Design of Light Weight-Low Cost Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah Salah ◽  
Kareem El Telbany ◽  
Bavly Samy ◽  
Ahmed Khalil ◽  
Karim El-Ghanzory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Neutral Buoyancy ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Prime Movers ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
And Control

Abstract Remotely Operated Underwater Vehicles (ROV) currently have been utilized for scientific and commercial applications. Many industries are involved in developing robots in order to reduce human effort as well as increase productivity, efficiency, and monitoring. That said, the need to optimize the cost for design of ROVs became popular. In the present work, a simplified design procedure of a low cost-light-weight ROV is proposed. The design overview includes a description of the three thrusters operated by bilge pump electric motors. The ROV contains only a camera, an IMU and a GPS sensor. The ROV is wired to a control station that is equipped with a screen with a GUI, a joystick and a keyboard to monitor and control the ROV. The design is optimized to achieve a neutral buoyancy force in order to reduce the stabilizing effort during operation, hence reducing energy consumption. The drag force, lift force, drag center, lift center and fluid velocity contours are predicted using a CFD tool. Dynamic analysis including thrust and drag forces in longitudinal, vertical and yaw directions of motion are investigated to facilitate selection of the prime movers. Finally, the control strategy and electrical system description is presented. The proposed methodology proved that a satisfactory performance with an optimized design is achievable. The ROV design presented could be used in quick and low cost inspection of ships.

scholarly journals Modeling, Design Procedure and Control of a Low-Cost High-Gain Multi-Input Step-Up Converter

Electronics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Edgardo Netzahuatl ◽  
Domingo Cortes ◽  
Marco A. Ramirez-Salinas ◽  
Jorge Resa ◽  
Leobardo Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Input Voltage ◽  
High Gain ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Real Behavior ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
And Control

The use of several different sources to feed a load jointly is convenient in many applications, in particular those where two or more renewable energy sources are employed. These applications include energy harvesting, hybrid vehicles, and off-grid systems. A multi-input converter able to admit sources of different characteristics and select the output power of each source is necessary in such applications. Several topologies of multi-input converters have been proposed to this aim; however, most of them are controlled by simple strategies based on a small signal model of multi-input converters. In this work, a low cost high gain step-up multi-input converter is analyzed. A nonlinear model is derived. Using this model, a detailed design procedure is proposed. A 500 W converter prototype was constructed to confirm that the model predicted the real behavior of the converter. Using the nonlinear model, indirect voltage control of basic converters was extended to the multi-input converter. The obtained controller had a fast performance, and it was robust under load and input voltage variations. With the obtained model, the proposed design procedure, and the controller, a converter that was initially proposed for photovoltaic applications was enabled to be used in a broader range of applications. The herein exposed ideas for modeling, the design procedure, and control could be also applied to other multi-input converters.

A Combined Plant/Controller Optimization Framework for Hybrid Vehicles With MPG, Emissions and Drivability Considerations

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huckleberry Febbo ◽  
Tulga Ersal ◽  
Jeffrey L. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Optimization Strategy ◽  
Meta Model ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
And Control

The design and control of hybrid-electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains presents an optimization problem to balance the trade-off between multiple objectives, such as fuel economy, driv-ability, and emissions. However, current design methodologies do not simultaneously incorporate all of these three considerations into both the sizing and control layers of the optimization problem. This paper first demonstrates that the trade-offs between these objectives can be non-trivial in the HEV control problem. This motivates the need for a systematic design procedure that can take all three objectives into account. To address this need, the paper describes the development of a new and efficient design framework called the Hybrid-Vehicle Design Tool (HVDT), which adopts a bi-level optimization strategy. Efficiency is achieved by introducing a neural-network-based meta-model to predict the performance of the optimal control strategy obtained using Dynamic Programming (DP). To demonstrate the HVDT, a small HEV is designed for the UDDS and HWFET driving cycles separately. Results show that the optimized design can reduce fuel consumption, improve emissions and improve driv-ability when compared to the nominal design obtained using first principle design methodologies. Additionally, compared to using DP directly in the bi-level optimization, using the meta-model reduces the simulation from 238 to 16 days (93%) and from 132 to 16 days (88%) for the UDDS and HWFET cycles, respectively, with an acceptable compromise in the accuracy of predicting the performance of DP.

scholarly journals Fractal Geometry and Its Application to Antenna Designs

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 3726-3743
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Fractal Geometry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Wireless Applications

his paper primarily focuses on various fractal geometries and their applications to antenna designs. Several natures inspired and human inspired fractal geometries are presented one by one. Their importance and design procedure are also briefly discussed. The dimensions of such fractal geometries are found using their mathematical modeling. Considering modeling and their corresponding shapes various low profiles, low cost, small size and, light weight antenna designs for various wireless applications are described. The broadband, wideband, and multiband nature of the design due to fractal application are discussed. Finally advantages, disadvantages, major applications, and future scope of such fractal geometries are mentioned.

Formulation and Reliability Feature Analysis of Analog, Digital and Hybrid I&C Architectures for Research Reactors

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Khalil Ur ◽  
Gyunyoung Heo ◽  
Man Cheol Kim ◽  
Muhammad Zubair
Keyword(s):  
Research Reactor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Feature Analysis ◽  
Optimized Design ◽  
Bayesian Network Model ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Hybrid Configuration ◽  
And Control ◽  
Better Than

Optimized design of Instrumentation and Control (I&C), having rationally good reliability features like high availability, low spurious trip rate and low cost, is very important for safety and economical use of nuclear reactors. The demand for optimization becomes more significant in case of small size educational or research reactor due to less margin of cost. The aim of study, in this article, is to develop analog, digital and hybrid architectures for reactor protection I&C system and identification of suitable one for research reactor. The reliability feature analysis of proposed architectures has been performed in three parts (i) analytical analysis for redundancy (ii) Bayesian network model for estimation channel failure λdc and (iii) unavailability or Probability of Failure on Demand (PFD) for each I&C system architecture. It is found here that 2oo3 (2 out of 3) architecture is highly suitable for research reactor as it has low nuisance process trip rate, rational availability (reasonable high) and low probable to CCF failure, if compared with other ones. Results have shown that hybrid configuration can perform better than analog, digital architectures. This research would be helpful for the designers to consider appropriate model with defined cost and availability for their design.

scholarly journals Harmonic Analyzer Using ATMEGA 328P

2019 ◽  
pp. 694-698
Author(s):  
Christie Anil Joseph ◽  
Sumant Sarmokadam ◽  
Dr. Usha Surendra
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Supply ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Data Logging ◽  
Technical Improvement ◽  
Harmonic Analyzer ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Control

The technical improvement in Power electronics and Control system industries has made the linear consumer loads to dominate by sensitive and sophisticated non-linear consumer loads. These have a major impact on the power systems, causing increase in harmonics distortion. This paper proposes a hardware design to develop a Harmonic Analyzer along with Arduino ATMEGA 328P, that can be able to analyze up to 15th harmonic of an alternating current power supply. The Harmonic analyzer has been developed considering the cost, accomplished with respect to accuracy, easy modifications through coding, remote monitoring and data logging. The developed low cost handheld product may be used for industrial as well as commercial applications.

Identificación de polaridad de los devanados en un motor trifásico de 6 terminales

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
José Luis Viramontes-Reyna ◽  
Josafat Moreno-Silva ◽  
José Guadalupe Montelongo-Sierra ◽  
Erasmo Velazquez-Leyva
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Voltage Reference ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Voltage Phase ◽  
The Law ◽  
And Control

This document presents the results obtained from the application of the law of Lens to correctly identify the polarity of the windings in a three-phase motor with 6 exposed terminals, when the corresponding labeling is not in any situation; Prior to identifying the polarity, it should be considered to have the pairs of the three windings located. For the polarity, it is proposed to feed with a voltage of 12 Vrms to one of the windings, which are identified randomly as W1 and W2, where W1 is connected to the voltage phase of 12 Vrms of the signal and W2 to the voltage reference to 0V; by means of voltage induction and considering the law of Lens, the remaining 4 terminals can be identified and labeled as V1, V2, U1 and U2. For this process a microcontroller and control elements with low cost are used.

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