Siemens Westinghouse Advanced Turbine Systems Program Final Summary

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor S. Diakunchak ◽  
Greg R. Gaul ◽  
Gerry McQuiggan ◽  
Leslie R. Southall
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
System Development ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Power Generation Plant

This paper summarises achievements in the Siemens Westinghouse Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program. The ATS Program, co-funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, was a very successful multi-year (from 1992 to 2001) collaborative effort between government, industry and participating universities. The program goals were to develop technologies necessary for achieving significant gains in natural gas-fired power generation plant efficiency, a reduction in emissions, and a decrease in cost of electricity, while maintaining current state-of-the-art electricity generation systems’ reliability, availability, and maintainability levels. Siemens Westinghouse technology development concentrated on the following areas: aerodynamic design, combustion, heat transfer/cooling design, engine mechanical design, advanced alloys, advanced coating systems, and single crystal (SC) alloy casting development. Success was achieved in designing and full scale verification testing of a high pressure high efficiency compressor, airfoil clocking concept verification on a two stage turbine rig test, high temperature bond coat/TBC system development, and demonstrating feasibility of large SC turbine airfoil castings. The ATS program included successful completion of W501G engine development testing. This engine is the first step in the W501ATS engine introduction and incorporates many ATS technologies, such as closed-loop steam cooling, advanced compressor design, advanced sealing and high temperature materials and coatings.

Siemens Westinghouse Advanced Turbine Systems Program Final Summary

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihor S. Diakunchak ◽  
Greg R. Gaul ◽  
Gerry McQuiggan ◽  
Leslie R. Southall
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
System Development ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Power Generation Plant

This paper summarizes achievements in the Siemens Westinghouse Advanced Turbine Systems (ATS) Program. The ATS Program, co-funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, was a very successful multiyear (from 1992 to 2001) collaborative effort between government, industry, and participating universities. The program goals were to develop technologies necessary for achieving significant gains in natural gas-fired power generation plant efficiency, a reduction in emissions, and a decrease in cost of electricity, while maintaining current state-of-the-art electricity generation systems’ reliability, availability, and maintainability levels. Siemens Westinghouse technology development concentrated on the following areas: aerodynamic design, combustion, heat transfer/cooling design, engine mechanical design, advanced alloys, advanced coating systems, and single crystal (SC) alloy casting development. Success was achieved in designing and full scale verification testing of a high-pressure high-efficiency compressor, airfoil clocking concept verification on a two-stage turbine rig test, high-temperature bond coat/TBC system development, and demonstrating feasibility of large SC turbine airfoil castings. The ATS program included successful completion of W501G engine development testing. This engine is the first step in the W501ATS engine introduction and incorporates many ATS technologies, such as closed-loop steam cooling, advanced compressor design, advanced sealing, and high-temperature materials and coatings.

scholarly journals Measuring the effectiveness of high-performance Co-Optima biofuels on suppressing soot formation at high temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (7) ◽  
pp. 3451-3460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Barak ◽  
Ramees K. Rahman ◽  
Sneha Neupane ◽  
Erik Ninnemann ◽  
Farhan Arafin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Shock Tube ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Soot Formation ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Shock Heating ◽  
Combustion Processes

Soot emissions in combustion are unwanted consequences of burning hydrocarbon fuels. The presence of soot during and following combustion processes is an indication of incomplete combustion and has several negative consequences including the emission of harmful particulates and increased operational costs. Efforts have been made to reduce soot production in combustion engines through utilizing oxygenated biofuels in lieu of traditional nonoxygenated feedstocks. The ongoing Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines (Co-Optima) initiative from the US Department of Energy (DOE) is focused on accelerating the introduction of affordable, scalable, and sustainable biofuels and high-efficiency, low-emission vehicle engines. The Co-Optima program has identified a handful of biofuel compounds from a list of thousands of potential candidates. In this study, a shock tube was used to evaluate the performance of soot reduction of five high-performance biofuels downselected by the Co-Optima program. Current experiments were performed at test conditions between 1,700 and 2,100 K and 4 and 4.7 atm using shock tube and ultrafast, time-resolve laser absorption diagnostic techniques. The combination of shock heating and nonintrusive laser detection provides a state-of-the-art test platform for high-temperature soot formation under engine conditions. Soot reduction was found in ethanol, cyclopentanone, and methyl acetate; conversely, an α-diisobutylene and methyl furan produced more soot compared to the baseline over longer test times. For each biofuel, several reaction pathways that lead towards soot production were identified. The data collected in these experiments are valuable information for the future of renewable biofuel development and their applicability in engines.

scholarly journals 2MW Class High Efficiency Gas Turbine IM270 for Co-Generation Plants

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideo Kobayashi ◽  
Shogo Tsugumi ◽  
Yoshio Yonezawa ◽  
Riuzou Imamura
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Gas Turbine Engine ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Generation Plant ◽  
Emission Regulation ◽  
Heavy Duty Gas Turbine

IHI is developing a new heavy duty gas turbine engine for 2MW class co-generation plants, which is called IM270. This engine is a simple cycle and single-spool gas turbine engine. Target thermal efficiency is the higher level in the same class engines. A dry low NOx combustion system has been developed to clear the strictest emission regulation in Japan. All parts of the IM270 are designed with long life for low maintenance cost. It is planned that the IM270 will be applied to a dual fluid system, emergency generation plant, machine drive engine and so on, as shown in Fig.1. The development program of IM270 for the co-generation plant is progress. The first prototype engine test has been started. It has been confirmed that the mechanical design and the dry low NOx system are practical. The component tuning test is being executed. On the other hand, the component test is concurrently in progress. The first production engine is being manufactured to execute the endurance test using a co-generation plant at the IHI Kure factory. This paper provides the conceptual design and status of the IM270 basic engine development program.

scholarly journals The Component Test Facility: A National User Facility for Testing of High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (HTGR) Components and Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vondell J. Balls ◽  
David S. Duncan ◽  
Stephanie L. Austad
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scale Effects ◽  
Nuclear Plant ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Component Test ◽  
User Facility ◽  
High Temperature Gas

The Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) and other High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor (HTGR) Projects require research, development, design, construction, and operation of a nuclear plant intended for both high-efficiency electricity production and high-temperature industrial applications, including hydrogen production. During the life cycle stages of an HTGR, plant systems, structures and components (SSCs) will be developed to support this reactor technology. To mitigate technical, schedule, and project risk associated with development of these SSCs, a large-scale test facility is required to support design verification and qualification prior to operational implementation. As a full-scale helium test facility, the Component Test facility (CTF) will provide prototype testing and qualification of heat transfer system components (e.g., Intermediate Heat Exchanger, valves, hot gas ducts), reactor internals, and hydrogen generation processing. It will perform confirmation tests for large-scale effects, validate component performance requirements, perform transient effects tests, and provide production demonstration of hydrogen and other high-temperature applications. Sponsored wholly or in part by the U.S. Department of Energy, the CTF will support NGNP and will also act as a National User Facility to support worldwide development of High-Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor technologies.

An Advanced Extreme-Environment Wireless Telemetry System for Turbine Blade Instrumentation

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 158-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Fraley ◽  
Brett Sparkman ◽  
Stephen Minden ◽  
Anand Kulkarni ◽  
Joshua McConkey
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Future Direction ◽  
High Level

As advanced natural gas power generation systems evolve, the thrust for increased efficiencies and reduced emissions results in increasingly harsh conditions inside the turbine environment. These high temperatures, pressures, and corrosive atmospheres result in accelerated rates of degradation, leading to failure of turbine materials and components. Wolfspeed, A Cree Company, Siemens Energy, and Siemens Corporate Technology, in collaboration with the Department of Energy (DOE)'s National Energy Technology Laboratory, are developing a reliable and long-term monitoring capability in the turbine hot gas path in the form of novel ceramic-based thermocouples and wide bandgap instrumentation electronics that will contribute to the overall reliability of gas turbines. When equipped with better monitoring and controls, power plants can operate with increased fuel-burning efficiency, improved process dynamics and gas concentrations, and increased overall longevity of the power plant components. This will result in increased turbine availability and a reduction in outages and maintenance costs. The technology being developed in this program is based on advanced techniques and innovations in nearly every aspect of high-temperature electronics, including materials, semiconductor devices, subcomponents, electronic packaging, and system integration. The environment in which this wireless system must operate has continuous centrifugal loads with a gravitation force on the order of 16,000 times the force of gravity (16,000 g) and temperatures exceeding 400°C. This article will specifically discuss the background and motivation for the high-temperature instrumentation system and will explain the high-level electrical system, the construction of the instrumentation package, the techniques used for integration onto rotating components, as well as the wireless power and data transmission systems. In addition to the electrical and mechanical design, this article will also discuss results from laboratory bench testing as well as heated spin rig testing. Finally, this article will highlight the future direction of the instrumentation system evolution, with a final objective of insertion into Siemens natural gas turbine power plants.

The Introduction and Analysis of the World’s First High-Temperature Retrofit Project on a Subcritical Coal-Fired Power Unit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weizhong Feng ◽  
Li Li
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
The United States ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
New Construction

Abstract Global warming concerns have pushed coal-fired power plants to develop innovative solutions which reduce CO2 emissions by increasing efficiency. While new ultra-supercritical units are built with extremely high efficiency, with Pingshan II approaching 50% LHV[1], subcritical units with much lower efficiency are a major source of installed capacity. The typical annual average net efficiency of subcritical units in China is about 37% LHV, and some are lower than 35% LHV. Since the total subcritical capacity in China is about 350GW and accounts for over one third of its total coal-fired power capacity, shutting all subcritical units down is not practical. Finding existing coal-fired plants a cost-effective solution which successfully combines advanced flexibility with high efficiency and low emissions, all while extending service lives, has challenged energy engineers worldwide. However, the (now proven) benefits a high temperature upgrade offers, compared to new construction options, made this an achievement worth pursuing. After many years of substantial incremental improvements to best-in-class technology, this first-of-its-kind subcritical high temperature retrofit successfully proves that a technically and economically feasible solution exists. It increases the main and reheat steam temperatures from 538°C (1000°F) to 600°C (1112°F), and the plant cycle and turbine internal efficiencies are greatly improved. This upgrade’s greatest efficiency gains occur at low loads, which is important as fossil plants respond to renewable energy’s increased grid contributions. These are combined with best-in-class flexibility, energy-savings, and technological advances, i.e., flue gas heat recovery technology and generalized regeneration technologies [4]. This project, the world’s first high-temperature subcritical coal-fired power plant retrofit, was initiated in April 2017 and finished in August 2019. Performance reports created by Siemens and GE record unit net efficiency at rated conditions improved from 38.6% to 43.5% LHV. The boiler’s lowest stable combustion load with operational SCR, without oil-firing support, was reduced from 55% to 19%. Substitution or upgrading of high-temperature components extended the lifetime of the unit by more than 30 years. At a third of the cost of new construction, this project set a high-water-mark for retrofitting subcritical units, and meets or supports the requisite attributes for Coal FIRST, Coal Plant of the Future, proposed by the United States Department of Energy (DOE) in 2019 [2].

scholarly journals The Design of a Solar Receiver for a 25-KWe Gas Turbine Engine

1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Greeven ◽  
M. Coombs ◽  
J. Eastwood
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Heat Transfer Surface ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Metallic Plate ◽  
Turbine Engine ◽  
Concentrated Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Receiver

This paper describes a solar receiver under development for the Department of Energy under contract to the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The receiver is designed to be used with a single-point-focus, parabolic concentrator. The receiver accepts the concentrated solar radiation and uses it to heat the working gas of a small, open-cycle gas turbine to about 1500 F (815 C). The receiver employs a high-efficiency, metallic plate-fin heat transfer surface to effect this energy transfer. The paper discusses the thermal and mechanical design features of the receiver.

Design of a Small Axial Compressor for High Efficiency Over a Wide Operating Range

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Reynolds ◽  
S. Etter ◽  
J. Torony ◽  
J. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Mechanical Design ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Axial Compressor ◽  
Design System ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Geometry Design ◽  
Low Leakage

Textron Lycoming’s advanced compressor design system has been used to design and develop a three-stage axial compressor in the small flow class (less than 10 pps). New and innovative aerodynamic and mechanical design features identified in recent technology programs were used to optimize efficiency and range in the present design. Specific areas of technology development in this research program are: customized rotor airfoil shapes for minimum shock loss, airfoil endwall loading selected to reduce losses, variable geometry design for large range and high efficiency compressor operating requirements, variable stator hub contours and attachment design for minimum clearance loss, flowpath sealing for low leakage flow, and reduced frictional pumping losses. Performance objectives were experimentally verified with extensive prototype rig testing where sufficient instrumentation was installed to identify overall and individual stage operating charactertistics. A complete description of the axial compressor aerodynamic design is presented; executed using meanline, axisymmetric and three-dimensional flow analysis. Elements of the mechanical design that impact overall performance potential were controlled in the design and are described. Mechanical integrity for rig development and engine operation were verified for all components of the design and are reviewed.

The Potential of Photoelectrochemical Carbon Sinks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias May ◽  
Kira Rehfeld
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Solar Fuels ◽  
Negative Emissions ◽  
Viable Approach ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Greenhouse gas emissions must be cut to limit global warming to 1.5-2C above preindustrial levels. Yet the rate of decarbonisation is currently too low to achieve this. Policy-relevant scenarios therefore rely on the permanent removal of CO<sub>2</sub> from the atmosphere. However, none of the envisaged technologies has demonstrated scalability to the decarbonization targets for the year 2050. In this analysis, we show that artificial photosynthesis for CO<sub>2</sub> reduction may deliver an efficient large-scale carbon sink. This technology is mainly developed towards solar fuels and its potential for negative emissions has been largely overlooked. With high efficiency and low sensitivity to high temperature and illumination conditions, it could, if developed towards a mature technology, present a viable approach to fill the gap in the negative emissions budget.<br>

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