Sensor Fused Blood Pressure Measuring Device Capable of Recording Korotkoff Sounds in Inflationary Curves

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Alvarez Vazquez ◽  
Daniel Ewert ◽  
Dave Jorgenson ◽  
Michael Sand
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pressure Cuff ◽  
System 2 ◽  
Control Electronics

Abstract This study describes a non-invasive medical device capable of measuring arterial blood pressure (BP) with a combination of inflationary and deflationary procedures. The device uses the pressure cuff pressure signal, arterial skin-surface acoustics, and photoplethysmography (PPG) to make a sensor-fusion estimation of blood pressure readings. We developed an apparatus composed of 1) a modified off-the-shelf oscillometric blood pressure system, 2) a contact microphone with an amplifier, 3) and high-sensitivity pulse oximeter, and its control electronics.

scholarly journals Study of Inter-arm Variation of Blood Pressure in Normal and Diabetic In-dividual in Out Patient Department of Nepal Medical College

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Pragati Poudyel ◽  
Seerina Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Sitting Posture ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Measure Blood Pressure ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
The Comparative Study

 Introduction: Growing incidence of hypertension and its significant association with diabetes mellitus are being observed in both developing and developed countries around globe. Scanty literature is available about the comparative study of inter-arm variation of blood pressure in normal individuals and diabetic among Nepalese population. This research was performed to determine extent of inter-arm variation in normal individuals and diabetics. Methods: A descriptive observational study was carried out from 2013 January to 2014 January in a tertiary level teaching hospital of Nepal. After taking the consent and giving necessary instructions, blood pressures were measured in both the arms one after another in sitting posture using mercurial sphygmomanometer and Littman cardiosonic stethoscope. Arterial blood pressure was measured by palpatory method followed by auscultatory method The cuff pressure at which the tap sound were first perceived was noted as systolic blood pressure (SBP). Similarly, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was noted at the point where the sound disappeared. Results: A total of 120 volunteers between ages of 40-80 years were studied. Highly significant inter-arm variation of both SBP and DBP was found in diabetics as compared to normal (p<0.01). Highly significant inter-arm variation was found in diabetic male and female as compared to their normal counter parts (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study showed that there was significant inter-arm variation of SBP and DBP in diabetic and normal individual. So, this study encourages to measure blood pressure (BP) in both arms for proper treatment planning of an individuals.

Estimation of blood pressure-related parameters by electrical impedance measurement

1992 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1946-1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Muntinga ◽  
K. R. Visser
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Arterial Compliance ◽  
Blood Pressure Measurement ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Impedance Measurement ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Arterial Blood

In 13 healthy volunteers a computerized experimental set-up was used to measure the electrical impedance of the upper arm at changing cuff pressure, together with the finger arterial blood pressure in the contralateral arm. On the basis of a model for the admittance response, the arterial blood volume per centimeter length (1.4 +/- 0.3 ml/cm), the venous blood volume as a percentage of the total blood compartment (49.2 +/- 12.6%), and the total arterial compliance as a function of mean arterial transmural pressure were estimated. The effective physiological arterial compliance amounted to 2.0 +/- 1.3 microliters.mmHg-1.cm-1 and the maximum compliance to 33.4 +/- 12.0 microliters.mmHg-1.cm-1. Additionally, the extravascular fluid volume expelled by the occluding cuff (0.3 +/- 0.3 ml/cm) was estimated. These quantities are closely related to patient-dependent sources of an unreliable blood pressure measurement and vary with changes in cardiovascular function, such as those found in hypertension. Traditionally, a combination of several methods is needed to estimate them. Such methods, however, usually neglect the contribution of extravascular factors.

Baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity during skin surface cooling

2007 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 1284-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Cui ◽  
Sylvain Durand ◽  
Craig G. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Surface Cooling ◽  
Nerve Activity ◽  
Baroreflex Control ◽  
Arterial Blood

Skin surface cooling improves orthostatic tolerance through a yet to be identified mechanism. One possibility is that skin surface cooling increases the gain of baroreflex control of efferent responses contributing to the maintenance of blood pressure. To test this hypothesis, muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA), arterial blood pressure, and heart rate were recorded in nine healthy subjects during both normothermic and skin surface cooling conditions, while baroreflex control of MSNA and heart rate were assessed during rapid pharmacologically induced changes in arterial blood pressure. Skin surface cooling decreased mean skin temperature (34.9 ± 0.2 to 29.8 ± 0.6°C; P < 0.001) and increased mean arterial blood pressure (85 ± 2 to 93 ± 3 mmHg; P < 0.001) without changing MSNA ( P = 0.47) or heart rate ( P = 0.21). The slope of the relationship between MSNA and diastolic blood pressure during skin surface cooling (−3.54 ± 0.29 units·beat−1·mmHg−1) was not significantly different from normothermic conditions (−2.94 ± 0.21 units·beat−1·mmHg−1; P = 0.19). The slope depicting baroreflex control of heart rate was also not altered by skin surface cooling. However, skin surface cooling shifted the “operating point” of both baroreflex curves to high arterial blood pressures (i.e., rightward shift). Resetting baroreflex curves to higher pressure might contribute to the elevations in orthostatic tolerance associated with skin surface cooling.

scholarly journals Natural bioactive substances in milk and colostrum: effects on the arterial blood pressure system

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (S1) ◽  
pp. 119-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Groziak ◽  
G. D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Reduce Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Lowering Effect ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Increased Risk

High blood pressure is a significant public health problem worldwide which is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and renal disease. The development of this disease is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The results of many studies have linked increased consumption of milk and milk products with lower blood pressure and reduced risk of hypertension. The intake of several minerals found in milk has been demonstrated to have an inverse relationship with blood pressure. Peptides formed during the digestion of milk proteins have also been demonstrated to have a blood pressure lowering effect. Other components in milk that have been examined for their effects on blood pressure have been less promising. More recent data indicate that a dietary pattern that is low in fat, with fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products can significantly reduce blood pressure and lower risk of developing high blood pressure.

The Blood Pressure Cuff Controversy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-161
Author(s):  
Myron L. Cohen ◽  
Harold Alexander ◽  
Leonard Steinfeld
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Blood Pressure Cuff ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pressure Cuff ◽  
In Infants And Children ◽  
Occlusive Cuff

In a letter (Pediatrics 59:138, January 1977) Bailie noted that the sizes of cuffs normally available for the measurement of blood pressure in infants and children are inadequate to insure that measuremnents will accurately reflect the true arterial blood pressure. In general the use of an improperly sized cuff will lead to an overestimation of the arterial blood pressure. In recent studies,1,2 we have shown that several criteria must be fulfilled in the design of an occlusive cuff in order to insure that the indirect pressure accurately reflects the arterial pressure.

Nonlinear methods of biosignal analysis in assessing terbutaline-induced heart rate and blood pressure changes

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. H773-H781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom A. Kuusela ◽  
Tuomas T. Jartti ◽  
Kari U. O. Tahvanainen ◽  
Timo J. Kaila
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽  
Free State ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Nonlinear Methods ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Drug Free

The aim of this study was to characterize how different nonlinear methods characterize heart rate and blood pressure dynamics in healthy subjects at rest. The randomized, placebo-controlled crossover study with intravenous terbutaline was designed to induce four different stationary states of cardiovascular regulation system. The R-R interval, systolic arterial blood pressure, and heart rate time series were analyzed with a set of methods including approximate entropy, sample entropy, Lempel-Ziv entropy, symbol dynamic entropy, cross-entropy, correlation dimension, fractal dimensions, and stationarity test. Results indicate that R-R interval and systolic arterial pressure subsystems are mutually connected but have different dynamic properties. In the drug-free state the subsystems share many common features. When the strength of the baroreflex feedback loop is modified with terbutaline, R-R interval and systolic blood pressure lose mutual synchrony and drift toward their inherent state of operation. In this state the R-R interval system is rather complex and irregular, but the blood pressure system is much simpler than in the drug-free state.

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