Experimental Analysis and Material Characterization of Ultra High Temperature Composites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anindya Ghoshal ◽  
Michael J. Walock ◽  
Andy Nieto ◽  
Muthuvel Murugan ◽  
Clara Hofmeister-Mock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Material Characterization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Test Material ◽  
Layer System ◽  
Vannevar Bush ◽  
Sic Composites ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

Abstract Ultra high temperature ceramic (UHTC) materials have attracted attention for hypersonic applications. Currently there is significant interest in possible gas turbine engine applications of UHTC composites as well. However, many of these materials, such as hafnium carbide, zirconium carbide, and zirconium diboride, have significant oxidation resistance and toughness limitations. In addition, these materials are very difficult to manufacture because of their high melting points. In many cases, SiC powder is incorporated into UHTCs to aid in processing and to enhance fracture toughness. This can also improve the materials’ oxidation resistance at moderately high temperatures due to a crack-healing borosilicate phase. ZrB2-SiC composites show very good oxidation resistance up to 1700 °C, due to the formation of SiO2 and ZrO2 scales in numerous prior studies. While this may limit its application to hypersonic applications (due to reduced thermal conductivity and oxidation resistance at higher temperatures), these UHTC-SiC composites may find applications in turbomachinery, as either stand-alone parts or as a component in a multi-layer system. The US Army Research Laboratory (ARL), the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS), and the University of California – San Diego (UCSD) are developing tough UHTC composites with high durability and oxidation resistance. For this paper, UHTC-SiC composites and high-entropy fluorite oxides were developed using planetary and high-energy ball milling and consolidated using spark plasma sintering. These materials were evaluated for their oxidation-resistance, ablation-resistance, and thermal cycling behavior under a DoD/OSD-funded Laboratory University Collaborative Initiative (LUCI) Fellowship and DoD Vannevar Bush Fellowship Program. In the present paper experimental results and post-test material characterization of SPS sintered ZrB2, ZrB2+SiC, ZrB2+SiC+HfC, HfC+SiC, and HfC+ZrB2 pellets subjected to ablation test are presented.

Effect of 10 at.% Nb Addition on Sintering and High Temperature Oxidation of W0.5Cr0.5 Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 308-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suresh Telu ◽  
Vaduganathan Karthik ◽  
Rahul Mitra ◽  
Shyamal Kumar Pabi
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Isothermal Oxidation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Sinter Densification ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation Behavior ◽  
Nb Addition

The effect of 10 at.% Nb on the sintering and high temperature oxidation behavior of W0.5Cr0.5alloy was investigated. Elemental powder blends were made nanostructured by high energy mechanical milling, compacted and finally sintered under reduced atmosphere at 1790°C. The sintered samples were subjected to cyclic isothermal oxidation tests at 800°C to 1200°C in air. The experimental results shows superior sinterability and oxidation protection of W0.5Cr0.5alloy compared to pure W. Characterization of the oxide scales shows porous external W-rich oxide (WO3) formation which is not ideally suitable for oxidation resistance. On the other hand, W-Cr alloy with 10 at.% Nb shows the remarkable sinter densification (~98%) and oxidation resistance up to 1200°C. The oxide scale of the ternary alloy shows formation of stable Cr2O3, Nb2O5oxides and/or complex Cr-Nb oxide (CrNbO4), and there was no evidence of WO3formation in this case.

AERO-THERMO-DYNAMIC STUDY OF ULTRA-HIGH- TEMPERATURE CERAMIC COMPOSITES FOR THERMAL PROTECTION SYSTEMS AND ROCKET NOZZLES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEFANO MUNGIGUERRA ◽  
ANSELMO CECERE ◽  
RAFFAELE SAVINO
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Thermal Protection Systems ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Ablation Resistance ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Project Objectives ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

The most extreme aero-thermo-dynamic conditions encountered in aerospace applications include those of atmospheric re-entry, characterized by hypersonic Mach numbers, high temperatures and a chemically reacting environment, and of rocket propulsion, in which a combusting, high-pressure, supersonic flow can severely attack the surfaces of the motor internal components (particularly nozzle throats), leading to thermo-chemical erosion and consequent thrust decrease. For these applications, Ultra-High-Temperature Ceramics (UHTC), namely transition metal borides and carbides, are regarded as promising candidates, due to their excellent high-temperature properties, including oxidation and ablation resistance, which are boosted by the introduction of secondary phases, such as silicon carbide and carbon fibers reinforcement (in the so-called Ultra-High- Temperature Ceramic Matrix Composites, UHTCMC). The recent European H2020 C3HARME research project was devoted to development and characterization of new-class UHTCMCs for near-zero ablation thermal protection systems for re-entry vehicles and near-zero erosion rocket nozzles. Within the frame of the project and in collaboration with several research institutions and private companies, research activities at the University of Naples “Federico II” (UNINA) focused on requirements definition, prototypes design and test conditions identification, with the aim to increase the Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of UHTCMC up to 6. Experimental tests were performed with two facilities: an arc-jet plasma wind tunnel, where small specimens were characterized in a relevant atmospheric re-entry environment (Fig.1a), and a lab-scale hybrid rocket engine, where material testing was performed with different setups, up to complete nozzle tests, in conditions representative of real propulsive applications (Fig.1b). The characterization of the aero-thermo-chemical response and ablation resistance of different UHTCMC formulations was supported by numerical computations of fluiddynamic flowfields and materials thermal behavior. The UNINA activities provided a large database supporting the achievement of the project objectives, with development and testing of full-scale TPS assemblies and a large-size solid rocket nozzle.

Effects of heat treatments on oxidation resistance and mechanical properties of ultra high temperature ceramic coatings

2008 ◽  
Vol 202 (18) ◽  
pp. 4394-4398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Tului ◽  
Stefano Lionetti ◽  
Giovanni Pulci ◽  
Elviro Rocca ◽  
Teodoro Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

High-temperature oxidation resistance of Si-coated C/SiC composites

Rare Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Xiao ◽  
Hua-Yue Zhang ◽  
Sheng-Kai Gong ◽  
Hui-Bin Xu ◽  
Hong-Bo Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Temperature Oxidation ◽  
Sic Composites

Catalytic Properties of ZrB2-Based Ultra-High Temperature Ceramics Based on the Wall Temperature Response Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 745-746 ◽  
pp. 636-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Ping Hu ◽  
Xing Hong Zhang ◽  
Wen Bo Han
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Wall Temperature ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Ultra High Temperature Ceramics ◽  
Balance Principle ◽  
Sic Composites ◽  
Response Method ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

This paper presented the application of microwave-discharge plasma apparatus which was used to evaluate the catalytic properties of ZrB2-based ultra-high temperature ceramics in the simulated real service environment by the wall temperature response method based on the heat balance principle. The results showed that the material composition had a significant influence on the catalytic properties of ZrB2-based ultra-high temperature ceramics, and the catalytic activity of ZrB2-SiC composites with Cr addition had been increased significantly. The relationship between catalytic properties of ZrB2-based ultra-high temperature ceramics and surface composition was discussed in detail. The composition optimization was considered to be a very effective way to inhibit the recombination reactions of dissociated atoms on the surface of ultra-high temperature ceramics.

S042011 Evaluation of oxidation resistance of ZrB_2-SiC-ZrC : Ultra high temperature materials using above 2000K

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (0) ◽  
pp. _S042011-1-_S042011-4
Author(s):  
Yutaro ARAI ◽  
Masashi ISHIKAWA ◽  
Yasuo KOGO ◽  
Shu-qi GUO ◽  
Ken GOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
High Temperature Materials ◽  
Ultra High Temperature
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