Tribological Properties of Ti-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Under Boundary Lubrication With ZDDP

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Jia-jie Kang ◽  
Guozheng Ma ◽  
Lina Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Cathodic Arc Deposition ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Cathodic Arc ◽  
Ti Content

Abstract Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings containing 0.7%, 5.8% and 23.3% Ti were deposited via pulsed cathodic arc deposition and magnetron sputtering on AISI 316L stainless steel substrates. The varied Ti content was controlled by setting Ti target current at 3, 5 and 7A. The composition, microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Ti-doped DLC (Ti-DLC) coatings were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation and ball-on-disc tribometer. The results show that TiC formed when Ti content in the coating was higher than 5.8% and the ID/IG ratios increased gradually with the increasing Ti content. Ti-DLC with 0.7 Ti had the highest H/E and H3/E2 ratios and exhibited optimal tribological properties under lubrication, especially when ZDDP was contained in the oil. Furthermore, ZDDP tribofilms played an important role in wear reduction by protecting the rubbing surfaces against adhesion and suppressing the tribo-induced graphitization of DLC coatings.

scholarly journals Structure, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Me-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) (Me = Al, Ti, or Nb) Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon Coatings

Coatings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imane Bouabibsa ◽  
Salim Lamri ◽  
Frederic Sanchette
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

Metal containing hydrogenated diamond-like carbon coatings (Me-DLC, Me = Al, Ti, or Nb) of 3 ± 0.2 μm thickness were deposited by a magnetron sputtering-RFPECVD hybrid process in an Ar/H2/C2H2 mixture. The composition and structure were investigated by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The residual stress was measured using the curvature method and nanoindentation was used to determine the hardness and the Young’s modulus. A Ball-on-disk tribometer was employed to investigate the frictional properties and sliding wear resistance of films. The results show that the properties depend on the nature and the Me content in the coatings. The doping of the DLC coatings leads to a decrease in hardness, Young’s modulus, and residual stresses. Wear rate of the films first decreases with intermediate Me contents and then increases for higher Me contents. Significant improvements in the friction coefficient on steel as well as in the wear rate are observed for all Al-DLC coatings, and, concerning the friction coefficient, the lowest value is measured at 0.04 as compared to 0.07 for the undoped DLC.

scholarly journals Investigation of changes in the properties of diamond-like films under friction by the XPS method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052038
Author(s):  
A V Sidashov ◽  
M V Boiko ◽  
E I Luneva ◽  
A M Popov
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Energy Position ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Electron Line ◽  
Antifriction Properties

Abstract The combination of unique physicochemical, mechanical and tribological properties of diamond-like coatings determines the prospects for their use in critical friction units, including those operating in a rarefied atmosphere and vacuum. The properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings depend on the contribution of the sp2 and sp3 fractions of the carbon hybrid atomic electron orbitals. Modern methods of determining the graphite and diamond proportion in coatings are time-consuming and insufficiently accurate. In addition, the determination of the sp3/sp2 ratio is often difficult due to the displacement of the energy position of the C1s electron line. In this paper, the change in the chemical state of carbon over the thickness of a diamond-like coating is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis of the carbon line fine structure of the differential graphite spectra (sp2 bonds) and diamond (sp3 bonds) allowed us to establish the parameter δ, which determines the ratio of the graphite and diamond components in the DLC coating. Profiling with Ar+ ions of the diamondlike coating surface showed that with an increase in the etching time, the proportion of amorphized carbon increases, which means that the antifriction properties increase with the abrasion of the coating. The obtained regularities allow us to predict changes in the tribological properties of DLC coatings during operation. Ion profiling also allows to determine the thickness of coatings with high accuracy.

scholarly journals DLC Films Deposited by the DC PACVD Method

10.14311/398 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Palamarchuk ◽  
M. Zoriy ◽  
J. Gurovič ◽  
F. Černý ◽  
S. Konvičková ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vapour Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Deposition Method ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Poor Adhesion ◽  
Chemical Vapour Deposition Method

DLC (Diamond-Like Carbon) coatings have been suggested as protective surface layers against wear. However hard DLC coatings, especially those of greater thickness, have poor adhesion to substrates. We have used several ways to increase the adhesion of DLC coatings prepared by the PACVD (Plasma Assisted Chemical Vapour Deposition) method on steel substrates. One of these is the DC PACVD method for preparing DLC films.

scholarly journals A Strategy for Alleviating Micro Arcing during HiPIMS Deposition of DLC Coatings

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Catalin Vitelaru ◽  
Anca Constantina Parau ◽  
Lidia Ruxandra Constantin ◽  
Adrian Emil Kiss ◽  
Alina Vladescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Process Stability ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Self Bias ◽  
Nanoindentation Hardness ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Deposition Conditions

In this work, we investigate the use of high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) for the deposition of micrometer thick diamond like carbon (DLC) coatings on Si and steel substrates. The adhesion on both types of substrates is ensured with a simple Ti interlayer, while the energy of impinging ions is adjusted by using RF (Radio Frequency) biasing on the substrate at −100 V DC self-bias. Addition of acetylene to the working Ar+Ne atmosphere is investigated as an alternative to Ar sputtering, to improve process stability and coatings quality. Peak current is maintained constant, providing reliable comparison between different deposition conditions used in this study. The main advantages of adding acetylene to the Ar+Ne gas mixture are an increase of deposition rate by a factor of 2, when comparing to the Ar+Ne process. Moreover, a decrease of the number of surface defects, from ~40% surface defects coverage to ~1% is obtained, due to reduced arcing. The mechanical and tribological properties of the deposited DLC films remain comparable for all investigated gas compositions. Nanoindentation hardness of all coatings is in the range of 25 to 30 GPa, friction coefficient is between 0.05 and 0.1 and wear rate is in the range of 0.47 to 0.77 × 10−6 mm3 N−1m−1.

Correlation between Tribological Properties, sp²/sp³-Ratio and H-Content of Low-Wear Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Layers

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2596-2601
Author(s):  
E. Vogli ◽  
Fabian Hoffmann ◽  
E. Bartis ◽  
G. S. Oehrlein ◽  
Wolfgang Tillmann
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Low Wear ◽  
Ball On Disc

It has been established that hardness and density of diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers can be raised by increasing ion energy during deposition, decreasing H-content and by increasing sp3-fraction. To confirm differences in hydrogen content of hydrogen containing and hydrogen free DLC films deposited at different bias voltages, layers were etched in oxygen atmosphere in a capacitively coupled plasma device. By employing real-time ellipsometry measurements, the H-content of the hydrogen containing a-C:H layers were estimated by determining the optical constants n and k (n-real part and k-imaginary part of the refractive index). In addition, DLC layers were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to estimate the ratio of sp²- and sp³-hybridization. The mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings were evaluated by means of nanoindentation and ball-on-disc-tests. Finally correlations between these properties, H-content and sp3/sp2-ratio were obtained in an effort to explain different tribological behaviors of DLC-layers.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nano-Mechanical and- Tribological Properties of Hydrogenated Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) Coatings

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-R. Jeng ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
K-T. Wu ◽  
A. Erdemir ◽  
O. Eryilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

AbstractHydrogenated diamond like Carbon (H-DLC) is a promising lubricious coating that attracted a great deal of interest in recent years mainly because of its outstanding tribological properties. In this study, the nano-mechanical and -tribological properties of a range of H-DLC films were investigated. Specifically, four kinds of H-DLC coatings were produced on Si substrates in pure acetylene, pure methane, 25% methane + 75% hydrogen, 50% methane + 50% hydrogen discharge plasmas using a plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) system. Nano indentation was performed to measure the mechanical properties such as hardness and young's modulus and nanoscartching was performed to investigate the frictional behavior and wear mechanism of the H-DLC samples in open air. Moreover, Vickers indentation method was utilized to assess the fracture toughness of the samples. The results revealed that there is a strong correlation between the mechanical properties (hardness, young's modulus, fracture toughness) and the friction coefficient of DLC coatings and the source gas chemistry. Lower hydrogen to carbon ratio in source gas leads to higher hardness, young's modulus, fracture toughness and lower friction coefficient. Furthermore, lower wear volume of the coated materials was observed when the friction coefficient was lower. It was also confirmed that lower hydrogen content of the DLC coating leads to higher wear resistance under nanoscratch conditions.

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