Wire-Electric Gyroscope

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadym Avrutov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Cross Section Area ◽  
Section Area ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Wire ◽  
Rate Sensor

The wire-electric gyroscope (WEG) is a new type of the angular rate sensor. The basic principle of the WEG is based on the hypothesis of invariance of the electric current speed for the same wire (coil). It is similar to the Sagnac effect for the speed of light. The method of angular rate determination is described. The voltage difference between two wire coils with different line coupling can be expressed in applied rotation (angular) rate and velocity of electric current. The scale factor depends on the magnitude of the current, number of the coil turns, the coil’s radius, the cross-section area of the wire and specific (unit) resistance of the wire. WEG can be produced cost-effectively and can be a good choice for low-cost applications.

Active Roll Control of Heavy Single Unit Vehicles Employing MEMS Angular Rate Sensors

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel F. Asokanthan ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Tianfu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Single Unit ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Micro Electro Mechanical System ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Roll Control ◽  
Active Roll Control ◽  
Rate Sensor

The present paper is concerned with the use of active roll control to improve the roll stability of heavy road-vehicles and the application of Micro-electro-mechanical System (MEMS) angular rate sensors in the feedback monitoring. For this purpose, mathematical models that represent the roll/yaw dynamics for a torsionally rigid Single Unit Vehicle (SUV) is presented. The state-space models that represent the vehicle dynamics are also developed for the purpose of performing numerical simulations. A linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) based controller, using Kalman estimator to estimate certain states, is employed to design a full-state active roll control system. A mathematical model that represents the dynamic behavior of a low-cost MEMS gyroscope is derived for the purpose of investigating the suitability of applying this class of angular rate sensor in the roll control of heavy vehicles. Some reliability issues related to MEMS sensors, such as noise and drift, are introduced and included in vehicle dynamic models.

Competitive Coriolis Vibrating Gyroscope with a Metal Resonator

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 777-787
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Raspopov ◽  
A. V. Ladonkin ◽  
V. V. Likhosherst
Keyword(s):  
Phase Shift ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Correction Function ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Sensing Element ◽  
Resonance Tuning ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements ◽  
Rate Sensor

The article deals with the design and features of manufacturing a Coriolis vibrating gyroscope (CVG, angular rate sensor) with a metal resonator. Piezoelectric elements are used to excite and detect oscillations of the resonator.The design of the resonator is very important, because the technical characteristics of the CVG mainly depend on the resonator. For the production of a high-quality metal resonator with predetermined properties, a good choice is the precision alloy of 21NKMT-VI. Elimination of defects in the manufacture of the resonator, which lead to a variety of frequencies and variability, is achieved by balancing. The basic method is balancing in the 4th form of the distribution of mass defects. Calibration of the CVG with the electronics unit is the final stage of the CVG manufacturing, which results in: providing a resonance tuning condition for the sensing element, determining the feedback coefficients of the oscillation retention loop, determining the metrological characteristics of the CVG, and obtaining the correction function of the output signal from various parameters after the test complex.When determining the correction function, the fact was taken into account that the signals for suppressing the quadrature and coriolis components are not absolutely independent. When the node signal is demodulated to quadrature and coriolis components, it is necessary to analyze the signal passed through piezoelectric elements, amplifiers and ADC. Each of these elements adds a temperature-dependent phase shift to the node signal. This phase shift can be taken into account, but not with absolute accuracy. Therefore, the output signal of the CVG should be considered as a linear combination of signals of the quadrature and coriolis components of the compensation signal. To reduce the noise of the output signal, it is possible to use various types of noise suppressing filtersThe results of tests of the CVG confirming its competitiveness in comparison with the commercial analogue. The electronic control module can be designed using the Russian element base.

Multi-rate sensor fusion for underwater heading estimation

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Bandala ◽  
Tomás Salgado ◽  
Ramón Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Kalman Filter ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Remotely Operated Vehicle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Heading Estimation ◽  
Rate Sensor

Purpose – This paper presents the results of a heading estimation method for a remotely operated vehicle (ROV). The output rate of commercially available underwater compasses is typically in the order of a few Hz. Heading frequencies of at least 1 KHz are desirable for navigation and control purposes. Design/methodology/approach – The estimation was performed by fusioning the signals of three inertial sensors: the ROV’s own underwater compass (which operates roughly at 10 Hz or less), the ROV’s embedded gyro and an additional angular rate sensor that provides readings from 1 to 3 KHz. The output signal of the additional angular rate sensor is not part of the proposed Kalman filter. Nonetheless a five-point Newton-Cotes closed integration of such signal is fed into the Kalman filter implementation that performs the required heading estimation at 1 KHz or more. Findings – The proposed Kalman filter implementation is a suitable approach to estimate heading position even though the original compass signal rate is significantly slower than the signal required for both assisted and autonomous control. Research limitations/implications – The estimated heading yield good results in both simulation and experimental environments. Originality/value – The method was embedded in a dedicated 16-bit DSP that handles both the acquisition of the three signals and the heading estimation, hence resulting in a very low-cost solution. The embedded solution was tested in the developed submarine and the obtained high-rate heading parameter is now used by the control system of the ROV.

Several Key Technologies to Improve Silicon Microgyro Performance

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunzhu Xia ◽  
Bailing Zhou ◽  
Shourong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Mechanical Working ◽  
Micromechanical Gyroscope ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Rate Sensor ◽  
High Level

Silicon micromechanical gyroscope is an extraordinarily important micro inertial sensor, which has characteristics of little size, low cost and batch integrated production with huge market. But it now belongs to low or middle level precision angular rate sensor, so it is becoming a key problem to update this sensitivity to high level. This paper presents several key technologies to improve silicon microgyro performance from the view of micro-electro-mechanical working principle and minor signal detection of microgyro. The simulation and circuit design are well done, which results testify that these improved technologies have certain academic and practical value to update present low or middle level precision angular rate sensor.

Head acceleration measurement techniques: Reliability of angular rate sensor data in helmeted impact testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 232 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan R Cobb ◽  
Abigail M Tyson ◽  
Steven Rowson
Keyword(s):  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Angular Acceleration ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Head Acceleration ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Impact Tests ◽  
Rate Sensor

This study sought to evaluate the suitability of angular rate sensors for quantifying angular acceleration in helmeted headform impacts. A helmeted Hybrid III headform, instrumented with a 3-2-2-2 nine accelerometer array and angular rate sensors, was impacted (n = 90) at six locations and three velocities (3.1, 4.9, and 6.4 m/s). Data were low-pass filtered using Butterworth four-pole phaseless digital filters which conform to the specifications described in the Society of Automotive Engineers J211 standard on instrumentation for impact tests. Nine accelerometer array data were filtered using channel frequency class 180, which corresponds to a −3 db cutoff frequency of 300 Hz. Angular rate sensor data were filtered using channel frequency class values ranging from 5 to 1000 Hz in increments of 5 Hz, which correspond to −3 db cutoff frequencies of 8 to 1650 Hz. Root-mean-square differences in peak angular acceleration between the two instrumentation schemes were assessed for each channel frequency class value. Filtering angular rate sensor data with channel frequency class values between 120 and 205 all produced mean differences within ±5%. The minimum root-mean-square difference of 297 rad/s2 was found when the angular rate sensor data were filtered using channel frequency class 175. This filter specification resulted in a mean difference of 28 ± 297 rad/s2 (1.8% ± 8.6%). Condition-specific differences (α=0.05) were observed for 11 of 18 test conditions. A total of 4 of those 11 conditions were within ±5%, and 10 were within ±10%. Furthermore, the nine accelerometer array and angular rate sensor methods demonstrated similar levels of repeatability. These data suggest that angular rate sensor may be an appropriate alternative to the nine accelerometer array for measuring angular head acceleration in helmeted head impact tests with impactor velocities of 3.1–6.4 m/s and impact durations of approximately 10 ms.

Sine-Wave Exciting Circuit for Quartz Vibrating Gyroscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 562-565 ◽  
pp. 417-420
Author(s):  
Qing Yi Wang ◽  
Xiao Wei Liu ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Liang Yin ◽  
Zhi Ping Zhou
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Angular Rate ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Angular Rate Sensor ◽  
Square Wave ◽  
Rate Sensor ◽  
Is Design ◽  
Cmos Processing

Quartz vibrating gyroscope is a kind of angular rate sensor which is the compromise between the high performance and the small volume. Improvement of the performance is a focus of reach. In this paper, a sine-wave exciting method is discussed. A sine-wave exciting circuit is design and processed with 0.5μm CMOS processing technology. During comparing the sine-wave exciting response and the square-wave one, the sine-wave exciting circuit is more beneficial to improve the performance of the quartz vibrating gyroscope.

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