scholarly journals Investigation of changes in the properties of diamond-like films under friction by the XPS method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2131 (5) ◽  
pp. 052038
Author(s):  
A V Sidashov ◽  
M V Boiko ◽  
E I Luneva ◽  
A M Popov
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Energy Position ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Electron Line ◽  
Antifriction Properties

Abstract The combination of unique physicochemical, mechanical and tribological properties of diamond-like coatings determines the prospects for their use in critical friction units, including those operating in a rarefied atmosphere and vacuum. The properties of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings depend on the contribution of the sp2 and sp3 fractions of the carbon hybrid atomic electron orbitals. Modern methods of determining the graphite and diamond proportion in coatings are time-consuming and insufficiently accurate. In addition, the determination of the sp3/sp2 ratio is often difficult due to the displacement of the energy position of the C1s electron line. In this paper, the change in the chemical state of carbon over the thickness of a diamond-like coating is studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Analysis of the carbon line fine structure of the differential graphite spectra (sp2 bonds) and diamond (sp3 bonds) allowed us to establish the parameter δ, which determines the ratio of the graphite and diamond components in the DLC coating. Profiling with Ar+ ions of the diamondlike coating surface showed that with an increase in the etching time, the proportion of amorphized carbon increases, which means that the antifriction properties increase with the abrasion of the coating. The obtained regularities allow us to predict changes in the tribological properties of DLC coatings during operation. Ion profiling also allows to determine the thickness of coatings with high accuracy.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of DLC Nanocoated Aluminium 5051 Using RF Sputtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
L. Natrayan ◽  
Anjibabu Merneedi ◽  
Dhinakaran Veeman ◽  
S. Kaliappan ◽  
P. Satyanarayana Raju ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rf Sputtering ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Deposition Mechanism ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Sputtering Deposition ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Automotive Engines ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Insight Into

The diamond-like carbon- (DLC-) coating technique is used in the sliding parts of automotive engines, among other applications, to reduce friction and wear. In this work, DLC has been coated on the Aluminium 5051 sample to assess the mechanical and tribological properties. A sputtering deposition mechanism is used, and the DLC is coated using a graphite target. The developed DLC coatings are tested for adhesion strength, hardness, chemical composition using XRD, and wear behaviour. The developed DLC thin films have considerably increased the wear behaviour of the Aluminium 5051 sample and have fulfilled the objective of this study. The XRD data indicated the presence of amorphous carbon in the coating with a threefold increase to the hardness of the naked aluminium. This study provides insight into improving the aluminium wear resistance by developing a considerably hard coating.

Tribological Properties of Ti-Doped Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Under Boundary Lubrication With ZDDP

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Yang Wang ◽  
Jia-jie Kang ◽  
Guozheng Ma ◽  
Lina Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Carbon Coatings ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Cathodic Arc Deposition ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Cathodic Arc ◽  
Ti Content

Abstract Diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings containing 0.7%, 5.8% and 23.3% Ti were deposited via pulsed cathodic arc deposition and magnetron sputtering on AISI 316L stainless steel substrates. The varied Ti content was controlled by setting Ti target current at 3, 5 and 7A. The composition, microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of Ti-doped DLC (Ti-DLC) coatings were investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, nanoindentation and ball-on-disc tribometer. The results show that TiC formed when Ti content in the coating was higher than 5.8% and the ID/IG ratios increased gradually with the increasing Ti content. Ti-DLC with 0.7 Ti had the highest H/E and H3/E2 ratios and exhibited optimal tribological properties under lubrication, especially when ZDDP was contained in the oil. Furthermore, ZDDP tribofilms played an important role in wear reduction by protecting the rubbing surfaces against adhesion and suppressing the tribo-induced graphitization of DLC coatings.

scholarly journals Tribological properties of boron carbonitride coatings sliding against different wood (acerbic, beech, and lauan) balls

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 096369351987573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Wu ◽  
Sihao Li ◽  
Zhaojun Xu ◽  
Qianzhi Wang ◽  
Fei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Bias Voltage ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Substrate Bias ◽  
Boron Carbonitride ◽  
Friction Behavior ◽  
Substrate Bias Voltage ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
C And N

Boron carbonitride (BCN) coatings were prepared using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering via adjusting substrate bias voltage from −50 V to −200 V. The mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings were investigated. The coexistence of B–N, B–C, and N–C bonds was detected in coatings according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, indicating the formation of ternary BCN hybridization. The hardness of BCN coatings increased from 14.4 GPa to 24.3 GPa with an increase of substrate bias voltage, while their adhesion strength on substrate decreased. The friction behavior of BCN coatings sliding against different wood (acerbic, beech, and lauan) balls was examined using a ball-on-disk tribometer. The average friction coefficient fluctuated in a range of 0.74–1.02. The wear track of BCN coating sliding against hardwood (acerbic) presented obvious scratches, which were not noted as sliding against other softwood balls in comparison.

Remarkable enhancement of mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide 46/polyphenylene oxide alloy by polyurethane-coated carbon fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1122-1131
Author(s):  
Jincheng Ran ◽  
Xuejun Lai ◽  
Hongqiang Li ◽  
Xingrong Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction Process ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Laser Raman ◽  
Polyphenylene Oxide ◽  
Lubricating Layer ◽  
Coated Carbon

How to significantly improve the mechanical and tribological properties of polyamide 46/polyphenylene oxide (PA46/PPO) alloy is an urgent but challenging issue. The PA46/PPO alloy reinforced with polyurethane-coated carbon fiber (PCF) was prepared and characterized. It was found that the mechanical properties, heat resistance, and tribological properties of PA46/PPO were greatly enhanced by incorporating PCF. When the composite containing 40 wt% of PCF, the tensile strength of the composite increased from 82 MPa to 282 MPa; meanwhile, volumetric wear was 0.56 mm3, which decreased by 95% in comparison with PA46/PPO. Scanning electron microscopy results showed that PCF had a good compatibility with the polymer matrix, due to good interfacial interaction between the PCF and the PA46/PPO. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy and laser Raman spectroscopy results further revealed that more graphitic carbon was microcracked to form a lubricating layer during friction process, thus remarkably improving the wear resistance of PA46/PPO.

AN ANALYSYS OF WEAR AND MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-MANGANESE CAST STEEL HARDENED BY DIFFERENT METHODS

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 280 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Dagmara TRYBA ◽  
Marcin KOT ◽  
Anna ANTOSZ
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Base Material ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Dynamic Impact ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Alternative Method

Properties of high manganese austenitic cast steel are not satisfactory; therefore, this material should be hardened. Currently, the commonly used method of hardening does not allow eliminating problems related to premature wear of railway frogs. Therefore, many studies have been carried out to find an alternative method to obtain improved wear resistance of such elements. The article presents an analysis of the mechanical and tribological properties of base and hardened, by different methods, high-manganese cast steel applied for turnouts. Tests were performed for three hardening methods: explosive, pressure-rolling, and dynamic impact. The results were compared with the properties of base material after saturation treatment. The conducted tests allowed the determination of hardness profiles of hardened surfaces, as well as the wear resistance and coefficient of friction, and the obtained results are very promising. Hardening by dynamic impact provided much better results in relation to presently used explosive hardening technology.

Tribological Properties of DLC Coating with Various Zr Target Current

2017 ◽  
Vol 739 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Wen Hsien Kao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Wear Depth ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dlc Coating ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron ◽  
G Ratio

The main purpose of this study is to research the tribological properties and mechanical properties of diamond-like carbon coating (DLC) used unbalanced magnetron sputtering system (UBMS). The objective is influence of various Zr target current on the properties of coatings, current from 0.0 A to 0.5 A. The cross-section morphology was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). With the increase of the Zirconium targets current, the quantity contained of the Zirconium increases. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to analyze the microstructure properties of the coatings. The nanoindentation tester was used to measure the mechanical properties. Furthermore, the wear tests were achieved through the Schwingung Reibung and Verschliess (SRV) reciprocating wear tester under dry condition. The DLC coating was deposited used 0.4 A Zr target current possessed the lowest I(D)/I(G) ratio, the highest sp3 content and highest hardness. The DLC coating (0.4A) also displayed excellent tibological properties including the lowest friction coefficient, and wear depth.

Correlation between Tribological Properties, sp²/sp³-Ratio and H-Content of Low-Wear Diamond-Like Carbon (DLC) Layers

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 2596-2601
Author(s):  
E. Vogli ◽  
Fabian Hoffmann ◽  
E. Bartis ◽  
G. S. Oehrlein ◽  
Wolfgang Tillmann
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Ion Energy ◽  
Capacitively Coupled ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Plasma Device ◽  
Low Wear ◽  
Ball On Disc

It has been established that hardness and density of diamond-like carbon (DLC) layers can be raised by increasing ion energy during deposition, decreasing H-content and by increasing sp3-fraction. To confirm differences in hydrogen content of hydrogen containing and hydrogen free DLC films deposited at different bias voltages, layers were etched in oxygen atmosphere in a capacitively coupled plasma device. By employing real-time ellipsometry measurements, the H-content of the hydrogen containing a-C:H layers were estimated by determining the optical constants n and k (n-real part and k-imaginary part of the refractive index). In addition, DLC layers were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to estimate the ratio of sp²- and sp³-hybridization. The mechanical and tribological properties of the coatings were evaluated by means of nanoindentation and ball-on-disc-tests. Finally correlations between these properties, H-content and sp3/sp2-ratio were obtained in an effort to explain different tribological behaviors of DLC-layers.

scholarly journals Investigation of Nano-Mechanical and- Tribological Properties of Hydrogenated Diamond Like Carbon (DLC) Coatings

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 769-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-R. Jeng ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
K-T. Wu ◽  
A. Erdemir ◽  
O. Eryilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Chemical Vapour ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties

AbstractHydrogenated diamond like Carbon (H-DLC) is a promising lubricious coating that attracted a great deal of interest in recent years mainly because of its outstanding tribological properties. In this study, the nano-mechanical and -tribological properties of a range of H-DLC films were investigated. Specifically, four kinds of H-DLC coatings were produced on Si substrates in pure acetylene, pure methane, 25% methane + 75% hydrogen, 50% methane + 50% hydrogen discharge plasmas using a plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition (PECVD) system. Nano indentation was performed to measure the mechanical properties such as hardness and young's modulus and nanoscartching was performed to investigate the frictional behavior and wear mechanism of the H-DLC samples in open air. Moreover, Vickers indentation method was utilized to assess the fracture toughness of the samples. The results revealed that there is a strong correlation between the mechanical properties (hardness, young's modulus, fracture toughness) and the friction coefficient of DLC coatings and the source gas chemistry. Lower hydrogen to carbon ratio in source gas leads to higher hardness, young's modulus, fracture toughness and lower friction coefficient. Furthermore, lower wear volume of the coated materials was observed when the friction coefficient was lower. It was also confirmed that lower hydrogen content of the DLC coating leads to higher wear resistance under nanoscratch conditions.

Microstructure And Wear Resistance Of Doped Diamondlike Carbon Prepared By Pulsed Laser Deposition

1997 ◽  
Vol 505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wei ◽  
R. J. Narayan ◽  
A. K. Sharma ◽  
S. Oktyabrsky ◽  
J. Sankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Peak Position ◽  
Raman Shift ◽  
Dlc Coatings ◽  
Diamondlike Carbon ◽  
Metal Doped

ABSTRACTWe have investigated the microstructure and tribological properties (wear resistance) of diamondlike carbon (DLC), DLC doped with Cu and DLC doped with Ti deposited by a sequential pulsed laser ablation of two targets onto Si(100) substrates. The composition of these films was determined by Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS). Raman spectroscopy and detailed analysis of the electron diffraction pattern of the films showed typical features of DLC with a structure dominated by sp3 bonded carbon. Wear resistance measurements made on these samples by means of the “crater grinding method” showed that DLC + 2.75%Ti has the highest wear resistance, while that of undoped DLC has the lowest among the samples. The improvement of wear behavior of the doped films was attributed to the reduction of internal compressive stress due to the presence of more compliant atoms, as indicated by the G-peak position shift to smaller Raman shift. The XPS studies showed the evidence for the formation of Ti- C bonding in the Ti doped films. Thus we expect metal-doped DLC coatings can have better tribological properties than the undoped, highly stressed DLC coatings.

scholarly journals Determination of Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Silicone-Based Composites Filled with Manganese Waste

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 4459
Author(s):  
Maciej Mrówka ◽  
Anna Woźniak ◽  
Jerzy Nowak ◽  
Gabriel Wróbel ◽  
Sebastian Sławski
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Industrial Processes ◽  
Gravity Casting ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Silicone Matrix ◽  
Ball On Disc

High-tonnage industrial processes generate high amount of waste. This is a growing problem in the whole world. Neutralizing such waste can be time consuming and costly. One of the possibilities of their reuse is to use them as fillers in polymer composites. Introduction of the filler in polymer matrix causes change in its mechanical and tribological properties. In the article, the effect of introducing fillers from post-production waste, and its effect on changing the physical properties of silicone-based composites filled with manganese (II) oxide and waste manganese residue was investigated. The composites were made by gravity casting. Composites with 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt% of the fillers were examined. The composite materials were subjected to tests such as: density, hardness, resilience, tensile test, abrasion resistance, and ball-on-disc. Microscopic images showed that, the particles of the fillers are uniformly distributed in silicone matrix with the formation of smaller agglomerates. Such agglomerates introduced a discontinuity in the structure of the polymer material, which caused a decrease in the tensile strength and elongation at break for all tested compositions in comparison with the mechanical properties of the silicone used as the matrix. However, it was found that all silicone-based composites filled with manganese (II) oxide and manganese residue showed a reduction in abrasive wear, compared to the reference sample.

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