Service Methane Number as a Means to Avoid Knock in Natural Gas Fuelled Spark Ignition Engines

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Brecq ◽  
Camal Rahmouni ◽  
Abdellilah Taouri ◽  
Mohand Tazerout ◽  
Olivier Le Corre
Keyword(s):  
Good Accuracy ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Mean Absolute Deviation ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Maximum Absolute Deviation ◽  
Methane Number

Experimental investigations on the knock rating of gaseous fuels were carried out on a single cylinder SI engine of Lister-Petter make. The Service Methane Number (SMN) of different gas compositions is measured and then compared to the standard Methane Number (MN), calculated by the AVL software. Effects of engine parameters, by mean of the Methane Number Requirement (MNR) are also highlighted. A linear correlation, between the SMN and the MN, has been obtained with a maximum absolute deviation lower than 2 MN units. A prediction correlation giving the MNR from engine parameters has finally been deduced from experimental data with a good accuracy (mean absolute deviation of 0.5 MNR unit).

Knock Rating of Gaseous Fuels

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Attar ◽  
G. A. Karim
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mixture Composition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Spark Timing ◽  
Methane Number

The knock tendency in spark ignition engines of binary mixtures of hydrogen, ethane, propane and n-butane is examined in a CFR engine for a range of mixture composition, compression ratio, spark timing, and equivalence ratio. It is shown that changes in the knock characteristics of binary mixtures of hydrogen with methane are sufficiently different from those of the binary mixtures of the other gaseous fuels with methane that renders the use of the methane number of limited utility. However, binary mixtures of n-butane with methane may offer a better alternative. Small changes in the concentration of butane produce almost linearly significant changes in both the values of the knock limited compression ratio for fixed spark timing and the knock limited spark timing for a fixed compression ratio.

Behavior Prediction Model in Gas Fueled Spark Ignition Internal Combustion Engines Turbocharged for Genset Application

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Duarte Forero ◽  
German Amador Diaz ◽  
Fabio Blanco Castillo ◽  
Lesme Corredor Martinez ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Equivalence Ratio ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Methane Number

In this paper, a mathematical model is performed in order to analyze the effect of the methane number (MN) on knock tendency when spark ignition internal combustion engine operate with gaseous fuels produced from different thermochemical processes. The model was validated with experimental data reported in literature and the results were satisfactory. A general correlation for estimating the autoignition time of gaseous fuels in function of cylinder temperature, and pressure, equivalence ratio and methane number of the fuel was carried out. Livengood and Wu correlation is used to predict autoignition in function of the crank angle. This criterium is a way to predict the autoignition tendency of a fuel/air mixture under engine conditions and consider the ignition delay. A chemical equilibrium model which considers 98 chemical species was used in this research in order to simulate the combustion of the gaseous fuels at differents engine operating conditions. The effect of spark advance, equivalence ratio, methane number (MN), charge (inlet pressure) and inlet temperature (manifold temperature) on engine knocking is evaluated. This work, explore the feasibility of using syngas with low methane number as fuel for commercial internal combustion engines.

Air-Fuel Ratio Control of Spark Ignition Engines With TWC Using LPV Techniques

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit A. Zope ◽  
Javad Mohammadpour ◽  
Karolos M. Grigoriadis ◽  
Matthew Franchek
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Linear Matrix ◽  
Pi Control ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Fuel Ratio

Precise control of the air-fuel ratio in a spark ignition (SI) engine is important to minimize emissions. The emission reduction strongly depends on the performance of the air-fuel ratio controller for the SI engine in conjunction with the Three Way Catalytic (TWC) converter. The TWC converter acts as a buffer to any variations occurring in the air-fuel ratio. It stores oxygen during a lean operation and releases the stored oxygen during a rich transient phase. The stored oxygen must be maintained close to the current storage capacity to yield maximum benefits from the TWC converter. Traditionally this is achieved using a simple PI control or a gain-scheduled PI control to address the variability in the operating conditions of the engine. This, however, does not guarantee closed-loop system stability and/or performance. In this work a model-based linear parameter varying (LPV) approach is used to design an H∞ controller. The design goal is to minimize the effect of disturbances on the air-fuel ratio and hence the relative storage level of oxygen in the TWC, over a defined operating range for the SI engine. The design method formulated in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) leads to a convex optimization problem which can be efficiently solved using existing interior-point optimization algorithms. Simulations performed validate the proposed control design methodology.

Theoretical and Experimental Researches Regard the Use of Bioethanol at the Supercharged Spark Ignition Engine

2016 ◽  
Vol 822 ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Obeid Zuhair H. Obeid ◽  
Constantin Pana ◽  
Niculae Negurescu ◽  
Alexandru Cernat ◽  
Iulius Bondoc
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Local Cooling ◽  
Combustion Properties ◽  
Si Engines

The use of bioethanol as alternative fuel for automotive supercharged spark ignition engines is required especially for to respect the pollutant norms which become more and more severe, especially for NOx emissions.The general objective of the researches is improving of a automotive supercharged spark ignition engine efficiency, improving performance of power and torque and decreasing of the emissions level by the use of bioethanol. Bioethanol is so a very good alternative fuel for SI engines because of its better combustion proprieties comparative to the gasoline as a good cooling agent of the intake air due to its high vaporization heat.The paper presents results of some theoretical and experimental investigations on a 1.5 L supercharged SI engine fuelled with gasoline-bioethanol blends. The investigations show that the improvement of the combustion process by use the bioethanol at the supercharged spark ignition engine leads to the reduction of BSFC, to the accentuated reduction CO and HC due to a lower C content and better combustion properties of the bioethanol. In same time, the NOx emissions level significantly decreases because of the local cooling effect produced by bioethanol vaporization.

scholarly journals Aspects of the bioethanol use at the turbocharged spark ignition engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1959-1966
Author(s):  
Zuhair Obeid ◽  
Alexandru Cernat ◽  
Constantin Pana ◽  
Niculae Negurescu
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Emissions Reduction ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Ignition Timing ◽  
Research Domain

In the actual content of pollution regulations for the automotives, the use of alternative fuels becomes a priority of the thermal engine scientific research domain. From this point of view bioethanol can represents a viable alternative fuel for spark ignition engines offering the perspective of pollutant emissions reduction and combustion improvement. The paper presents results of the experimental investigations of a turbo-supercharged spark ignition engine (developed from a natural admission spark ignition engine fuelled with gasoline) fuelled with bioethanol-gasoline blends. The engine is equipped with a turbocharger for low pressure supercharging, up till 1.4 bar. An correlation between air supercharging pressure-compression ratio-dosage-spark ignition timing-brake power is establish to avoid knocking phenomena at the engine operate regime of full load and 3000 min-1. The influences of the bioethanol on pollutant emissions level are presented.

Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Fuelling a Truck Diesel Engine with Liquefied Petroleum Gas

2016 ◽  
Vol 822 ◽  
pp. 198-205
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Cristian Nutu ◽  
Constantin Pana ◽  
Alexandru Dobre ◽  
Niculae Negurescu ◽  
Alexandru Cernat
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Nitric Oxides ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Objective Research ◽  
Engine Power

The increasing price of the fuels and tightening of the pollution rules requires the use of some efficient fuelling methodes with altenative fuels for diesel engines. Fuelling with LPG of a diesel engine is a viable sollution, considering that it can be used the infrastructure for distribution and storage already used for spark ignition engines. In this work are presented results of theoretical and experimental investigations of a truck diesel engine fuelled with LPG by diesel-LPG methode. The main objective research is the decrease of the nitric oxides emissions with the premise that the engine power is maintained at the same level like in the case of the standard engine, fuelled only with diesel fuel.

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