Minimum Fuel Consumption and CO Emission and Optimum Speed of the Motorcycle With a CVT

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Mao Huang ◽  
Bi Shyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Optimum Speed ◽  
Product Method ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Co Emission

Abstract The simulated annealing algorithm with the Bessel method for the curve fitting and the tensor product method for the surface fitting was used to transform the discrete experimental data into the form that the method of optimization can use these data directly. The rotational speeds of an engine starting the movement and corresponding the optimum speed of a motorcycle, minimum speed ratio of a CVT, optimum tooth numbers of gears and the gear ratio for the specific engine data were obtained. The rotational speeds of an engine corresponding the beginning and ending of the CVT speed ratio change, the minimum fuel consumption and the CO emission, the optimum design parameters can be determined. The results of the design parameters can be recommended for the CVT with the specific engine.

Minimum Fuel Consumption and CO Emission and Optimum Speed of the Motorcycle with a CVT

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Mao Huang ◽  
Bi Shyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Engine Torque ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Co Emission

The simulated annealing algorithm with the Bessel method for curve fitting and the tensor product method for surface fitting is used to transform engine discrete experimental data into a form that enables these data to be incorporated in the optimization process. Optimum curves of the engine torque versus the engine rotational speed and the engine rotational speed versus the motorcycle speed for the fuel consumption and the carbon monoxide (CO) emission are obtained for a motorcycle with a continuously variable transmission (CVT). The engine rotational speed at which a motorcycle begins to move for the specific engine data is obtained. From design parameters, engine rotational speeds corresponding to the maximum and minimum CVT speed ratio change, the minimum fuel consumption and CO emission, and optimum design variables can be determined.

Optimum Design of the Continuously Variable Transmission for a Motorcycle

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Mao Huang ◽  
Bi Shyang Hu
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Design Variables ◽  
Continuous Variable Transmission ◽  
Product Method ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Further Development

Abstract Many design parameters affect the performance of continuous variable transmissions. This paper presents the optimization of a continuous variable transmission by using the simulated annealing algorithm. The Bessel method of curve fitting and the tensor product method of surface fitting were used to facilitate the discrete fuel consumption, emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and HC compound of experimental engine data. A compromise method was used to analyze the multi-objective functions. The values for design variables are recommended for further development.

Optimization for speed regulation strategy of compound coupled hydro-mechanical transmission

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702098056
Author(s):  
Jin Yu ◽  
Pengfei Shen ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Yurun Song ◽  
Xiaohan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Dynamic Programming Algorithm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Wheel Loaders

Heavy duty vehicles, especially special vehicles, including wheel loaders and sprinklers, generally work with drastic changes in load. With the usage of a conventional hydraulic mechanical transmission, they face with these problems such as low efficiency, high fuel consumption and so forth. Some scholars focus on the research to solve these issues. However, few of them take into optimal strategies the fluctuation of speed ratio change, which can also cause a lot of problems. In this study, a novel speed regulation is proposed which cannot only solve problems above but also overcome impact caused by speed ratio change. Initially, based on the former research of the Compound Coupled Hydro-mechanical Transmission (CCHMT), the basic characteristics of CCHMT are analyzed. Besides, to solve these problems, dynamic programming algorithm is utilized to formulate basic speed regulation strategy under specific operating condition. In order to reduce the problem caused by speed ratio change, a new optimization is applied. The results indicate that the proposed DP optimal speed regulation strategy has better performance on reducing fuel consumption by up to 1.16% and 6.66% in driving cycle JN1015 and in ECE R15 working condition individually, as well as smoothing the fluctuation of speed ratio by up to 12.65% and 19.01% in those two driving cycles respectively. The processes determining the speed regulation strategy can provide a new method to formulate the control strategies of CCHMT under different operating conditions particularlly under real-world conditions.

Parameter Design of Conformal PML Based on 2D Monostatic RCS Optimization

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 726-733
Author(s):  
Yongjie Zhang ◽  
Xiaofeng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Scattering ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Parameter Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Absorption Effect ◽  
Absorbing Boundary ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Annealing Algorithm

In this study, 2D finite element (FE) solving process with the conformal perfectly matched layer (PML) is elucidated to perform the electromagnetic scattering computation. With the 2D monostatic RCS as the optimization objective, a sensitivity analysis of the basic design parameters of conformal PML (e.g., layer thickness, loss factor, extension order and layer number) is conducted to identify the major parameters of conformal PML that exerts more significant influence on 2D RCS. Lastly, the major design parameters of conformal PML are optimized by the simulated annealing algorithm (SA). As revealed from the numerical examples, the parameter design and optimization method of conformal PML based on SA is capable of enhancing the absorption effect exerted by the conformal PML and decreasing the error of the RCS calculation. It is anticipated that the parameter design method of conformal PML based on RCS optimization can be applied to the cognate absorbing boundary and 3D electromagnetic computation.

Free Parameter Optimization of DTMDs Based on Improved Hybrid Genetic-Simulated Annealing Algorithm

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 2050031
Author(s):  
Qiang Han ◽  
Xuan Zhang ◽  
Kun Xu ◽  
Xiuli Du
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing ◽  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
Free Parameter ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Tuned Mass Dampers ◽  
Genetic Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Annealing Algorithm

The optimum design of distributed tuned mass dampers (DTMDs) is normally based on predefined restrictions, such as the location and/or mass ratio of the tuned mass dampers (TMDs). To further improve the control performance, a free parameter optimization method (FPOM) is proposed. This method only restricts the total mass of the DTMDs system and takes the installation position, mass ratio, stiffness and damping of each TMD as parameters to be optimized. An improved hybrid genetic-simulated annealing algorithm (IHGSA) is adopted to find the optimum values of the design parameters. This algorithm can solve the non-convexity and multimodality problems of the objective function and is quite effective in dealing with the large amount of computations in the free parameter optimization. A numerical benchmark model is adopted to compare the control efficiency of FPOM with conventional control scenarios, such as single TMD, multiple TMDs and DTMDs optimized through conventional methods. The results show that the DTMDs system optimized by using FPOM is superior to the other control scenarios for the same value of mass ratio.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Optimal Control of Continuously Variable Transmission Powertrain

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Reza Kazemi ◽  
Mohsen Raf’at ◽  
Amir Reza noruzi
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Driver Model ◽  
Control Rules ◽  
Fuel Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Computational Systems

Optimization of gear ratio with the objectives of fuel consumption reduction and vehicle longitudinal performance improvement has been the subject of many studies for years. Finding a strategy for changing gears with specific control objectives, especially in the design of vehicles equipped with Continuously Variable Transition system (CVT), which has advantage of arbitrary selection of gear ratio, has been the aim of some recent researches. Optimal control theory has rarely been used in the previous control approaches applied to such systems due to the limitations in the use of fast computational systems. The aim of this study is to design the aforementioned gear ratio change strategy and related control rules on the basis of optimal control. A driver model is also designed for the simulation of driving cycle using MATLAB Simulink Toolbar. Results of implementing optimal control rules in vehicle longitudinal movement simulation with the aim of fuel consumption reduction are finally represented. The presented method has the remarkable advantage of considerable fuel consumption reduction in comparison to other proposed approaches for gear ratio change strategies.

On the Design and Matching of Turbocharger Single Scroll Turbines for Pass Car Gasoline Engines

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Gugau ◽  
Harald Roclawski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Turbine Design

With emission legislation becoming more stringent within the next years, almost all future internal combustion gasoline engines need to reduce specific fuel consumption, most of them by using turbochargers. Additionally, car manufactures attach high importance to a good drivability, which usually is being quantified as a target torque already available at low engine speeds—reached in transient response operation as fast as possible. These engine requirements result in a challenging turbocharger compressor and turbine design task, since for both not one single operating point needs to be aerodynamically optimized but the components have to provide for the optimum overall compromise for maximum thermodynamic performance. The component design targets are closely related and actually controlled by the matching procedure that fits turbine and compressor to the engine. Inaccuracies in matching a turbine to the engine full load are largely due to the pulsating engine flow characteristic and arise from the necessity of arbitrary turbine map extrapolation toward low turbine blade speed ratios and the deficient estimation of turbine efficiency for low engine speed operating points. This paper addresses the above described standard problems, presenting a methodology that covers almost all aspects of thermodynamic turbine design based on a comparison of radial and mixed-flow turbines. Wheel geometry definition with respect to contrary design objectives is done using computational fluid dynamics (CFD), finite element analysis (FEA), and optimization software. Parametrical turbine models, composed of wheel, volute, and standard piping allow for fast map calculation similar to steady hot gas tests but covering the complete range of engine pulsating mass flow. These extended turbine maps are then used for a particular assessment of turbine power output under unsteady flow admission resulting in an improved steady-state matching quality. Additionally, the effect of various design parameters like either volute sizing or the choice of compressor to turbine diameter ratio on turbine blade speed ratio operating range as well as well as turbine inertia effect is analyzed. Finally, this method enables the designer to comparatively evaluate the ability of a turbine design to accelerate the turbocharger speed for transient engine response while still offering a map characteristic that keeps fuel consumption low at all engine speeds.

An Improved Bin-Packing Approach under the Consideration of Fuel Consumption for Delivery Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 844-848
Author(s):  
En Jian Yao ◽  
Xue Ran Wang ◽  
Qi Rong Yang ◽  
Wei Song Hu ◽  
Zheng Pan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Bin Packing ◽  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Joint Optimization ◽  
Delivery Vehicle ◽  
Logistics Company ◽  
Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Packing Scheme ◽  
Operation Cost

With the popularity of e-commerce recently, how to control the operation cost has become an urgent issue need to be solved for all logistics company. This paper proposes an improved bin packing approach under the consideration of fuel consumption for delivery vehicle, to provide logistic company bin packing scheme with the least vehicle numbers and fuel consumption. First, with the consideration of controlling logistics costs, a multi-objective function is built to minimize the number of vehicles and the fuel consumption during delivery. Then a simulated annealing algorithm with improved neighborhood operations is proposed to solve the joint optimization problem. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is evaluated. The results show the proposed approach can effectively reduce logistics costs compared with the conventional bin packing approach and is helpful for reducing fuel consumption by balancing the weight among different vehicles.

POSSIBILITIES OF DRIVEABILITY AND FUEL CONSUMPTION IMPROVEMENT BY ADVANCED CONTROL POWER TRANSMISSION SYSTEM IN PASSENGER CAR

Transport ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Bieniek ◽  
Jerzy Jantos ◽  
Jarosław Mamala
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Gear Ratio ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Control Power ◽  
Power Transmission System ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Ratio Change

The correct work of a power transmission system for the sake of a car motion properties, fuel consumption and pollution emission, requires proper control of an engine and power transmission system. This problem becomes especially significant in the case of automation of the power transmission system and particularly regarding the system of constant gear ratio change between the engine and drive wheels (Continuously Variable Transmission), examined in the paper. This control is based on friction degree conditions estimation between metal belt and the transmission wheels. This paper also describes the experimental results of bench test and road test and applying of different control strategies.

On the Design and Matching of Turbocharger Turbines for Pass Car Gasoline Engines

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Gugau ◽  
Harald Roclawski
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Turbine Blade ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Gasoline Engines ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Component Design ◽  
Matching Procedure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Turbine Design

With emission legislation becoming more stringent within the next years, almost all future internal combustion gasoline engines need to reduce specific fuel consumption, most of them by using turbochargers. Additionally, car manufactures attach high importance to a good drivability, which usually is being quantified as a target torque already available at low engine speeds that is fast reached in transient response operation. These engine requirements result in a challenging turbocharger compressor and turbine design task, since for both not one single operating point needs to be aerodynamically optimized but the components have to provide for the optimum overall compromise for maximum thermodynamic performance. The component design targets are closely related and actually controlled by the matching procedure that fits turbine and compressor to the engine. Inaccuracies in matching a turbine to the engine full load are largely due to the pulsating engine flow characteristic and arise from the necessity of arbitrary map extrapolation to low turbine blade speed ratios and the estimation of turbine efficiency for low engine speeds. This paper addresses the above described standard problems, presenting a methodology that covers almost all aspects of thermodynamic turbine design based on a comparison of radial and mixed flow turbines. Wheel geometry definition with respect to contrary design objectives is done using CFD, FEA and optimization software. Parametrical turbine models, composed of wheel, volute and standard piping allow for fast map calculation similar to steady hot gas tests but covering the complete range of engine pulsating mass flow. These extended turbine maps are then used for a particular assessment of turbine power output under unsteady flow admission resulting in an improved steady state matching quality. Additionally, the effect of various design parameters like either volute sizing or the choice of compressor to turbine diameter ratio on turbine blade speed ratio operating range as well as its inertia is analyzed. Finally, this method enables the designer to comparatively evaluate the ability of a turbine design to accelerate the turbocharger speed for transient engine response while still offering a map characteristic that keeps fuel consumption low at all engine speeds.

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