Optimal Integration of a Microturbine-Absorption Chiller Cooling, Heating and Power System for Highest Overall CHP System Value

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Sahm ◽  
Jifeng Zhang ◽  
Timothy Wagner ◽  
Sunghan Jung
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
System Level ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Efficiency Performance ◽  
Chp System ◽  
System Approaches

System level integration of an electrical power generating prime mover with a waste heat recovery thermally activated cooling technology is analyzed. Component and system level metrics for quantifying efficiency, performance and value are defined. Trades between component level metrics and system level metrics are performed and optimal integrated cooling, heating and power configuration characteristics and value sensitivity to integration parameters are quantified. Methods developed are extensible to other integrated prime mover and thermally activated technology system approaches.

Efficient Heat Transfer Methods in a Hybrid Solar Thermal Power System for the FSPOT-X Project

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Lee ◽  
Bill Nesmith ◽  
Terry Hendricks ◽  
Juan Cepeda-Rizo ◽  
Michael Petach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Power System ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
System Level ◽  
System Efficiency ◽  
Hybrid Power System ◽  
Thermal Transfer ◽  
Hybrid Power

The FSPOT-X Project, focused on maximizing exergy generated from AM1.5 sunlight, targets an overall system efficiency of >35%. The objective hybrid power system will deliver grid-ready AC power while simultaneously providing thermal energy storage for dispatchable electrical power generation in post sunset conditions. The challenging system-level requirements flow-down critical temperature differential and thermal transport requirements to multiple system components and their interfaces. By integrating and demonstrating multiple technologies, the FSPOT-X hybrid power system seeks to efficiently convert photons to electrons maximizing heat transfer efficiency across system element interfaces. These include: I1) capturing all incident sunlight from the solar concentrator in a receiver cavity to maximize energy generation from the CPV cells, I2) extracting PV thermalization heat from the receiver and into the reflux chamber, I3) moving heat from the reflux chamber through the thermal transfer interface, I4) using the thermal transfer interface to shift heat into the TAPC’s hot heat exchanger, I5) storing excess unused heat in phase change material, and I6) disposal of waste heat at the system level. For each of these thermal interfaces, effective and efficient technical means are being used and applied in order to maximize overall system efficiency for delivery of a next generation cost-effective and market-ready solar power system.

Modeling of Micro-Cooling, Heating, and Power (Micro-CHP) for Residential or Small Commercial Building Applications

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Mago ◽  
L. M. Chamra ◽  
Alan Moran
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Power ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Commercial Building ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Effects ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Chp System ◽  
The Cost

The increasing demand for electrical power as well as energy for heating and cooling of residences and small commercial buildings is a growing worldwide concern. Cooling, Heating, and Power (CHP) is a promising technology for increased energy efficiency through the use of distributed electric and thermal energy delivery systems at end-user sites. Micro-cooling, heating, and power (micro-CHP) is decentralized electricity generation coupled with thermally activated components for residential and small commercial applications. Micro-CHP systems, typically designated as less than thirty kilowatts electric, can simultaneously produce heat, cooling effects, and electrical power. The number of combinations of components and parameters in a micro-CHP system are too many to be designed through experimental work alone. Therefore, theoretical models for different micro-CHP components and complete micro-CHP systems are needed to facilitate the design of these systems and to study their performance. This paper presents a model for micro-CHP systems for residential and small commercial applications. Some of the results that can be obtained using the developed model include: the cost per month of operation of using micro-CHP versus conventional technologies, the amount of fuel per month required to run micro-CHP systems, the overall efficiency of micro-CHP systems, etc. Also, this model allows to evaluate micro-CHP systems using different type of fuels such as: natural gas, propane, biofuels, etc, to determine the fuel that provides the best performance.

Micro-CHP (Cooling, Heating, and Power): Not Just Scaled Down CHP

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louay M. Chamra ◽  
Pedro J. Mago ◽  
Nick Stone ◽  
Jason Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mississippi State University ◽  
State University ◽  
Fuel Utilization ◽  
Feedstock Production ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Integrated Program

The paper will introduce the research community to the Mississippi Micro-CHP (Cooling, Heating, and Power) and Bio-fuel Center, a unique research, demonstration and education center combining the resources and expertise from Mississippi State University Engineering, Agriculture, and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES). The center is a vertically integrated program to study and demonstrate the entire bio-fuel utilization cycle from “woodchips to micro-CHPs”: feedstock production, conversion to bio-fuel/biogas, conversion to onsite electrical power, and utilization of the resulting waste heat to provide the site’s cooling and heating needs. The “micro” designates a focus on residential, small commercial and rural applications. The coupling of micro-CHP with bio-fuels has to do with addressing regional and demographic consideration of successful micro-CHP implementation as opposed to a one-strategy-fits-all approach. The paper will contrast characteristics of residential and small commercial establishments versus commercial/industrial CHP systems and form a list of desirable characteristics for micro-CHP components and overall micro-CHP system design. Based on these evaluations, future research plans for the Center will be suggested. Another factor that will be stressed is that Micro-CHP will best be utilized if designed as part of a whole building system. The characteristics of the building are as important as the characteristics of the equipment, and both should be designed to work together synergistically.

Dynamic Infrared System Level Fault Isolation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Naoum ◽  
Johan Rahardjo ◽  
Yitages Taffese ◽  
Marie Chagny ◽  
Jeff Birdsley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fault Isolation ◽  
System Level ◽  
System Component ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Ir Imaging ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract The use of Dynamic Infrared (IR) Imaging is presented as a novel, valuable and non-destructive approach for the analysis and isolation of failures at a system/component level.

scholarly journals TEG Design for Waste Heat Recovery at an Aviation Jet Engine Nozzle

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawel Ziolkowski ◽  
Knud Zabrocki ◽  
Eckhard Müller
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Element Model ◽  
System Level ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Te Modules ◽  
Te Material

Finite element model (FEM)-based simulations are conducted for the application of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) between the hot core stream and the cool bypass flow at the nozzle of an aviation turbofan engine. This work reports the resulting requirements on the TEG design with respect to applied thermoelectric (TE) element lengths and filling factors (F) of the TE modules in order to achieve a positive effect on the specific fuel consumption. Assuming a virtual optimized TE material and varying the convective heat transfer coefficients (HTC) between the nozzle surfaces and the gas flows, this work reports the achievable power output. System-level requirement on the gravimetric power density (>100 Wkg−1) can only be met for F ≤ 21%. When extrapolating TEG coverage to the full nozzle surface, the power output reaches 1.65 kW per engine. The assessment of further potential for power generation is demonstrated by a parametric study on F, convective HTC, and materials performance. This study confirms a feasible design range for TEG installation on the aircraft nozzle with a positive impact on the fuel consumption. This application translates into a reduction of operational costs, allowing for an economically efficient TEG-installation with respect to the cost-specific power output of modern thermoelectric materials.

System Level Bench Test for Trailing Arm Strength Estimation

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaychandar Muthu ◽  
Kanak Soundrapandian ◽  
Jyoti Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mode ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Suspension System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Bench Test ◽  
Component Level ◽  
Arm Strength ◽  
Bench Testing ◽  
Nonlinear Finite Element Model

For suspension components, bench testing for strength is mostly accomplished at component level. However, replicating loading and boundary conditions at the component level in order to simulate the suspension system environment may be difficult. Because of this, the component's bench test failure mode may not be similar to its real life failure mode in vehicle environment. A suspension system level bench test eliminates most of the discrepancies between simulated component level and real life vehicle level environments resulting in higher quality bench tests yielding realistic test results. Here, a suspension level bench test to estimate the strength of its trailing arm link is presented. A suspension system level nonlinear finite element model was built and analyzed using ABAQUS software. The strength loading was applied at the wheel end. The analysis results along with the hardware test correlations are presented. The reasons why a system level test is superior to a component level one are also highlighted.

Analysis of Surface Waste Heat Recovery in IC Engine by Using TEG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prakash ◽  
D. Christopher ◽  
K. Kumarrathinam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Heat Energy Recovery

The prime objective of this paper is to present the details of a thermoelectric waste heat energy recovery system for automobiles, more specifically, the surface heat available in the silencer. The key is to directly convert the surface heat energy from automotive waste heat to electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator, which is then regulated by a DC–DC Cuk converter to charge a battery using maximum power point tracking. Hence, the electrical power stored in the battery can be maximized. Also the other face of the TEG will remain cold. Hence the skin burn out accidents can be avoided. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can work well under different working conditions, and is promising for automotive industry.

A Methodology to Conduct a Combined Heating and Power System Assessment and Feasibility Study for Industrial Manufacturing Facilities

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chad Wheeley ◽  
Pedro J. Mago
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Feasibility Study ◽  
Prime Mover ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Industrial Manufacturing ◽  
System Assessment ◽  
Manufacturing Facilities ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Topping Cycle

This paper considers combined heat and power (CHP) systems based on topping cycles only, in which electricity is generated by a prime mover and heat is then recovered from the exhaust and utilized to offset all or a portion of the facility’s process and/or space heating requirements.. The objective of this paper is to develop a methodology to perform a topping cycle CHP assessment and feasibility study for industrial manufacturing facilities. In order to determine the best and most viable option for the facility in question, the proposed methodology can be used to size different systems which utilize diverse technologies and fuel sources, perform an economic analysis of each proposed option, and then compare the benefits and setbacks of each type of CHP system considered. The calculations performed in the economic analysis will then provide a broad insight as to which proposed system will show the best payback if installed. Examples are presented in this paper that describe in detail the application of this methodology, from equipment selection and sizing through economic analyses and proposed system comparisons, which is recommended for use in order to determine the most economically feasible CHP system for an industrial manufacturing facility.

Development of Rotary Engine Based Micro-DG/CHP System

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard L. Hack ◽  
Max R. Venaas ◽  
Vince G. McDonell ◽  
Tod M. Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Generation ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Rotary Engine ◽  
Chp System ◽  
Performance Results

Small scale Distributed Generation with waste heat recovery (<50 kW power output, micro-DG/CHP) is an expanding market supporting the widespread deployment of on-site generation to much larger numbers of facilities. The benefits of increased overall thermal efficiency, reduced pollutant emissions, and grid/microgrid support provided by DG/CHP can be maximized with greater quantities of smaller systems that better match the electric and thermal on-site loads. The 3-year CEC funded program to develop a natural gas fueled automotive based rotary engine for micro-DG/CHP, capitalizing upon the unique attributes engine configuration will be presented including initial performance results and plans for the balance of the program.

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