Design and Performance Features of the Marine LM1600 Gas Turbine

1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thames ◽  
H. B. Stueber ◽  
C. T. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Modular Construction ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Commercial Installation ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
Marine Propulsion System

The GE LM1600 gas turbine is a lightweight, efficient prime mover for commercial and military marine applications. This gas turbine is a derivative of the F404 fighter jet engine whose mission objectives strongly emphasize reliability and ease of maintenance in an austere marine environment. These objectives were important to the U.S. Navy because the F/A-18 fighter jets powered by this engine are based on aircraft carriers where parts warehousing and maintenance capabilities are limited. To achieve these objectives, component designs were simplified and the total number of components was substantially reduced. These features and its modular construction make the LM1600 attractive for marine applications. Numerous marine propulsion system configurations are possible, including various combinations with diesel engines and steam gas turbines as well as options for shaft or electric drive. The first commercial installation of the marine LM1600 gas turbine is in progress and sea trials will commence in late 1990. This paper describes the design, performance, installation, and maintenance features of the marine LM1600 gas turbine.

scholarly journals Evaluation of gas fuel and biofuel usage in turbine

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1097
Author(s):  
Dalya H. Al-Mamoori ◽  
Mohanad H. Aljanabi ◽  
Ali Assim Alobaidi ◽  
Omar Muhammed Neda ◽  
Zaid H. Al-Tameemi
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Gas Fuel ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Transient And Steady State

<p>Modern gas turbines are a significant source for power generation and prime mover for marine propulsion. The depleting fossil fuel sources have provided a cue for broader implementation and usage of renewable energy. Biofuel has been touted as a substitute for natural gas to power gas turbines. To confirm the dependability and reliability of this attempt in a complex multi-domain system, for example, the gas turbine, the fuel system of the micro-gas turbine is designed and modelled using MATLAB Simulink. The model; simulates the; transient and steady state of a gas turbine’s nominal functional situations. Evaluations between the field data and; simulation outcomes validate a high degree of correspondence. The fuel system in the micro;-gas turbine simulation model is also optimized with the experimental data. </p>

Application and Experience of the SSS (Synchro-Self-Shifting) Clutch for High Speed Gas Turbine Marine Propulsion Systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan L. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Propulsion Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
History Of ◽  
System Configurations ◽  
Design Challenges

Synchro-Self-Shifting (SSS) Overrunning Clutches are used in a myriad of propulsion system configurations for naval and commercial vessels powered by gas turbines and/or combined gas turbine and cruise engines worldwide. Of these, much has been written about high power gas turbine propulsion clutches for large naval vessels (frigates, destroyers, cruisers, etc.), whereas less has been published about the application and experience of the propulsion machinery with Synchro-Self-Shifting Clutches for hydrofoils, hovercraft, fast patrol boats, fast ferries, yachts, etc. Space, weight, and high-speed constraints can be different for high speed gas turbine propulsion systems used in these smaller types of vessels, and can therefore provide gearing challenges, including system design challenges for these clutches. A comparison between Synchro-Self-Shifting overrunning clutches and other types of freewheels will be given discussing the advantages and disadvantages of each, particularly as they relate to high speed gas turbine marine propulsion applications. Lastly, this paper will give some history of a number of high speed gas turbine driven marine propulsion applications with clutches from the early 1960’s until the present, describe various gearing arrangements that were used in particular vessels, articulate where these clutches are incorporated, and discuss the application experience of these clutch installations.

scholarly journals Coal-Fired Gas Turbines for Marine Propulsion Applications

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simion C. Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Burning Coal ◽  
System Configurations

This paper discusses the prospects of using coal as the primary source of energy to power gas turbines for marine propulsion applications. The problems associated with burning coal for generating power are reviewed in terms of their inherent limitations, environmental effects, compatibility with turbomachinery combusters, and economic considerations. Various forms of coal-based heat sources and their applicable combuster system configurations are identified. Integration of these fuel/combustor combinations with different gas turbine cycles yields a number of possible coal-fired gas turbine systems. A comparison of these candidate systems with marine propulsion system requirements resulted in the selection of a COGAS system burning coal-oil slurry. Candidate COGAS system configurations are presented, and the overall propulsion engine performance is defined. A baseline coal-oil fired marine COGAS propulsion system was selected, and its performance characteristics were estimated, taking into account the exhaust gas flow effect on the waste-heat steam generator. The payload capabilities and endurance limitations for a coal-fired COGAS ship are presented and compared with those of a conventional oil-fired ship to show the possible fuel cost savings.

Marine Gas Turbine Propulsion System Applications

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Bricknell
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Fuel Type ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
System Selection ◽  
Type Fuel

Within the marine world gas turbines operate in niche ship types only, but why is this? This paper considers the ship types that have adopted marine gas turbines and the ship characteristics that determine the choice of the propulsion system and prime mover type. Ship determined characteristics include; speed, power density, general arrangements, operating profile, fuel type, fuel consumption, maintenance opportunity, manpower and others. Gas turbine characteristics derived from their parentage — either aero or industrial — influence the characteristics available from the marine gas turbine. Historical marine applications are reviewed and new marine applications, influenced by developments with new marine gas turbines are considered both in the developed but evolving naval markets and within the growing but focused commercial marine sector. Propulsion system selection is also influenced by the prevailing and emerging propulsion system technologies, particularly with transmission systems which influence the choice of the prime mover, their number and specific power, and their disposition in the ship.

Report on 9000 Hr Operation of Marine Propulsion Gas Turbine in the John Sergeant

1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. D. McLean ◽  
C. C. Tangerini ◽  
W. H. van Cott
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Favorable Condition ◽  
Performance Information ◽  
Detailed Report ◽  
Design Improvement ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Marine Applications

The purpose of this paper is to continue the dissemination of operating and performance information, and evaluation of the gas turbine in the converted Liberty ship, John Sergeant. A detailed report is made on the inspection of gas-turbine parts, and the favorable condition shown. Design improvement suggestions for a new ship are evaluated and recommendations made for future marine applications.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Thermodynamic Analysis of the Humphrey Cycle for Gas Turbines with Pressure Gain Combustion

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Stathopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Ideal Gas ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Pressure Gain Combustion ◽  
Combustion Technology ◽  
Secondary Air ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Conventional gas turbines are approaching their efficiency limits and performance gains are becoming increasingly difficult to achieve. Pressure Gain Combustion (PGC) has emerged as a very promising technology in this respect, due to the higher thermal efficiency of the respective ideal gas turbine thermodynamic cycles. Up to date, only very simplified models of open cycle gas turbines with pressure gain combustion have been considered. However, the integration of a fundamentally different combustion technology will be inherently connected with additional losses. Entropy generation in the combustion process, combustor inlet pressure loss (a central issue for pressure gain combustors), and the impact of PGC on the secondary air system (especially blade cooling) are all very important parameters that have been neglected. The current work uses the Humphrey cycle in an attempt to address all these issues in order to provide gas turbine component designers with benchmark efficiency values for individual components of gas turbines with PGC. The analysis concludes with some recommendations for the best strategy to integrate turbine expanders with PGC combustors. This is done from a purely thermodynamic point of view, again with the goal to deliver design benchmark values for a more realistic interpretation of the cycle.

scholarly journals Metamodels of a gas turbine powered marine propulsion system for simulation and diagnostic purposes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Campora ◽  
M. Capelli ◽  
C. Cravero ◽  
R. Zaccone
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Propulsion System ◽  
Direct Simulation ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Simulation Code ◽  
Marine Propulsion ◽  
Performance Reduction ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Marine Propulsion System

The paper presents the application of artificial neural network for simulation and diagnostic purposes applied to a gas turbine powered marine propulsion plant. A simulation code for the propulsion system, developed by the authors, has been extended to take into account components degradation or malfunctioning with the addition of performance reduction coefficients. The above coefficients become input variables to the analysis method and define the system status at a given operating point. The simulator is used to generate databases needed to perform a variable selection analysis and to tune response surfaces for both direct (simulation) and inverse (diagnostic) purposes. The application of the methodology to the propulsion system of an existing frigate version demonstrate the potential of the approach.

Marine Gas Turbine Performance Model for More Electric Ships

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Koutsothanasis ◽  
Anestis I. Kalfas ◽  
Georgios Doulgeris
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Creep Life ◽  
Hull Fouling ◽  
Turbine Performance

This paper presents the benefits of the more electric vessels powered by hybrid engines and investigates the suitability of a particular prime-mover for a specific ship type using a simulation environment which can approach the actual operating conditions. The performance of a mega yacht (70m), powered by two 4.5MW recuperated gas turbines is examined in different voyage scenarios. The analysis is accomplished for a variety of weather and hull fouling conditions using a marine gas turbine performance software which is constituted by six modules based on analytical methods. In the present study, the marine simulation model is used to predict the fuel consumption and emission levels for various conditions of sea state, ambient and sea temperatures and hull fouling profiles. In addition, using the aforementioned parameters, the variation of engine and propeller efficiency can be estimated. Finally, the software is coupled to a creep life prediction tool, able to calculate the consumption of creep life of the high pressure turbine blading for the predefined missions. The results of the performance analysis show that a mega yacht powered by gas turbines can have comparable fuel consumption with the same vessel powered by high speed Diesel engines in the range of 10MW. In such Integrated Full Electric Propulsion (IFEP) environment the gas turbine provides a comprehensive candidate as a prime mover, mainly due to its compactness being highly valued in such application and its eco-friendly operation. The simulation of different voyage cases shows that cleaning the hull of the vessel, the fuel consumption reduces up to 16%. The benefit of the clean hull becomes even greater when adverse weather condition is considered. Additionally, the specific mega yacht when powered by two 4.2MW Diesel engines has a cruising speed of 15 knots with an average fuel consumption of 10.5 [tonne/day]. The same ship powered by two 4.5MW gas turbines has a cruising speed of 22 knots which means that a journey can be completed 31.8% faster, which reduces impressively the total steaming time. However the gas turbine powered yacht consumes 9 [tonne/day] more fuel. Considering the above, Gas Turbine looks to be the only solution which fulfills the next generation sophisticated high powered ship engine requirements.

scholarly journals Gas Turbines for the Chemical Industry

1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stanley Stys
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Design Construction

Application of the gas turbine in nitric-acid plants appears attractive. Several of these units have been installed recently in this country and performance and operating experience already have been gained. Design, construction, and layout of “package” units for this particular process are described.

Bearing Housing Design for Vibration Control, Using Tilting Pad Bearings Instead of Lemon-Bore Type on a Gas Turbine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chippa Anil ◽  
Aparna Satheesh ◽  
Babu Santhanagopalakrishnan ◽  
Marcin Bielecki
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Plane Surface ◽  
Rotor Dynamics ◽  
Turbine Rotor ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Tilting Pad ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Heavy duty gas turbines are usually equipped with hydrodynamic bearings which are either lemon-bore or tilting pad type. Baker Hughes legacy gas turbines use these two types of bearings, and its selection is based on 1) considering pros & cons from Rotor dynamics, 2) bearing performance, 3) bearing housing stiffness, 4) vibration detection & control. Non-contact probes are used to monitor the vibrations of rotor. Majority of legacy gas turbines are not equipped with these probes. Due to this fact, over the years it resulted in non-detection of dynamics & vibration issue, which caused frequent bearing replacement. As the increase in industry demand to apply and measure vibrations using non-contact probes on bearings, an effort was made by Baker Hughes to implement these on existing fleet units. Also, in order to increase rotor dynamics stability of low-pressure rotor, to improve bearing life and performance, effort was made to replace lemon-bore bearings with tilting pad. This paper demonstrates efforts made to design the titling pad which would fit within envelop of already available bearing housing. Bearing/shaft clearance, bearing performance, modification of bearing retainer clearances are the mandatory tasks which would be dealt in this study. The swap of bearing type, and its effect on whole gas turbine rotor dynamic stability, checking the frequency crossovers with Campbell diagram would also be dealt in this paper. This paper also focuses on assessment on oil passage routing, temperature & proximity probe instrumentation routing design. Re-design is performed by analyzing various configuration, assessing different sensitivity studies & validation of modified bearing housing from structural integrity, ultimate load capability, & split plane oil leakage retention and its comparison with baseline are most important aspects of finalization of this change, which will be showcased in this paper. Instrumentation routing was a critical task when the considering bearing replacement from lemon-bore to tilting pad. As lemon-bore type bearings just have an elliptical inner surface, it’s quite easy to install the thermocouples into a simple hole. But as replacement has tilting pads, the challenge is to instrument the pads without effecting their movement and functionality. Such best practices are also dealt in this paper. Comparison of tilting-pad with lemon-bore, considering the fixed shaft diameter, the retainer outer diameter of tilting pad is higher than lemon-bore. This effect has a change in bearing seat on bearing housing, thereby reducing the effective stiffness of the housing, and the reduced split plane surface. To tackle this situation, several sensitivities were executed, by re-modifying the bolts and bolt holes on the existing housing, without modifying the housing envelop.

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