scholarly journals Understanding the Impact of Subjective Uncertainty on Architecture and Supplier Identification in Early Complex Systems Design

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Ye ◽  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Gül E. Kremer
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Systems Design ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Subjective Uncertainty ◽  
Estimation Uncertainty ◽  
Expert Estimation ◽  
Design Support Tool ◽  
Fuzzy Linguistic ◽  
The Impact

The Architecture and Supplier Identification Tool (ASIT) is a design support tool, which enables identification of the most suitable architectures and suppliers in early stages of complex systems design, with consideration of overall requirements satisfaction and uncertainty. During uncertainty estimation, several types of uncertainties that are essential in early design (i.e., uncertainty of modules due to new technology integration, compatibility between modules, and supplier performance uncertainty) have been considered in ASIT. However, it remains unclear whether uncertainty due to expert estimation should be taken into account. From one perspective, expert estimation uncertainty may significantly influence the overall uncertainty, since early complex systems design greatly depends on expert estimation; whereas an opposing perspective argues that expert estimation uncertainty should be neglected given its relatively much smaller scale. In order to understand how expert estimation uncertainty influences the architecture and supplier identification, a comprehensive study of possible modeling approaches has been discussed within the context of ASIT; type-1 fuzzy sets and 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation are selected to integrate subjective uncertainty into ASIT. A powertrain design case is used to compare results between cases considering subjective uncertainty versus cases not considering subjective uncertainty. Finally, implications of considering subjective uncertainty in early conceptual design are discussed.

Understanding the Impact of Expert Estimation Related Uncertainties on Architecture Generation and Supplier Identification

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Ye ◽  
Marija Jankovic ◽  
Gül E. Kremer
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Early Design ◽  
Subjective Uncertainty ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Expert Estimation ◽  
Architecture Generation ◽  
Account Due ◽  
The Impact

The Architecture & Supplier Identification Tool (ASIT) is a design support tool enabling generation of system architectures in early design with consideration of supplier identification and evaluation. Several types of uncertainties have been considered in ASIT in order to estimate the overall uncertainty of the architectures. However, the subjective uncertainty caused by expert estimation had not been taken into account. Due to new technology integration and lack of information in early design, expert estimation is commonly used, which is also the case in the ASIT. As a considerable source of uncertainty, the consideration of subjective uncertainty may significantly influence the ASIT results, thus impacting the reliability of ASIT. This paper aims at understanding the sensitivity of the ASIT when subjective uncertainties are taken into account. The type-1 fuzzy sets and the 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation are selected to represent subjective uncertainties. A powertrain case study has been used to compare the results and test the sensitivity of ASIT. The comparison shows that the subjective uncertainty does not considerably influence ASIT results, and the ASIT is robust.

scholarly journals Mitigating the Impact of Factories on the Landscape: An Assessment and Design Support Tool

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Lia Marchi ◽  
Ernesto Antonini ◽  
Valentina Orioli ◽  
Steve Evans
Keyword(s):  
Design Support ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Design Support Tool ◽  
The Impact

Design Information Support Tool (DIST): Its Development and Effectiveness Investigation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gu¨l E. Okudan ◽  
Madara Ogot ◽  
Girish Rao
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Collaborative Design ◽  
Solid Modeling ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Successful Design ◽  
Design Support Tool

A number of software tools exist to assist the designer during the design process. These include tools for solid modeling of components, programs for simulating complex systems, for generating machining code and so on. However, a closer examination reveals that most of these tools are of use in the later stages in the design process. Even though design activity analyses showed the initial phases of design to have the maximum impact on the successful design of a product, few tools exist to support the needs of the designer during these critical stages. This paper documents the development of a design support tool (DIST) based on an analysis of a collaborative design activity. Then, results of an experiment are shared, which was designed to investigate DIST’s effectiveness during conceptual design by novice designers.

The Process of Globalization and Its Impact on Media

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Veton Zejnullahi
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Media Access ◽  
Four Corners ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Human Eyes ◽  
The Impact

The process of globalization, which many times is considered as new world order is affecting all spheres of modern society but also the media. In this paper specifically we will see the impact of globalization because we see changing the media access to global problems in general being listed on these processes. We will see that the greatest difficulties will have small media as such because the process is moving in the direction of creating mega media which thanks to new technology are reaching to deliver news and information at the time of their occurrence through choked the small media. So it is fair to conclude that the rapid economic development and especially the technology have made the world seem "too small" to the human eyes, because for real-time we will communicate with the world with the only one Internet connection, and also all the information are take for the development of events in the four corners of the world and direct from the places when the events happen. Even Albanian space has not left out of this process because the media in the Republic of Albania and the Republic of Kosovo are adapted to the new conditions under the influence of the globalization process. This fact is proven powerful through creating new television packages, written the websites and newspapers in their possession.

The impact of applying the Common Customs Tariff on the armenian export of Cut and Polished Gems to Russia

2019 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
V. L. Harutyunyan ◽  
S. V. Dokholyan ◽  
A. R. Makaryan
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Practical Implication ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Diamond Cutting ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

The presented study discusses the issues of applying the Common Customs Tariff (CCT) rates of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) on rough diamonds and the impact thereof on the exports of stones cut and polished inArmeniaand then exported toRussia.Aim. The study aims to identify the possible strategies Armenian diamond cutting and polishing companies could adopt as a response to the application of the CCT rates on rough diamonds and how it would affect exports to various destinations, namely to Russia.Tasks. The authors analyze the current state of the gems and jewelry sector and substantiate the need to either integrate it into the jewelry manufacturing sector or to apply various strategies to facilitate exports to either Russia or other destinations in the medium term in response to the application of the CCT rates.Methods. This study uses general scientific methods of cognition, including analytical and methodological approaches and elements of forecasting. Possible strategies the Armenian diamond cutting and polishing companies could adopt in the medium term in response to the application of the EAEU CCT rates are determined using the analytical research method, forecasts in the context of the developments in the Armenian gem processing and jewelry market and global trends, statistical data on the imports and exports of cut and polished gems and jewelry for 2014–2018 published by the UN Comtrade Statistics.Results. Statistics on the exports of processed diamonds from 2014 to 2018 highlights the issue associated with the loss of competitiveness suffered by Armenian companies (mainly in comparison with Indian diamond cutters). The major global trends in the diamond cutting and polishing business indicate that it could be virtually impossible for Armenian cutters and polishers to compete with Indian companies in the medium term if they do not comes to investing in new technology to achieve operational efficiency. For these companies, it is important not to lose the Russian market due to an increase in the tariff rate and concentrate on the processing of gems that are larger than 1 carat. Another strategy to avoid an increase in the customs tariff rates would depend on the Armenian government’s ability to negotiate with Russia in respect of direct imports of diamond stones from Russian manufactures. Two other options for Armenian cutters involve focusing on cutting and polishing of rubies, sapphires, emeralds, etc. or integrating into the jewelry sector either by being the primary supplier or by considering this business as a channel to sell processed diamond stones by setting up their own jewelry manufacturing companies.Conclusions. With CCT going into effect in January 2021 and India’s dominant role in the diamond cutting and polishing business, Armenia needs to carefully consider all of the strategies the Armenian companies could adopt, as discussed above. As a member state of the EAEU, Armenia freely exports to Russia, however, further exports to Russia would depend on Armenia’s ability to ensure that cost-effective operations are in place, or to concentrate on the processing of precious gems rather than diamonds, or to switch to the manufacturing of jewelry items as a major export item.Practical Implication. The findings of this study could be of interest to the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Armenia and Business Armenia that could be used in elaborating the strategy for the development of Armenian gems and jewelry sector of the economy.

scholarly journals Quantifying the increase in fishing efficiency due to the use of drifting FADs equipped with echosounders in tropical tuna purse seine fisheries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenaëlle Wain ◽  
Loreleï Guéry ◽  
David Michael Kaplan ◽  
Daniel Gaertner
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Purse Seine ◽  
Catch Per Unit Effort ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
Thunnus Obesus ◽  
Efficiency Increase ◽  
Tropical Tuna ◽  
Floating Objects ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Numerous pelagic species are known to associate with floating objects (FOBs), including tropical tunas. Purse seiners use this behaviour to facilitate the capture of tropical tunas by deploying artificial drifting fish aggregating devices (dFADs). One major recent change has been the integration of echosounders in satellite-tracked GPS buoys attached to FOBs, allowing fishers to remotely estimate fishable biomass. Understanding the effects of this new technology on catch of the three main tuna species (yellowfin tuna, Thunnus albacares; bigeye tuna, Thunnus obesus; and skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis) is important to accurately correct for this change in catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) indices used for stock assessments. We analysed catch data from the French purse seine fleet for the period 2010–2017 in the Indian Ocean to assess the impact of this fleet’s switch to echosounder buoys around 2012. Results indicate that echosounders do not increase the probability a set will be succesful, but they have a positive effect on catch per set, with catches on average increasing by ≈2−2.5 tonnes per set (≈10%) when made on the vessel's own dFADs equipped with an echosounder buoy. Increases were due to a decrease in sets below ≈25 tonnes and an increase in those greater than ≈25 tonnes, with a non-linear transition around this threshold. This increase explains the considerable investment of purse seiners in echosounder buoys, but also raises concerns about bias in stock size estimates based on CPUE if we do not correct for this fishing efficiency increase.

Accounting Information Systems in Public Sector towards Blockchain Technology Application: The Role of Accountants’ Emotional Intelligence in the Digital Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-94
Author(s):  
Pham Quang Huy ◽  
Vu Kien Phuc
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
Accounting Information Systems ◽  
Technology Application ◽  
Public Sector Organization ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This research ferreted out to inspect the interconnection between emotional intelligence (EI), Blockchain technology application (BLO) and the effectiveness of Accounting information system (AIS). Survey-based data obtained from 412 respondents were applied to validate the model hypotheses. Building on the statistical analysis with the support of SPSS 25.0 and SMART- PLS (partial least squares) 3.2.8 software package, the model results inferred the impact of EI on BLO. Besides, the outputs of the study accentuated on the importance of BLO on the effectiveness of AIS. These significant additions will optimistically inspire other scholars to carry on exploring the relationship between EI and BLO in enhancing the effectiveness of AIS in research settings as well as in explaining the results. On the other hand, taking these results into consideration could promote much better solutions for issues relevant to EI and new technology application among public sector organization (PSO) in term of increasing the performance of AIS.

scholarly journals Room Size Influences Flow in Robotic-Assisted Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7984
Author(s):  
Falisha Kanji ◽  
Tara Cohen ◽  
Myrtede Alfred ◽  
Ashley Caron ◽  
Samuel Lawton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Surgical Robots ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Robotic Assisted ◽  
Surgical Technology ◽  
Room Size ◽  
Robotic Assisted Surgery ◽  
Academic Hospitals ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
The Impact

The introduction of surgical technology into existing operating rooms (ORs) can place novel demands on staff and infrastructure. Despite the substantial physical size of the devices in robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), the workspace implications are rarely considered. This study aimed to explore the impact of OR size on the environmental causes of surgical flow disruptions (FDs) occurring during RAS. Fifty-six RAS procedures were observed at two academic hospitals between July 2019 and January 2021 across general, urologic, and gynecologic surgical specialties. A multiple regression analysis demonstrated significant effects of room size in the pre-docking phase (t = 2.170, df = 54, β = 0.017, p = 0.035) where the rate of FDs increased as room size increased, and docking phase (t = −2.488, df = 54, β = −0.017, p = 0.016) where the rate of FDs increased as room size decreased. Significant effects of site (pre-docking phase: p = 0.000 and docking phase: p = 0.000) were also demonstrated. Findings from this study demonstrate hitherto unrecognized spatial challenges involved with introducing surgical robots into the operating domain. While new technology may provide benefits towards patient safety, it is important to consider the needs of the technology prior to integration.

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