Yinghua Zhong ◽

Zhe Li ◽

Deyu Wang

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Roll Motion ◽

Tank Wall ◽

Coupled Motion ◽

Pressure Transducers ◽

Force Transducers ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

Heave Motion ◽

The Impact

This study presents results of an experimental study of slosh-induced impact pressures and reaction forces on a 80,000 m3 VLGC (Very Large Gas Carrier) tank. The scale of the model tank was 1/45.5. Experiments were performed with 30% and 70% filling levels. Single and coupled motion tests were carried out. Excitation amplitudes and frequencies were based on the guideline of Lloyd’s Register. For measuring impact pressures and reaction forces, 12 pressure transducers and 48 force transducers were installed on the model. The experimental results showed that coupled pitch and roll motion causes the maximum impact pressures. Heave motion has little effect on impact pressures. The impact pressures of side transducers on the longitudinal tank wall are larger than those of middle transducers which are of the same height. Coupled motion causes larger reaction forces.

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Experimental study of thermohydraulic characteristics and irreversibility analysis of novel axial corrugated tube with spring tape inserts

The European Physical Journal Applied Physics ◽

10.1051/epjap/2020200192 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 30901

Author(s):

Suvanjan Bhattacharyya ◽

Debraj Sarkar ◽

Ulavathi Shettar Mahabaleshwar ◽

Manoj K. Soni ◽

M. Mohanraj

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Experimental Study ◽

Thermal Performance ◽

Working Fluid ◽

The Novel ◽

Heat Exchanger Tube ◽

Heat Transfer Augmentation ◽

Corrugated Tube ◽

The Impact ◽

Exchanger Tube

The current study experimentally investigates the heat transfer augmentation on the novel axial corrugated heat exchanger tube in which the spring tape is introduced. Air (Pr = 0.707) is used as a working fluid. In order to augment the thermohydraulic performance, a corrugated tube with inserts is offered. The experimental study is further extended by varying the important parameters like spring ratio (y = 1.5, 2.0, 2.5) and Reynolds number (Re = 10 000–52 000). The angular pitch between the two neighboring corrugations and the angle of the corrugation is kept constant through the experiments at β = 1200 and α = 600 respectively, while two different corrugations heights (h) are analyzed. While increasing the corrugation height and decreasing the spring ratio, the impact of the swirling effect improves the thermal performance of the system. The maximum thermal performance is obtained when the corrugation height is h = 0.2 and spring ratio y = 1.5. Eventually, correlations for predicting friction factor (f) and Nusselt number (Nu) are developed.

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