Drilling of Silicon Based Solar Panels: A Review

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Cong ◽  
Q. Feng ◽  
Z. J. Pei
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Electrical Contacts ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Back Side ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Front Side ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Silicon Based

Solar panels have been developed to convert the solar energy to electricity. Since most solar panels are silicon based, they inherit the mechanical properties of silicon, such as brittleness and hardness. These properties might lead to cracking in workpieces and low tool lives in traditional machining processes. In solar panel manufacturing, to increase the efficiency of solar cells, electrical contacts on the front side of the panel need to be connected to those on the back side. Therefore, holes of different sizes are required to drill in silicon solar panels for certain designs. This paper reviews the literature on different drilling processes for silicon solar panels and summarizes merits, shortcomings, and special characteristics of each method.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF THE TEMPERATURE ON THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF MONO-CRYSTALLINE AND POLY-CRYSTALLINE SOLAR PANELS

SINERGI ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamzah Eteruddin ◽  
Atmam Atmam ◽  
David Setiawan ◽  
Yanuar Z. Arief
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Output Voltage ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Difference

People can make solar energy alternative energy by employing solar panels to generate electricity. The utilization of solar energy on a solar panel to generate electricity is affected by the weather and the duration of the radiation, and they will affect the solar panel’s temperature. There are various types of solar panels that can be found on the market today, including Mono-Crystalline and Poly-Crystalline. The difference in the material used needs to be observed in terms of temperature changes in the solar module. Our study’s findings showed that a change in the temperature would impact the solar panel’s output voltage, and the solar panel’s output voltage would change when it was connected to the load although the measured temperatures were almost the same.

Nanotechnology for Photovoltaic Energy

2014 ◽  
pp. 319-346
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Qazi ◽  
Farhan A. Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Silicon Based

Solar radiation is plentiful and a clean source of power. However, despite the first practical use of silicon based solar cell more than 50 years ago, it has not been exploited to its full potential due to the high cost of electrical conversion on a per Watt basis. Many new kinds of photovoltaic cells such as multi-junction solar cells dye –sensitized solar cells and organic solar cell incorporating element of nanotechnology have been proposed to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost. Nanotechnology, in the form of quantum dots, nanorods, nanotubes, and grapheme, has been shown to enhance absorption of sunlight, makes low cost flexible solar panels and increases the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. The chapter reviews the state of current photovoltaic cells and challenges it presents. It also discusses the use of nanotechnology in the application of photovoltaic cells and future research directions to improve the efficiency of solar cells and reduce the cost.

Nanotechnology for Photovoltaic Energy

2013 ◽  
pp. 163-191
Author(s):  
Salahuddin Qazi ◽  
Farhan A. Qazi
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Photovoltaic Cells ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Silicon Based

Solar radiation is plentiful and a clean source of power. However, despite the first practical use of silicon based solar cell more than 50 years ago, it has not been exploited to its full potential due to the high cost of electrical conversion on a per Watt basis. Many new kinds of photovoltaic cells such as multi-junction solar cells dye –sensitized solar cells and organic solar cell incorporating element of nanotechnology have been proposed to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost. Nanotechnology, in the form of quantum dots, nanorods, nanotubes, and grapheme, has been shown to enhance absorption of sunlight, makes low cost flexible solar panels and increases the efficiency of photovoltaic cells. The chapter reviews the state of current photovoltaic cells and challenges it presents. It also discusses the use of nanotechnology in the application of photovoltaic cells and future research directions to improve the efficiency of solar cells and reduce the cost.

scholarly journals Analisa Perbandingan Kinerja Panel Surya Vertikal Dengan Panel Surya Fleksibel Pada Jenis Monocrystalline

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Budiyanto Budiyanto ◽  
Hery Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Convex Shape ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Solar Lighting

Permasalahan utama dari solar cell adalah perbedaan jenis solar cell yang mengakibatkan perbedaan kinerja pada solar cell tersebut. Besarnya daya keluaran yang dihasilkan relatif tidak konstan karena dipengaruhi oleh besarnya intensitas matahari  serta  suhu  lingkungan  di  sekitarnya.  Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut maka tugas akhir ini dirancang untuk melakukan perbandingan panel surya monocrystalline jenis vertikal dan jenis fleksibel.Pada hasil pengujian dengan pencahayaan matahari panel surya fleksibel menghasilkan efisiensi lebih tinggi dibanding dengan panel surya vertikal, yaitu 20,8774%, sedangkan panel surya vertikal meghasilkan efisiensi sebesar 19,2844%. Dalam penggunaan simulasi pencahayaan lampu panel surya vertikal menghasilkan efisiensi yang cukup tinggi dan lebih tinggi dibanding panel surya fleksibel, yaitu 20,4818% sedangkan panel surya fleksibel menghasilkan efisiensi sebesar 16,4044%. Pada panel surya fleksibel dengan bentuk cembung 25° menghasilkan efisiensi sebesar 15,3200. Pada bentuk cekung 25° menghasilkan efisiensi 15,6265%.The main problem with solar cells is the different types of solar cells that result in differences in the performance of the solar cell. The amount of output power produced is relatively not constant because it is influenced by the intensity of the sun and the temperature of the surrounding environment. To overcome this problem, this final project is designed to compare the vertical and flexible monocrystalline solar panels. In the test results with solar lighting, flexible solar panels produce higher efficiency than vertical solar panels, which is 20.8774%, while vertical solar panels resulted in an efficiency of 19.2844%. In the use of simulated lighting, vertical solar panel lights produce high and higher efficiency than flexible solar panels, namely 20.4818%, while flexible solar panels produce an efficiency of 16.4044%. In a flexible solar panel with a convex shape of 25° it produces an efficiency of 15.3200. In the concave shape of 25° it produces an efficiency of 15.6265%.

scholarly journals Potential Usage of Solar Energy as a Renewable Energy Source in Petukangan Utara, South Jakarta

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Purwa Laksana ◽  
Yani Prabowo ◽  
Sujono Sujono ◽  
Rummi Sirait ◽  
Nifty Fath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Tropical Country

Indonesia is a tropical country located on the equator. The average intensity of solar radiation in Indonesia is 4.8 kWh/m2. This makes Indonesia a country with new and ren ewable energy potential, one of which is solar panel technology. The first step that must be done in the process of installing solar panels in a place is to analyze the potential of solar energy. In this study, an analysis of the potential of solar energy as a new renewable energy source has been carried out at Budi Luhur University, North Petukangan, South Jakarta. Based on the research results, the maximum photovoltaic efficiency that can be achieved is 21.45%. During the day, the efficiency of the solar panels increases along with the ncrease in the value of the voltage obtained. However, the higher the panel temperature, the lower the efficiency of the solar panel. Therefore, a cooling system is needed to anticipate this.

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI PENERIMAAN INTENSITAS CAHAYA MATAHARI PADA PERMUKAAN PANEL SURYA (SOLAR CELL) MENGGUNAKAN CERMIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Soni A Kaban ◽  
Muhamad Jafri ◽  
Gusnawati Gusnawati
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Voltage Output ◽  
Flat Mirror ◽  
A Current

Abstrak Energi surya merupakan salah satu energi yang bias dikonversi menjadi energi listrik dengan menggunakan panel surya (photovoltaic solar). Pada penelitian ini, dirancang panel surya dengan cermin datar sebagai reflektor scanning dengan empat buah reflektor pada empat sisi panel surya. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu untuk mendapatkan keluaran panel surya yang optimal menggunakan cemin sebagai media reflektornya dan mendapatkan konfigurasi penempatan cermin untuk meningkatkan keluaran arus dan tegangan panel surya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode eksperimen dengan melakukan percobaan terhadap objek bahan penelitian dengan kemiringan reflektor cermin 30o, 45o, dan 60o. Dengan penambahan reflector cermin pada panel surya menyebabkan peningkatan keluaran panel surya pada pukul 12.00 Wita. Panel tanpa reflektor mengahasilkan Arus 2,1 Ampere, Tegangan 6,52 Volt. Panel reflektor 30o menghasilkan Arus 1,89 Ampere, Tegangan 6,25 Volt, Panel reflektor 45o, Arus 2,33 Ampere, Tegangan 6,15 Volt dan Panel reflektor Arus 3,02 Ampere, dan Tegangan 6,41 Volt.Kata kunci: Energi; fotovoltaik; panel surya; cermin. Abstract Solar energy is one of the energies that can be converted into electrical energy using solar panels (photovoltaic solar). In this study, a solar panel with a flat mirror as a scanning reflector was designed with four reflectors on the four sides of the solar panel. The objectives to be achieved in this study are to obtain optimal solar panel output using the mirror as a reflector medium and obtain a mirror placement configuration to increase the current and voltage output of the solar panels. The method used in this research is an experimental method by conducting experiments on the object of the research material with a mirror reflector tilt of 30o, 45o, and 60o. With the addition of a mirror reflector on the solar panel, it causes an increase in the output of the solar panel at 12.00 GMT+08. The panel without a reflector produces a current of 2.1 Ampere, a voltage of 6.52 volts. The 30o-reflector panel produces a current of 1.89 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.25 Volts, a 450 Reflector Panel, a Current of 2.33 Amperes, a Voltage of 6.15 Volts and a Current 3.02 Amperes of Reflector Panel, and a Voltage of 6.41 Volts. Keywords: Energy; photovoltaic; solar panel; mirror

scholarly journals Perspectives of New Alternative Materials to Silicon for the Production of Photovoltaic Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (71) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Casadei Teixeira ◽  
Heidy Rodriguez Ramos ◽  
Alexandre de Oliveira e Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Photovoltaic Solar Cells ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

Much has been studied about solar energy as a renewable energy, as it can be transformed in electricity by means of solar panels. Innovation is very important when it comes to photovoltaic technologies, because the advantages of these technologies are low installation and maintenance costs and no environmental impact during operation. The market of photovoltaic products is dominated by the silicon technology, but new second- and third-generation cell technologies have been developed. This research shows that the Perovskite solar and the Multijunction solar cells have the potential to achieve maximum power conversion efficiency and minimum production costs in the near future. Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC), Organic photovoltaics (OPV), Quantum dot sensitized solar cells (QDSSC), Single-junction solar cells, and the Heterojunction solar cells will achieve such potential in a more distant future, because limitations imposed by efficiency and costs must be overcome. Having these parameters in mind, the overall objective of this research is to analyze the materials of strategic potential to compete with silicon in the composition of the photovoltaic solar cells. A Systematic Literature Review helped retrieve 112 papers that report the most researched materials from 2014 to 2018. It is concluded that despite good results have been obtained from many of such studies, some alternative materials to silicon are still not technologically acceptable in terms of efficiency. It is expected that the use of a better distributed and cheaper solar energy technology will be possible in the near future.

Effect of Power Characteristics on Solar Panels: Hands-On Projects for Clean Energy Systems Class

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birce Dikici ◽  
Javier Jalandoni
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Power Characteristics ◽  
Electrical Generation

In this paper, experiments that can be introduced to Clean Energy Systems classes are described. The experiments investigate the effect of power characteristics (temperature, shade and tilt angle) on solar panel electricity production. Solar cell efficiency is the ratio of the electrical output of a solar cell to the incident energy in the form of sunlight. The energy conversion efficiency of a solar cell is the percentage of the solar energy to which the cell is exposed that is converted into electrical energy. Extreme temperatures can cause a decrease in solar panel’s power output and airstream can dissipate the heat and bring the solar panel to its normal operating condition. Solar panel efficiency is undesirably affected by heat and improved with introducing cooler medium. As well as heat, solar panel loses its power when a part of it is shaded by trees or surrounding buildings. Before solar panel systems are designed for homes, usually a detailed shading analysis of the roof is conducted to reveal its patterns of shade and sunlight throughout the year. By the same manner, how solar panels react to the direct and indirect rays from the sun in order to produce electricity is examined through experiments. Voltage, current and power flowing into a resistor are measured when the angle of the solar panel relative to the light source is changed. The tilt angles to the electrical measurements are linked to the differences in electrical generation. Students can perform experimental procedures explained here and gain the conceptual understanding of the Solar Energy better. The investigations require student explanation of the question, method, display of data with the critical response from peers.

scholarly journals Penerapan Panel Surya untuk Penerangan Kapal Kelompok Nelayan Pantai Jaya, Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Habibullah Habibullah ◽  
Rahmat Hidayat ◽  
Pinto Anugrah
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Solar Panel ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Urban Village ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Lighting Systems

Pasie Nan Tigo Urban Village has 20 Fishermen Groups, one of which is active is the Pantai Jaya Fishermen Group. Based on the facts and discussions with the Pantai Jaya Fishermen group it was found that the most important problem was the high operational costs required when going to sea, while the fish catches obtained were uncertain and the lack of technological touch in the fishing process. To go to sea, fishermen with Tondo Ships must prepare a minimum fund of 1.35 million rupiah, of which around 50% is used to buy fuel oil (BBM). The solution offered to solve the problem is the utilization of environmentally friendly solar energy through the solar panel technology of ship lighting systems. It is expected that from this activity can be obtained by fishing boats powered by environmentally friendly solar energy that is more economical and profitable. The use of solar panels for ship lighting systems will replace the use of generator engines which so far need fuel.

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