DEVELOPMENT OF A HAND-PUSH WEEDER FOR CUTTING WEEDS

An hand-push weeder was designed, fabricated and evaluated for household use and peasant farmers in order to mechanize cutting process and minimize the higher aggressive nature of weeds contrasted with harvests poising major danger to crop production, the invasion on soils is very high particularly during the raining seasons when soil moisture is high and plant development conditions are ideal. The major components of the weeder are the weeding drum and frame made of mild steel, adjustable handle made of galvanized steel, transmission system made up of belt and pulley mechanism, two wheels both at the front and rear. The highest weeding efficiency of 93.496% and field capacity of 0.055 ha/hr were obtained based on some parameters that influence mechanized weeding (soil condition, age of weed, number of weed, and optimum speed of the weeding machine been 1800rpm). The production cost of the weeder is $185 and it is powered by a 3 hp gasoline engine.

The Effects of Some Mechanical Parameters of a Developed Millet Thresher on Millet Threshing and Cleaning Efficiencies

Some mechanical and process parameters of a developed millet thresher have been optimized using a numerical optimization technique. The machine threshes millet panicles and cleans the grains from the straw. The speed of threshing and the number of pegs attached to the threshing drum were mechanical parameters investigated, while the moisture content was the process parameter under investigation. Threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, and percentage losses were used as performance characteristics while investigating these parameters. A central composite rotatable design was used in the experiment (CCRD). The results of the experiments revealed that the speed of threshing and the number of beater pegs had significant positive effects on threshing efficiency, whereas the millet panicle had significant negative effects. The speed of threshing and the number of beater pegs had considerable positive effects on threshing efficiency, whereas the millet panicle had large negative effects, according to the results of the studies. Also, a combination of a speed of 1590 rpm, 28 beater pegs, and a millet panicle moisture of 15% resulted in the maximum cleaning efficiency of 98.31%. The cleaning speed had a positive substantial effect on the cleaning efficiency, although the beater pegs and moisture content had small effects. The optimum speed of 1730 rpm, number of pegs of 35, and millet moisture content of 13.5 percent for threshing efficiency of 91.41 percent, cleaning efficiency of 97.87, and desirability of 0.997 were achieved using numerical optimization. The study's findings include standard input machines and processing variables that produce the best machine output.

The Effects of Some Mechanical Parameters of a Developed Millet Thresher on Millet Threshing and Cleaning Efficiencies

Some mechanical and process parameters of a developed millet thresher have been optimized using a numerical optimization technique. The machine threshes millet panicles and cleans the grains from the straw. The speed of threshing and the number of pegs attached to the threshing drum were mechanical parameters investigated, while the moisture content was the process parameter under investigation. Threshing efficiency, cleaning efficiency, and percentage losses were used as performance characteristics while investigating these parameters. A central composite rotatable design was used in the experiment (CCRD). The results of the experiments revealed that the speed of threshing and the number of beater pegs had significant positive effects on threshing efficiency, whereas the millet panicle had significant negative effects. The speed of threshing and the number of beater pegs had considerable positive effects on threshing efficiency, whereas the millet panicle had large negative effects, according to the results of the studies. Also, a combination of a speed of 1590 rpm, 28 beater pegs, and a millet panicle moisture of 15% resulted in the maximum cleaning efficiency of 98.31%. The cleaning speed had a positive substantial effect on the cleaning efficiency, although the beater pegs and moisture content had small effects. The optimum speed of 1730 rpm, number of pegs of 35, and millet moisture content of 13.5 percent for threshing efficiency of 91.41 percent, cleaning efficiency of 97.87, and desirability of 0.997 were achieved using numerical optimization. The study’s findings include standard input machines and processing variables that produce the best machine output.

An Improved Stereo Matching Algorithm for Vehicle Speed Measurement System Based on Spatial and Temporal Image Fusion

This paper proposes an improved stereo matching algorithm for vehicle speed measurement system based on spatial and temporal image fusion (STIF). Firstly, the matching point pairs in the license plate area with obviously abnormal distance to the camera are roughly removed according to the characteristic of license plate specification. Secondly, more mismatching point pairs are finely removed according to local neighborhood consistency constraint (LNCC). Thirdly, the optimum speed measurement point pairs are selected for successive stereo frame pairs by STIF of binocular stereo video, so that the 3D points corresponding to the matching point pairs for speed measurement in the successive stereo frame pairs are in the same position on the real vehicle, which can significantly improve the vehicle speed measurement accuracy. LNCC and STIF can be used not only for license plate, but also for vehicle logo, light, mirror etc. Experimental results demonstrate that the vehicle speed measurement system with the proposed LNCC+STIF stereo matching algorithm can significantly outperform the state-of-the-art system in accuracy.

Optical Transport Network to support Digital Communications

The objective of this work is to propose a solution to the problem of the lack of telecommunication services, with adequate quality of service and coverage, in the town of Choclococha, Huancavelica-Peru. For this purpose, the design and evaluation of an optical link as a backbone network and a wireless access network is presented. It is an applied and experimental research in which performance parameters were evaluated. The independent variable is the optical transport network and the dependent variable is data communication. The latter is defined by two indicators: throughput and signal reception power at the users. Both indicators were measured in a sample of the population, obtaining results that were validated with respect to the expected values according to specifications and regulations. Thus, the measured throughput exceeds the 40% data rate guaranteed by the telecommunications operator. As for the reception power, it exceeds the sensitivity level of the receiving equipment. Therefore, it is concluded that the proposed solution supports communications with optimum speed and coverage.

Optimum speed controller structure utilizing the MCA approach

In this paper, an optimal speed controller for dc motor is considered using a PID controller and tuned its parameters of gain to offer an optimal solution by using a modified camel algorithm MCA approach. The proposed MCA scheme was applied to solve the difficulty of getting the optimum gains of PID parameters. The MCA has good evolutionary speed with the simple construction of optimization depend on camel searching performance. The characteristics of the MCA algorithm were confirmed by optimizing the gains parameters of proportional, integral, derivative PID controller. The performance of PID-MCA is comparing with a classic PID controller enhanced with GA genetic algorithm optimization method to tune the gain parameters of the speed controller system. It was shown that the utilize of optimization processes indicated better performance for the MCA procedure in term of speed of execution and the size of memory compared with the GA method by applying computer simulations analysis. The proposed scheme has an efficient feature that includes the ease of implementation, good efficiency of computational performances with stable convergence characteristics. The results indicated that the proposed MCA scheme is a useful tool for search ability, produced efficient outcomes compared with the GA optimized method when applied in the proposed system.

Influence of road conditions on vehicles’ fuel consumption

The article deals with the influence of road conditions on fuel consumption by vehicles when transporting goods and passengers, which depends on the speed of movement. The optimum fuel consumption corresponds to the optimum speed of movement which is distinctive for each type of car. Increase or decrease of the optimum speed leads to increased fuel consumption. Elevations reduce the speed and increase fuel consumption by up to 30%. Road conditions (width of roadway, condition of surface, presence of horizontal curves, longitudinal slopes, pedestrian crossings, settlements) cause a change in the speed of movement and consumption of fuel and lubricants. It is possible to take into account the road conditions by plotting the speed of movement along the route, the change in the speed occuring during the travel time and socio-economic indicators of the route. Based on this chart, fuel costs and route times are calculated. Since the cost of fuel is 50-52% of the cost of transportation of goods and passengers, the cost will be roughly 2 times higher. The cost of transportation of goods by trucks is characterized by the cost of transportation, and the transportation of passengers by the cost and time spent by passengers when traveling the route.

The emergence of C−H functionalization strategy in medicinal chemistry and drug discovery

Owing to the market competitiveness and urgent societal need, an optimum speed of drug discovery is an important criteria for successful implementation. Despite the rapid ascent of artificial intelligence, computational...