Adapting Steady-State Solar Power Models to Include Transients

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abutayeh ◽  
Anas Alazzam
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Power Models ◽  
Software Codes ◽  
The Impact

Quite a few computer programs have been developed to model power plant performance. These software codes are geared toward modeling steady-state operations, which are usually sufficient for conventional power plants. Solar thermal power plants undergo prolonged transient start-up and shut-down operations due to the periodic nature of solar radiation. Moreover, the large size of the solar field brings about large residence time that must be considered to accurately lag power generation. A novel scheme has been developed to fine-tune steady-state solar power generation models to accurately take account of the impact of those transient operations. The suggested new scheme is implemented by adjusting solar radiation data input to the model and has been shown to clearly improve modeling accuracy by moving modeled results closer to matching real operating data.

Adapting Steady State Solar Power Models to Include Transients

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abutayeh
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Power Models ◽  
Software Codes ◽  
The Impact

Quite a few computer programs have been developed to model power plant performance. These software codes are geared towards modeling steady state operations which is usually sufficient for conventional power plants. Solar thermal power plants undergo lengthy transient start–up and shut–down operations due to the sporadic nature of solar radiation; therefore, valid modeling of their performance must address those unsteady state operations. A novel scheme has been developed to fine–tune steady state solar power generation models to accurately take account of the impact of those transient operations. The suggested new scheme is implemented by adjusting solar radiation input data and has been shown to significantly improve modeling accuracy by moving modeled results closer to matching real operating data.

An Expanded Cost of Electricity Model for Highly Flexible Power Plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 135 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen ◽  
Indrajit Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
The Impact

Cost of electricity (COE) is the most widely used metric to quantify the cost-performance trade-off involved in comparative analysis of competing electric power generation technologies. Unfortunately, the currently accepted formulation of COE is only applicable to comparisons of power plant options with the same annual electric generation (kilowatt-hours) and the same technology as defined by reliability, availability, and operability. Such a formulation does not introduce a big error into the COE analysis when the objective is simply to compare two or more base-loaded power plants of the same technology (e.g., natural gas fired gas turbine simple or combined cycle, coal fired conventional boiler steam turbine, etc.) and the same (or nearly the same) capacity. However, comparing even the same technology class power plants, especially highly flexible advanced gas turbine combined cycle units with cyclic duties, comprising a high number of daily starts and stops in addition to emissions-compliant low-load operation to accommodate the intermittent and uncertain load regimes of renewable power generation (mainly wind and solar) requires a significant overhaul of the basic COE formula. This paper develops an expanded COE formulation by incorporating crucial power plant operability and maintainability characteristics such as reliability, unrecoverable degradation, and maintenance factors as well as emissions into the mix. The core impact of duty cycle on the plant performance is handled via effective output and efficiency utilizing basic performance correction curves. The impact of plant start and load ramps on the effective performance parameters is included. Differences in reliability and total annual energy generation are handled via energy and capacity replacement terms. The resulting expanded formula, while rigorous in development and content, is still simple enough for most feasibility study type of applications. Sample calculations clearly reveal that inclusion (or omission) of one or more of these factors in the COE evaluation, however, can dramatically swing the answer from one extreme to the other in some cases.

scholarly journals The Impact of Electricity Price on Power-Generation Structure: Evidence From China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hong Li
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Generation Structure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Energy Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Plants

Being affected by a variety of factors, power-generation structure plays an essential role in a high-quality and sustainable development. The focus of this paper is to evaluate the influence of electricity price on it. First, we provide a microeconomic framework to understand the impact mechanism. We discuss two effects through which price level can affect power generation, and then the power-generation structure. After that, an empirical test is conducted using provincial panel data, and the results of it are robust. We also test the above-mentioned mechanism empirically. There are two main conclusions. First, the electricity price has a positive effect on the share of thermal power in electricity generation. Second, the mechanism test shows that an increase of electricity price can not only improve efficiency of power plants but also propel firms to invest in more renewable energy plants.

An Expanded Cost of Electricity Model for Highly Flexible Power Plants

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Can Gülen ◽  
Indrajit Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cost Of Electricity ◽  
Renewable Power ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
The Impact

Cost of electricity (COE) is the most widely used metric to quantify the cost-performance trade-off involved in comparative analysis of competing electric power generation technologies. Unfortunately, the currently accepted formulation of COE is only applicable to comparisons of power plant options with the same annual electric generation (kilowatt-hours) and same technology as defined by reliability, availability and operability. Such a formulation does not introduce a big error into the COE analysis when the objective is simply to compare two or more baseloaded power plants of the same technology (e.g., natural gas fired gas turbine simple or combined cycle, coal fired conventional boiler steam turbine, etc.) and the same (or nearly the same) capacity. However, comparing even the same technology class power plants, especially highly flexible advanced gas turbine combined cycle units with cyclic duties, comprising a high number of daily starts and stops in addition to emissions-compliant low-load operation to accommodate the intermittent and uncertain load regimes of renewable power generation (mainly wind and solar) requires a significant overhaul of the basic COE formula. This paper develops an expanded COE formulation by incorporating crucial power plant operability and maintainability characteristics such as reliability, unrecoverable degradation, and maintenance factors as well as emissions into the mix. The core impact of duty cycle on the plant performance is handled via effective output and efficiency utilizing basic performance correction curves. The impact of plant start and load ramps on the effective performance parameters is included. Differences in reliability and total annual energy generation are handled via energy and capacity replacement terms. The resulting expanded formula, while rigorous in development and content, is still simple enough for most feasibility study type of applications. Sample calculations clearly reveal that inclusion (or omission) of one or more of these factors in the COE evaluation, however, can dramatically swing the answer from one extreme to the other in some cases.

scholarly journals Potential of Renewable Energy Resources with an Emphasis on Solar Power in Iraq: An Outlook

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain Al-Kayiem ◽  
Sanan Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Concentrated Solar Power ◽  
The Cost

This study presents an outlook on the renewable energies in Iraq, and the potential for deploying concentrated solar power technologies to support power generation in Iraq. Solar energy has not been sufficiently utilized at present in Iraq. However, this energy source can play an important role in energy production in Iraq, as the global solar radiation ranging from 2000 kWh/m2 to a 2500 kWh/m2 annual daily average. In addition, the study presents the limited current solar energy activities in Iraq. The attempts of the Iraqi government to utilize solar energy are also presented. Two approaches for utilizing concentrated solar power have been proposed, to support existing thermal power generation, with the possibility of being implemented as standalone plants or being integrated with thermal power plants. However, the cost analysis has shown that for 50 kW concentrated solar power in Iraq, the cost is around 0.23 US cent/kWh without integration with energy storage. Additionally, notable obstacles and barriers bounding the utilization of solar energy are also discussed. Finally, this study proposes initiatives that can be adopted by the Iraqi government to support the use of renewable energy resources in general, and solar energy in particular.

scholarly journals The Prospects for Wind Energy Development in the Republic of Belarus

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. S. Petrusha ◽  
N. A. Papkova
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Wind Energy ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
The Impact

The use of wind turbines to create wind energy is one of the main alternatives to the traditional technologies of power generation. The exclusion of combustion products emissions at thermal power plants that operate on hydrocarbon fuel, as well as the exclusion of the fuel component of the cost of electricity generation makes the wind power technology very attractive. However, the rigor of the operation requirements of wind turbines as part of power systems, low density of the flow of primary energy source and the lack of control of it, low utilization of installed capacity, limited operating life, shutdowns in the conditions of squally gusts of wind and ice formation, large areas of alienated land, the impact of noise and infrasonic vibrations and the problems of utilization of large-size structural elements and foundations require a comprehensive analysis of conditions of wind turbines application. Despite the absence of desert areas and of restrictions on the construction of ultra-high structures the analysis of natural and climatic conditions of Belarus demonstrates favorable natural and landscape conditions for the development of wind power generation. The principal task is to choose the location of wind power plants with due regard to environmental requirements, temperature and humidity conditions, terrain and geological features of the location. The results of calculations of the wind flow conditions showed the preference for the joint application of the Weibull and Rayleigh functions that provide the confidence interval of the approximation of the wind speed function, while the terrain specific features make it possible to expect to obtain higher values of the established capacity utilization factor. The development of a distributed energy generation accompanied by Smart Grid technology wide use over electric networks (which would provide new opportunities for consumers and make it possible to eliminate the monopoly of powerful power plants and to reduce burden of basic costs of big power production) ought to be considered as obvious prospect of wind power plants application.

scholarly journals Day-Ahead Scheduling for Renewable Energy Generation Systems considering Concentrating Solar Power Plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Lu ◽  
Leilei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Resource ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Concentrating Solar Power ◽  
Solar Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation

With the advent of the new types of electrical systems that attach more importance to the renewability of the energy resource, issues arising out of the randomness and volatility of the renewable energy resource, such as the safety, reliability, and economic operation of the underlying power generation system, are expected to be challenging. Generally speaking, the power generation company can do a reasonable dispatch of each unit according to weather forecast and load demand information. Focusing on concentrating solar power (CSP) plants (wind power, photovoltaic, battery energy storage, and thermal power plants), this paper proposes a day-ahead scheduling model for renewable energy generation systems. The model also considers demand response and related generator set constraints. The problem is described as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) problem, which can be solved by the CPLEX solver to obtain an optimal solution. At the same time, the paper compares and analyzes the impact of concentrating solar power plants on other renewable energy generation and thermal power operation systems. The results show that the renewable energy generation system can lower power generation costs, reduce load fluctuation, and enhance the energy storage rate.

scholarly journals Predicting the Performance of Solar Power Generation Using Deep Learning Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6887
Author(s):  
Chung-Hong Lee ◽  
Hsin-Chang Yang ◽  
Guan-Bo Ye
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Photovoltaic Cell ◽  
Power Prediction ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Variable Nature ◽  
Solar Power Plants

In recent years, many countries have provided promotion policies related to renewable energy in order to take advantage of the environmental factors of sufficient sunlight. However, the application of solar energy in the power grid also has disadvantages. The most obvious is the variability of power output, which will put pressure on the system. As more grid reserves are needed to compensate for fluctuations in power output, the variable nature of solar power may hinder further deployment. Besides, one of the main issues surrounding solar energy is the variability and unpredictability of sunlight. If it is cloudy or covered by clouds during the day, the photovoltaic cell cannot produce satisfactory electricity. How to collect relevant factors (variables) and data to make predictions so that the solar system can increase the power generation of solar power plants is an important topic that every solar supplier is constantly thinking about. The view is taken, therefore, in this work, we utilized the historical monitoring data collected by the ground-connected solar power plants to predict the power generation, using daily characteristics (24 h) to replace the usual seasonal characteristics (365 days) as the experimental basis. Further, we implemented daily numerical prediction of the whole-point power generation. The preliminary experimental evaluations demonstrate that our developed method is sensible, allowing for exploring the performance of solar power prediction.

Variability in Thermal Performance and Measured Heat Rate in Fossil-Fuelled Power Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 206 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
F L Carvalho ◽  
F H D Conradie ◽  
H Kuerten ◽  
F J McDyer
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Performance Monitoring ◽  
Unit Commitment ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Heat Rate ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Plant Management ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Stable Operating

The paper examines the variability of key parameters in the operation of ten thermal power plants in various commercial grid environments with a view to assessing the viability of ‘on-demand’ plant performance monitoring for heat rate declaration. The plants of various types are limited to coal- and oil-fired units in the capacity range of 305–690 MW generated output. The paper illustrates the influence of control system configuration on effective and flexible power plant management. The analysis of variability indicates that there is a reasonable probability of achieving adequately stable operating periods within the normal operating envelope of grid dispatch instructions when thermal performance monitoring and display can be undertaken with a high confidence level. The levels of variability in fuel quality, which were measured during nominally constant levels of fuel input and generated output, range from about +1 per cent for oil-fired plants to about ±5 per cent for coal-fired power plants. The implications of adopting on-line monitoring of unit heat rate as an input to the generation ordering and unit commitment process are potentially significant cost and energy conservation benefits for utilities having a high proportion of coal- and oil-fired generation.

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