Surface Production System Options for Deepwater

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beverley F. Ronalds
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Production System ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Surface Production ◽  
Optimum Production ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of the optimum production system for a deepwater field requires a detailed understanding of the advantages and limitations of the various alternatives. In this paper the key features of five proven deepwater platform types – FPSOs, semisubmersibles, spars, TLPs and compliant towers – are compared. Particular emphasis is placed on the interactions between wells, risers and hull and how they vary with water depth. Large fields in ultra-deepwater are a challenging combination for which few systems are ideally suited: they are constrained in their water depth, riser count, or topside capacity. The exception is the spread-moored FPSO. In future, semi’s or other multi-column floaters (with either wet or dry trees) may also see greater application, especially where well access is important or in less benign environments.

scholarly journals Comparison of blockchain platforms: a systematic review and healthcare examples

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 462-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsung-Ting Kuo ◽  
Hugo Zavaleta Rojas ◽  
Lucila Ohno-Machado
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Health Informatics ◽  
Clinical Informatics ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Software Engineers ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Objectives To introduce healthcare or biomedical blockchain applications and their underlying blockchain platforms, compare popular blockchain platforms using a systematic review method, and provide a reference for selection of a suitable blockchain platform given requirements and technical features that are common in healthcare and biomedical research applications. Target audience Healthcare or clinical informatics researchers and software engineers who would like to learn about the important technical features of different blockchain platforms to design and implement blockchain-based health informatics applications. Scope Covered topics include (1) a brief introduction to healthcare or biomedical blockchain applications and the benefits to adopt blockchain; (2) a description of key features of underlying blockchain platforms in healthcare applications; (3) development of a method for systematic review of technology, based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, to investigate blockchain platforms for healthcare and medicine applications; (4) a review of 21 healthcare-related technical features of 10 popular blockchain platforms; and (5) a discussion of findings and limitations of the review.

Paddlefish: Ecological, Aquacultural, and Regulatory Challenges of Managing a Global Resource

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
River Discharge ◽  
First Year ◽  
Side Channel ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Detailed Understanding ◽  
Successful Recruitment ◽  
Class Strength ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Key Features

<i>Abstract</i>.—Inadequate recruitment is a concern in many stocks of Paddlefish <i>Polyodon spathula</i>. Despite the importance of maintaining adequate recruitment, little understanding exists of specific recruitment factors and mechanisms. In this chapter we review and synthesize the results of the relatively few studies and observations of Paddlefish reproduction and recruitment and the factors potentially responsible for observed variations. Comparisons are made with studies on sturgeons. Although Paddlefish and sturgeon show many anatomical, life history, and behavioral similarities, some key features of Paddlefish differing from other Acipenseriform species are lifelong zooplanktivory, filter feeding, midwater foraging behaviors, and lack of armoring. Data from both sturgeon and Paddlefish show higher reproductive success associated with higher river discharge; greater Paddlefish reproductive success in some adfluvial populations has also been linked to increasing and high reservoir levels. Whereas several sturgeon studies suggest that recruitment (and year-class strength) are determined within 2–3 months of hatching, results from Paddlefish suggest that year-class strength may be determined later in their first year or in their second year. Observations and field results lead to the hypothesis that young Paddlefish must grow fast in their first and early second years of life to reach a size where they can successfully overwinter, avoid predation from piscivorous fishes and birds, and recruit. Support for this grow-fast-or-be-eaten hypothesis comes from several sources, both indirect (e.g., the relation between fish length and rostrum length) and direct (higher survival of larger fish released and higher lipids in age-0 fish in years of good recruitment). However, more research is needed to adequately test this hypothesis. Paddlefish rearing habitat changes include river-backwater and side-channel sedimentation, reservoir sedimentation and aging, and threats from increased native and nonnative predator populations. Managers of Paddlefish will need a more detailed understanding of the habitat conditions needed for successful recruitment in the wild.

Machine Learning and Financial Investing

2010 ◽  
pp. 375-386
Author(s):  
Jie Du ◽  
Roy Rada
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Evolutionary Computation ◽  
Evolutionary Methods ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter presents the case for knowledge-based machine learning in financial investing. Machine learning here, while it will exploit knowledge, will also rely heavily on the evolutionary computation paradigm of learning, namely reproduction with change and selection of the fit. The chapter will begin with a model for financial investing and then review what has been reported in the literature as regards knowledge-based and machine-learning-based methods for financial investing. Finally, a design of a financial investing system is described which incorporates the key features identified through the literature review. The emerging trend of incorporating knowledge-based methods into evolutionary methods for financial investing suggests opportunities for future researchers.

Semantic Descriptions of Web Services

2011 ◽  
pp. 31-73
Author(s):  
Farshad Hakimpour ◽  
Suo Cong ◽  
Daniela E. Damm
Keyword(s):  
Web Services ◽  
Semantic Web ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Semantic Web Services ◽  
Web Ontology Language ◽  
Ontology Language ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Selection Of

This chapter introduces the emerging technology of Semantic Web services. It concentrates on two dominant specifications in this domain, namely OWL-S (Web ontology language for services) and WSMO (Web services modeling ontology). We briefly introduce Web services and Semantic Web, two main technologies underlying the Semantic Web services technology and then explain most of the key features of this technology together with simplified examples. We discuss three aspects of Semantic Web services: specifications for semantic descriptions of services, intelligent discovery and selection of services using semantic descriptions, and finally, building more complex services by composing existing ones. Our main goal in this chapter is not only to present an abstract view of this technology but also the introduction of the technical details of the two existing specifications.

Interaction Between Camel Farming and Environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 363-378
Author(s):  
Bernard Faye
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Desert Environment ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Animal Metabolism ◽  
Extensive Farming ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

The close adaptation of camel to its desert environment could explain its weak expansion out of the arid lands of the world. This adaptation can contribute to the desertification combat, attesting to its small ecological footprint with traditional extensive farming. The camel population in the world, despite its active growth, remains marginal, and its contribution to the greenhouse gas emission is negligible. However, the current trends to the intensification of camel productions could change the impact of the species on the environment and on animal metabolism. The necessity to expect a better productivity face to the growing demand could lead to a “specialization” of the camel farms and a specific selection of the camel. Such trends require care with a possible erosion of the camel biodiversity and the consequences on the interactions between the emerging camel production system and the environment.

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