Experimental Investigation of the Forces in a Link Side Plate During Normal Operation of a Roller Chain Drive

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Conwell ◽  
Glen E. Johnson ◽  
S. W. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Linear Chain ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Side Plate ◽  
Inertia Effects ◽  
Roller Chain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The fluctuation in the tension of a chain link during normal operation is very likely the root cause of chain stretch and fatigue in roller chain drives. In this paper we present the results from a recent experimental investigation of this tension variation phenomenon. The experimental procedure is described, and data are presented for a wide range of initial tensions, transmitted loads, and chain speeds. At low speeds, the data give reasonable agreement with previously published theoretical models for quasi-static load distribution. However, at higher speeds (where inertia effects are more significant) the experimental results indicate that quasi-static models do not provide an adequate explanation. The differences are noted and discussed. An empirical equation for “tight side” chain tension is presented in terms of torque transmitted, sprocket pitch radius, mass per unit length of chain, and linear chain speed. This paper is accompanied by companion papers that describe the design and construction of the test machine and the measurement of the impact force as a roller seats on the sprocket.

Design and Construction of a Machine to Evaluate the Forces in Roller Chain Drives

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Conwell ◽  
Glen E. Johnson ◽  
S. W. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Chain Drive ◽  
Roller Chain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Chain Drives ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract In this article, a brief history of chain drives is presented, and the design and construction of a machine to investigate chain drive force phenomena is discussed. The new test machine allows the measurement of the impact force between a roller and the sprocket during “seating” and it can also be used to measure the forces that exist in the link sides plates during normal operation (including start-up and shut down conditions). Data can be obtained for a wide range of chain loads and speeds. Two companion papers (“Experimental Investigation of the Impact Force that Occurs When a Roller Seats on the Sprocket During Normal Operation of a Roller Chain Drive” and “Experimental Investigation of the Forces in a Link Side Plate During Normal Operation of a Roller Chain Drive”, both presented at this conference) describe experiments that have been completed with this test machine.

Experimental Investigation of the Impact Force That Occurs When a Roller Seats on the Sprocket During Normal Operation of a Roller Chain Drive

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Conwell ◽  
Glen E. Johnson ◽  
S. W. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Effective Mass ◽  
Relative Velocity ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Empirical Relation ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Practical Concern ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As a roller “seats” onto a sprocket, an impact force occurs between these two elements due to the relative velocity between the roller and the sprocket tooth recess. This impact force is of interest because it can be related to chain noise, vibration, wear, and other phenomena of practical concern in the performance of chain drives. The magnitude of the impact force is equal to the product of the effective mass, the relative velocity, and the reciprocal of the time associated with the impact event. Unfortunately, it is difficult to estimate the effective mass, relative velocity, and appropriate impact time in order to estimate the impact force. In this paper we present the results from a recent experimental investigation of this impact force. The experimental procedure is described, and data are presented for a wide range of initial tensions, transmitted loads, and chain speeds. As might be expected, impact force increases rapidly with increases in chain speed. An empirical relation for impact force as a function of chain speed and chain tension is presented and general observations about the data are presented and discussed.

Experimental investigation of isothermal and reacting flow characteristics downstream of axisymmetric bluff body stabilizers under stratified or fully premixed inlet mixture conditions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Γεώργιος Πατεράκης
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Reacting Flow ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Features ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Stratified Flames

The current work describes an experimental investigation of isothermal and turbulent reacting flow field characteristics downstream of axisymmetric bluff body stabilizers under a variety of inlet mixture conditions. Fully premixed and stratified flames established downstream of this double cavity premixer/burner configuration were measured and assessed under lean and ultra-lean operating conditions. The aim of this thesis was to further comprehend the impact of stratifying the inlet fuelair mixture on the reacting wake characteristics for a range of practical stabilizers under a variety of inlet fuel-air settings. In the first part of this thesis, the isothermal mean and turbulent flow features downstream of a variety of axisymmetric baffles was initially examined. The effect of different shapes, (cone or disk), blockage ratios, (0.23 and 0.48), and rim thicknesses of these baffles was assessed. The variations of the recirculation zones, back flow velocity magnitude, annular jet ejection angles, wake development, entrainment efficiency, as well as several turbulent flow features were obtained, evaluated and appraised. Next, a comparative examination of the counterpart turbulent cold fuel-air mixing performance and characteristics of stratified against fully-premixed operation was performed for a wide range of baffle geometries and inlet mixture conditions. Scalar mixing and entrainment properties were investigated at the exit plane, at the bluff body annular shear layer, at the reattachment region and along the developing wake were investigated. These isothermal studies provided the necessary background information for clarifying the combustion properties and interpreting the trends in the counterpart turbulent reacting fields. Subsequently, for selected bluff bodies, flame structures and behavior for operation with a variety of reacting conditions were demonstrated. The effect of inlet fuel-air mixture settings, fuel type and bluff body geometry on wake development, flame shape, anchoring and structure, temperatures and combustion efficiencies, over lean and close to blow-off conditions, was presented and analyzed. For the obtained measurements infrared radiation, particle image velocimetry, laser doppler velocimetry, chemiluminescence imaging set-ups, together with Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy, thermocouples and global emission analyzer instrumentation was employed. This helped to delineate a number of factors that affectcold flow fuel-air mixing, flame anchoring topologies, wake structure development and overall burner performance. The presented data will also significantly assist the validation of computational methodologies for combusting flows and the development of turbulence-chemistry interaction models.

scholarly journals Design of Bionic Buffering and Vibration Reduction Foot for Legged Robots

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Qian Cong ◽  
Xiaojie Shi ◽  
Ju Wang ◽  
Yu Xiong ◽  
Bo Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impact Energy ◽  
Vibration Reduction ◽  
Legged Robots ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Natural Vibration Frequency ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Legged Robot ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Shape ◽  
The Impact

When legged robots walk on rugged roads, they would suffer from strong impact from the ground. The impact would cause the legged robots to vibrate, which would affect their normal operation. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to absorb impact energy and reduce vibration. As an important part of a goat’s foot, the hoof capsule can effectively buffer the impact from the ground in the goat’s running and jumping. The structure of the hoof capsules and its principle of buffering and vibration reduction were studied. Inspired by the unique shape and internal structure of the hoof capsules, a bionic foot was designed. Experimental results displayed that the bionic foot could effectively use friction to consume impact energy and ensured the stability of legged robot walking. In addition, the bionic foot had a lower natural vibration frequency, which was beneficial to a wide range of vibration reduction. This work brings a new solution to the legged robot to deal with the ground impact, which helps it adapt to a variety of complex terrain.

scholarly journals Investigation on the Impact of Degree of Hybridisation for a Fuel Cell Supercapacitor Hybrid Bus with a Fuel Cell Variation Strategy

Vehicles ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Partridge ◽  
Wu ◽  
Bucknall
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Control Strategy ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Double Decker ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hybrid Bus ◽  
Cell Variation ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the development of a control strategy for a fuel cell and supercapacitor hybrid power system for application in a city driving bus. This aims to utilise a stable fuel cell power output during normal operation whilst allowing variations to the power output based on the supercapacitor state-of-charge. This provides flexibility to the operation of the system, protection against over-charge and under-charge of the supercapacitor and gives flexibility to the sizing of the system components. The proposed control strategy has been evaluated using validated Simulink models against real-world operating data collected from a double-decker bus operating in London. It was demonstrated that the control strategy was capable of meeting the operating power demands of the bus and that a wide range of degrees of hybridisation are viable for achieving this. Comparison between the degree of hybridisation proposed in this study and those in operational fuel cell (FC) hybrid buses was carried out. It was found that the FC size requirement and FC variation can be significantly reduced through the use of the degree of hybridisation identified in this study.

An Investigation Into the Optothermal Behavior of a High Power Red Light Emitting Diode: Impact of an Optical Path

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Mete Muslu ◽  
Burak Ozluk ◽  
Mehmet Arik
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Junction Temperature ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Red Led ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Monochromatic light emitting diodes (LEDs) are getting more attention day by day for a very wide range of applications such as general lighting, signage, automotive lighting, display, water purification, and skin imaging. While they are taking place in a large number of applications, thermal challenges associated with the operation of LEDs have become a significant issue to address since their performance is greatly affected by thermal conditions. Thus, this study focuses on identifying thermal, optical, and electrical characteristics of an AlGaInP-based red LED considering the impact of the LED dome on the chip performance. The junction temperature measurement results obtained with forward voltage change method were validated with thermal imaging method (TIM) and computational models. It was observed that the LED dome may critically affect the thermal, optical, and electrical behaviors of the LED chip. In fact, a 3.7% increase in junction temperature and a 6.1% drop in optical conversion efficiency were found at the normal operation of the red LED after the LED dome was removed. The results were also compared with a blue LED, and lower junction temperatures were measured for the red LED at each driving current. The difference in junction temperature became even more noticeable at higher driving currents. Results have shown a good agreement between three different methods with a maximum variation of 6.9%.

Experimental Investigation of the Impact of Dual Time Periods on Crash Hazardous Location Identification

ICCTP 2011 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert Leano ◽  
Wen Cheng ◽  
Xudong Jia ◽  
Lingqi Kong ◽  
Robert Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Location Identification ◽  
The Impact

THE IMPACT OF LEADERSHIP PRACTICES TO TEAM MEMBERS’ SATISFACTION

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalimah .
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Leader Behavior ◽  
Team Leader ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Top Executives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact

eamwork is becoming increasingly important to wide range of operations. It applies to all levels of the company. It is just as important for top executives as it is to middle management, supervisors and shop floor workers. Poor teamwork at any level or between levels can seriously damage organizational effectiveness. The focus of this paper was therefore to examine whether leadership practices consist of team leader behavior, conflict resolution style and openness in communication significantly influenced the team member’s satisfaction in hotel industry. Result indicates that team leader behavior and the conflict resolution style significantly influenced team member satisfaction. It was surprising that openness in communication did not affect significantly to the team members’ satisfaction.

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